Ngaba ngamanye amaxesha uziva ngathi ulahlekelwa yibhalansi yakho xa uhamba, okanye ukuba unobunzima bokulawula amalungu akho omzimba? Mhlawumbi izandla zakho ziyangcangcazela xa ubhala, ubamba ikomityi, okanye ukrwempa amazwi akho xa uthetha? Ezi azizozinto nje ezingaqhelekanga. Kusenokuba kukho isizathu sezonyango emva koku. Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngemeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-ataxia, ebangela ezo mpawu. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela oku.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni i-ataxia?
I-Ataxia ayisosifo ngokwenene, kodwa luphawu. Ukuchaneka, sibiza i-ataxia ngokuba ziintshukumo ezingaqhelekanga nezingaqhelekanga ezenzeka ngenxa yokuba buthathaka kwamandla ethu okulawula izihlunu zethu . Khawuthelekelele, ingqondo yethu yeyona ndawo iphambili elawula zonke iintshukumo emzimbeni. Xa kukho ingxaki okanye ukuphazamiseka kwemiqondiso esuka kweli ziko ukuya kwimilenze, iintshukumo zethu ziba ziingxubakaxaka. Ukuhamba, ukulinganisela, izandla, amehlo, kwanentetho zinokuchaphazeleka.
Ngamanye amaxesha ezi meko zimbini i-Ataxia kunye ne-Apraxia zinokubhidaniswa. Kwi-Apraxia, ingqondo iyalibala indlela yokwenza umsebenzi, nangona izihlunu zisasebenza. Kwi-Ataxia, amandla omzimba okulawula izihlunu ayalahleka.
Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo ezibonakala kwi-ataxia
Umntu one- ataxia unokubonakalisa iimpawu ezahlukeneyo. Jonga ukuba unayo na enye okanye ezingaphezulu kwezi.
| Uphawu | Ingcaciso elula |
|---|---|
| Ukuhamba okungazinzanga | Xa ndihamba, ndikhubeka njengomntu onxilileyo, kwaye kunzima ukuhamba ngokuthe tye. |
| Indlela ebanzi | Kwimizamo yokugcina ibhalansi, uyalingeka ukuba uhambe iinyawo zakho ziqhekekile. |
| Ukulinganisela Okubi | Nokuba uhleli nje okanye umile, ulahlekelwa yibhalansi yakho kwaye uqala ukuwa. |
| Ulungelelwaniso olubi | Kunzima ukulawula amalungu omzimba. Xa ndizama ukufikelela kwinto ethile, iyashukuma iye phambili nangasemva. |
| Ubunzima bokwenza umsebenzi onzima | Kuba nzima ukwenza imisebenzi ebuthathaka njengokubhala, ukuqhobosha ihempe, nokutya. |
| Intetho Engacacanga | Xa uthetha, amagama ayaxanana, isantya siyehla, kwaye awukwazi ukuthetha ngesingqi esifanayo. |
| Ubunzima bokuginya | Ivakala ngathi iyakrwitshwa xa igwinya ukutya okanye isiselo. |
| Iintshukumo zamehlo ezingalawulekiyo | Amehlo ahamba ngokukhawuleza okanye anyuke aze ahle (iNystagmus). |
Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-ataxia kuxhomekeke kwisizathu.
Ngokuxhomekeke kwisizathu esiyintloko se-ataxia, inokwahlulwa ibe ziintlobo ezininzi eziphambili.
1. I-Cerebellar Ataxia
Olu lolona hlobo luxhaphakileyo. Lwenzeka xa i-cerebellum , inxalenye encinci yobuchopho engasemva kwengqondo, yonakele. Ilawula ukulinganisela kwethu, ukuhamba, kunye nokuhamba kwamalungu omzimba. Xa le nxalenye yonakele, iimpawu ezinje ngokutshintsha kwelizwi, isiyezi, ukudinwa, iintloko ezibuhlungu, kunye nokungcangcazela kwemisipha zinokwenzeka.
2. I-Sensory Ataxia
Olu hlobo lubangelwa kukonakala kwemithambo-luvo ekwintambo yomqolo okanye kwinkqubo yemithambo-luvo ejikeleze umzimba wonke. Ngenxa yoko, iinyawo zethu zilahlekelwa ngamandla azo okuva umhlaba. Imiqondiso efunyanwa yingqondo malunga nokuba umzimba ukuphi na xa ithelekiswa nomhlaba ibuthathaka.
