Ingaba une-asthma? Usenokuba usebenzisa i-inhaler yakho njengoko kumiselwe kwaye usela amanye amayeza, kodwa iimpawu zakho ze-asthma aziphucuki. Ukuba ufumana ukuphefumla rhoqo, ukuqina kwesifuba, kunye nokukhohlela, usenokuba ne-asthma ephakathi ukuya kweqatha. Le ndlela intsha yonyango, ebizwa ngokuba yi-'Biologic Therapy', isetyenziselwa ezi meko ze-asthma ezinzima ukuzilawula.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni i-Biologic Therapy?
Olu lunyango lwanamhlanje olujoliswe kwisifo sesifuba esiqatha. Nangona ii-inhalers eziqhelekileyo zivula indlela yomoya okwethutyana kwaye zenze ukuphefumla kube lula, unyango lwebhayoloji luhamba nzulu.
Khawucinge nje, esona sizathu sokuba sibe nesifo sesifuba kukudumba kwindlela yomoya okubangelwa ngomnye umsebenzi wenkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela. Ngoko ke into eyenziwa ngala mayeza ebhayoloji kukujonga ii-antibodies ezithile, iiseli okanye iimolekyuli emzimbeni ezinegalelo kuloo mvukelo kwaye ziyeke ukusebenza kwazo. Ngenxa yoku, isifo sesifuba silawulwa kwinqanaba elisisiseko.
Olu nyango lunikezelwa ngeendlela ezimbini eziphambili. Enye ifakwa njengenaliti phantsi kolusu (inaliti engaphantsi kolusu) kwaye enye ifakwa njenge-intravenous (IV infusion).
Into ebalulekileyo kukuba olu asilonyango oluzimeleyo. Lufanele lusetyenziswe kunye ne-inhaler yakho ekhoyo kunye namanye amayeza e-asthma.
Ngubani ofanelekileyo kolu nyango?
Unyango lwebhayoloji alulonyango lwabo bonke abaguli besifuba. Ugqirha wakho uza kuqwalasela izinto ezininzi ngaphambi kokuba akucebise olu nyango. Itheyibhile engasezantsi iza kukunika umbono olungileyo.
| Iimeko apho unokuthunyelwa khona kwi-Biologic Therapy | |
|---|---|
| Ayilawulwa ngamayeza amiselweyo | Ukuba iimpawu zakho zesifuba azilawuleki nangona usebenzisa i-inhaler yakho oyinikwe ngugqirha kunye namanye amayeza ngokuchanekileyo. |
| Iziphumo zovavanyo lwegazi | Ukuba unezinga eliphezulu le-Eosinophils (iseli emhlophe yegazi ebangela ukudumba emiphungeni) okanye i-IgE (i-antibody enxulumene ne-allergies) egazini lakho. |
| Izinto ezibangela ukuba esi sifo sibe sibi kakhulu | Ukuba uyazi ukuba yintoni ebangela isifo sakho sesifuba, uze uziphephe, kodwa iimpawu ziyaqhubeka. |
| Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo | Ukuba uvuka ezinzulwini zobusuku ukhwehlela, okanye ukuba usebenzisa i-rescue inhaler yakho ngaphezu kwesibini ngeveki. |
| Ukuxakeka rhoqo | Ukuba kufuneka uthabathe iipilisi ze-corticosteroid ngaphezulu kwesibini ngonyaka okanye kufuneka uye kwi-ETU (iYunithi yoNyango oluNgxamisekileyo). |
| Ukulaliswa esibhedlele | Ukuba kufuneka uhlale esibhedlele kwaye ufumane unyango ngenxa yesifo sesifuba. |
Ziziphi iintlobo zamayeza ebhayoloji afumanekayo kwi-asthma?
Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zamayeza ebhayoloji ezivunyiweyo ukuza kuthi ga ngoku. Ngalinye lazo lisebenza ngendlela eyahlukileyo kancinci. Ugqirha wakho uza kukhetha amayeza afanelekileyo kuwe ngokusekelwe kuhlobo lwakho lwesifuba kunye neziphumo zovavanyo lwegazi.
| Igama lesiyobisi | Indlela yokusebenza kunye nokuhanjiswa kwayo | Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga eziqhelekileyo |
|---|---|---|
| I-Omalizumab (Xolair®) | Inyanga isifo sombefu esibangelwa zi-allergies. Ifakwa phantsi kolusu rhoqo emva kweeveki ezi-2-4. | Intlungu yemisipha, iintlungu zamalungu, ukudinwa kakhulu, ukudumba/iintlungu kwindawo yokufakwa inaliti. |
| I-Mepolizumab (iNucala®) | Inyanga i-asthma ye-eosinophilic. Ifakwa phantsi kolusu rhoqo kwiiveki ezi-4. | Intloko ebuhlungu, iintlungu zomqolo, ubuthathaka, ukudinwa, ukudumba/iintlungu kwindawo yokufakwa inaliti. |
| I-Reslizumab (Cinqair®) | Inyanga i-asthma ye-eosinophilic. Inikwa ngemithambo yegazi (IV) rhoqo kwiiveki ezi-4. | Umphimbo obuhlungu, iintlungu zemisipha. |
| I-Benralizumab (iFasenra®) | Inyanga i-asthma ye-eosinophilic. Iidosi zokuqala ezi-3 zinikwa rhoqo emva kweeveki ezi-4, emva koko rhoqo emva kweeveki ezi-8. | Intloko ebuhlungu, umphimbo obuhlungu. |
| I-Dupilumab (i-Dupixent®) | Inyanga i-asthma ye-eosinophilic kunye nezinye izifo ezibangelwa kukudumba. Ijovwa rhoqo kwiiveki ezi-2. | Umphimbo obuhlungu, ukudumba/intlungu kwindawo efakwe kuyo inaliti, ukwanda kwenani leeseli ezimhlophe zegazi. |
| I-Tezepelumab (Tezspire®) | Iyeza elitsha le-asthma enzima. Linciphisa ukudumba. Lifakwa rhoqo kwiiveki ezi-4. | Umphimbo obuhlungu, iintlungu zomqolo, iintlungu zamalungu. |
Ithatha ixesha elingakanani le nyango?
Olu lunyango oluhlala ixesha elide. Kungathatha ubuncinane iinyanga ezi-4-6 ukuze wazi ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba eli yeza liyasebenza na kuwe. Ngoko ke kubalulekile ukuba nomonde ngonyango lwakho.
Ngaba kufuneka ndiqhubeke nokusebenzisa i-inhaler yam?
Ewe, ngokuqinisekileyo.Le yeyona nto ibalulekileyo. Kwanasemva kokuba uqalise unyango lwebhayoloji, ungaze uyeke ukuthatha ii-inhaler zakho kunye namanye amayeza owanikwe ngugqirha wakho. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, ukuba i-asthma yakho ilawulwa kakuhle, ugqirha wakho unokugqiba ekubeni anciphise umthamo wakho we-inhaler. Kodwa oku kufanele kwenziwe kuphela phantsi kwengcebiso kagqirha.
Ziziphi iingenelo kunye neengozi zale ndlela yonyango?
Njengalo naluphi na unyango, olu luneengenelo kunye neengozi ezincinci.
Iingenelo eziphambili:
- Iyanciphisa ukudumba kwindlela yokuphefumla kwaye ilawula ngokufanelekileyo iimpawu zesifuba.
- Umkhuhlane nokukhwehlela rhoqo kuya kuncipha.
- Uza kukwazi ukuzilolonga nokugqiba imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla ngaphandle kokufuna ukusebenza nzima njengangaphambili.
- Inani lamaxesha ovuka ngawo ebusuku liyancipha.
- Imfuneko yokuya kwi-ETU (iYunithi yoNyango oluNgxamisekileyo) ayizukuncipha rhoqo.
- Umgangatho wobomi uya usiba ngcono kakhulu.
Iingozi ezinokubakho:
- Iimpendulo eziqatha ze-allergy: Azifane zenzeke, abanye abantu banokufumana i-allergy enzima (i-anaphylaxis). Yiyo loo nto iidosi zokuqala ezimbalwa zinikwa esibhedlele okanye eklinikhi phantsi kweliso likagqirha.
- Umngcipheko wosulelo lwezibungu: Amayeza anciphisa ii-eosinophils anokunciphisa kancinci amandla omzimba okulwa nezibungu, ingakumbi ii-helminths. Ngoko ke ugqirha wakho uya kukuqwalasela oko ngaphambi kokuba aqalise olu nyango.
Kubalulekile: Musa ukuyeka ukuthatha eli yeza ngequbuliso nangasiphi na isizathu ngaphandle kwengcebiso kagqirha wakho. Ukwenza njalo kunokwenza iimpawu zakho zesifuba zibe zimbi ngakumbi.
Uthetha nini nogqirha wakho
Kwiimeko ezilandelayo, qiniseka ukuba uqhagamshelana nogqirha wakho kwaye umazise.
- Ukuba iimpawu zesifuba aziphucuki okanye azibi mandundu emva kweenyanga ezininzi zonyango.
- Ukuba kuvela iimpawu ezintsha ze-allergy (umz. ukurhawuzelela kwesikhumba, ukurhawuzelela).
- Ukuba unemibuzo okanye iinkxalabo malunga nonyango.
Olu nyango lungafumaneka ngokucetyiswa ngugqirha okhethekileyo, kwiyunithi ekhethekileyo yesibhedlele (iziko lokufaka amayeza) okanye kwikliniki yogqirha okhethekileyo. Olu nyango lunokuba lubiza kancinci. Kodwa ungathetha nogqirha wakho ngalo uze ufumane iinkcukacha ezithe vetshe.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Unyango lweBiologic yindlela yonyango ephucukileyo esetyenziselwa izifo ezinzima zesifuba ekunzima ukuzilawula ngamayeza aqhelekileyo.
- Oku akuyonyango yesifo sesifuba, kodwa kunceda ekulawuleni esi sifo kakuhle.
- Ngelixa ufumana olu nyango, kubalulekile ukuqhubeka usebenzisa i-inhaler yakho kunye nawo onke amanye amayeza achazwe ngugqirha wakho.
- Ukuba olu nyango lufanelekile kuwe okanye alufanelekanga kuya kugqitywa emva kokuqwalasela iimpawu zakho kunye neengxelo ezithile zovavanyo lwegazi.
- Ekubeni kungathatha iinyanga ezininzi ukuba iziphumo zonyango zibonakale, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba nomonde nokulandela imiyalelo kagqirha ngexesha lonyango.
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