- Kunzima ukuhamba ebumnyameni.
- Kunzima ukuchukumisa impumlo yakho ngomnwe wakho xa uhleli uvale amehlo.
- Xa behamba, banyathela iinyawo zabo ngamandla emhlabeni baze bahambe ngesandi esithi "thud".
3. I-Vestibular Ataxia
Oku kuchaphazela inkqubo ye-vestibular endlebeni yethu yangaphakathi. Le nkqubo yiyo ebona iintshukumo zentloko yethu kwaye isincede sigcine ibhalansi . Xa le nkqubo yonakele,
- Isiyezi esinzima (iVertigo)
- Isicaphucaphu nokuhlanza
- Umbono ofipheleyo
- Iimpawu zingabandakanya ubunzima bokuma okanye ukuhlala nkqo.
4. Iintlobo zemfuza ze-ataxia
Ezi ziimeko ezingaqhelekanga ezizuzwa kubazali ngokusebenzisa iijini.
- I-Friedreich 's Ataxia: Oku kudla ngokuqala ebuntwaneni, phakathi kweminyaka emi-5-15. Iimpawu ziya zisiba mandundu ngokuhamba kwexesha. Iimpawu zingabandakanya ubunzima bokuhamba, ukulahlekelwa zimvakalelo emilenzeni, intetho engavakaliyo, kunye neengxaki zentliziyo.
- I-Ataxia-telangiectasia: Esi sisifo esingaqhelekanga semfuza esiqala ebuntwaneni. Sibonakala ngokubonakala kwemithambo yegazi emincinci ebomvu efana nesigcawu (imithambo yesigcawu) kwiikona zamehlo okanye ezidleleni. Ukongeza, inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela ibuthathaka.
- I-Spinocerebellar Ataxia (SCA): Kukho iintlobo ezingaphezu kwama-40 zezi. Ezi zibonakala xa umntu emdala kwaye zisiba mandundu kancinci kancinci. Zinokubangela iingxaki ngenkumbulo kunye nengqalelo.
Yintoni ebangela i-ataxia?
Izizathu ze-ataxia zingahlulwa zibe ziintlobo ezintathu.
1. Izizathu zemfuza: Njengoko besitshilo ngaphambili, i-ataxia inokubangelwa yimfuza enesiphene efunyenwe kumzali.
2. Izizathu ezifunyenweyo: Oku kubhekisa kwi-ataxia ebangelwa kukonakala komgogodla okanye kwimithambo-luvo ngenxa yesiganeko okanye isifo ebomini.
- Ukulimala kakhulu entloko
- Istroke okanye ukopha kwegazi ebuchosheni
- Iithumba zobuchopho
- Izifo ze-neurological ezifana ne-multiple sclerosis
- Iingxaki zezinye izifo, ezifana ne-chickenpox
- Ukunqongophala kweVithamin E okanye iB12
- Ukusetyenziswa kotywala ngokugqithisileyo
- Iimpendulo kwamanye amayeza
- Ukutya iityhefu
3. Iimeko ze-Idiopathic: Ngamanye amaxesha, i-ataxia inokwenzeka ngaphandle kwesizathu semfuza okanye esifunyenweyo. Ukuba isizathu esithile asifumaneki nasemva kovavanyo lwezonyango, siwela kolu didi.
Gqirha, uyixilonga njani le nto?
Ukuba uneempawu ze-ataxia, ugqirha wakho uya kwenza iimvavanyo ezininzi ukuze ayixilonge.
- Uvavanyo lomzimba nolwemithambo-luvo: Ukulinganisela kwakho, ukulungelelana, ukuhamba, ukusabela, ukubona, ukuva, kunye nenkumbulo kuya kuhlolwa.
- I-MRI okanye i-CT scan: Olu vavanyo lwemifanekiso lunokujonga ulwakhiwo lobuchopho kwaye lubone umonakalo kwi-cerebellum, ithumba, okanye ezinye iingxaki.
- Uvavanyo lwe-Spinal Fluid: Ngamanye amaxesha, ukubhobozwa kwe-lumbar kungasetyenziselwa ukufumana ulwazi malunga nosulelo okanye ezinye iingxaki ngokuthatha isampuli yolwelo oluvela kumqolo.
- Uvavanyo lweMfuzo: Ukuba kurhanelwa uhlobo oluthile lwe-ataxia oluzuzwa njengelifa, uvavanyo lwegazi lunokuchonga utshintsho lwemfuza olufanelekileyo.
Ziziphi iindlela zonyango lwe-ataxia?
Inyaniso kukuba, akukho nyango luthile lwe-ataxia. Iindlela zonyango zixhomekeke kuhlobo lwe-ataxia onayo kunye nesizathu sayo esiyintloko.
Umzekelo, ukuba i-ataxia yakho ibangelwa kukungabikho kweevithamini, inganyangwa ngokunika iivithamini. Ukuba ibangelwa liyeza, ungaliyeka elo yeza utshintshele kwelinye.
Kwimeko apho unobangela ungenakunyangwa, unyango lunceda ukulawula iimpawu kwaye lwenze ubomi bube lula.
- Amayeza: Amayeza anokunikwa ukulawula iimpawu ezifana nesiyezi, ukuqina kwemisipha, kunye nokungcangcazela.
- Unyango Lomzimba: Kunikezelwa imithambo kunye neengcebiso ukuphucula ulungelelwano kunye nokulungelelaniswa komzimba, kunye nokwenza ukuhamba kube lula.
- Unyango Lomsebenzi: Lufundisa iindlela kunye nezixhobo zokukunceda wenze imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla ngokuzimela, njengokutya nokunxiba.
- Unyango Lokuthetha: Ukuzilolonga kunye neendlela zokuphefumla zisetyenziselwa ukuqinisa izihlunu ezifunekayo ukujongana nentetho engavakaliyo kunye nobunzima bokuginya.
Yintoni onokuyenza xa uphila ne-ataxia?
Ukuphila ne-ataxia kunokuba nzima, kodwa zininzi izinto onokuzenza ukuze wenze ubomi bube lula.
- Izixhobo Ezihambelanayo: Akukho ntloni ekusebenziseni intonga, i-walker, okanye isitulo esinamavili ukukunceda uhambe. Zikunika amandla amaninzi okuhambahamba ngokukhululekileyo. Kukwakho nezinto ezifana nezixhobo zokutya ezikhethekileyo kunye neepeni ezenza kube lula ukubhala.
- Ziphephe utywala neziyobisi: Ezi zingenza iimpawu zakho ze-ataxia zibe zimbi kakhulu, ngoko ke kubalulekile ukuba ungabandakanyeki nazo ngokupheleleyo.
- Umthambo:Thetha nogqirha wakho malunga nokuba zeziphi imithambo efanelekileyo kuwe. Imithambo efanelekileyo inokukunceda uphucule ibhalansi yakho.
- Impilo yengqondo: Ukuphila nale meko kunokuba yingxaki kwaye kunokukwenza uzive ulusizi. Ukuba kuyimfuneko, funa ingcebiso kwaye uthethe nosapho lwakho kunye nabahlobo ngayo.
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukubona ugqirha ngokukhawuleza, ungakhathazeki ngeempawu zakho. Kusenokubakho unobangela olula emva kwezi mpawu onokunyangwa kwaye unyangeke.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Ataxia yingxaki yokulinganisela kunye nokuhamba okubangelwa kukungalawuleki kakuhle kwemisipha. Idla ngokuba luphawu lwesinye isifo.
- Ubunzima bokuhamba, ukuthetha okungacacanga, kunye nobunzima bokuphatha amalungu omzimba zezona mpawu ziphambili.
- I-Ataxia inokubangelwa kukwenzakala entloko, isifo sohlangothi, ukungabikho kweevithamini, ukusetyenziswa kakhulu kotywala, kunye nezizathu zemfuza.
- Ukuba unale mpawu, bonana nogqirha wakho ngokukhawuleza ukuze ufumane unobangela kwaye ufumane unyango olufanelekileyo.
- Unyango lujongana nobangela oyintloko, ngelixa unyango olufana nonyango lomzimba lunceda ukulawula iimpawu kwaye luphile ubomi obungcono.
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