Ukulindela umntwana yinto entle kakhulu. Uninzi lwexesha, yinkqubo yendalo. Umama ugqiba umhla wakhe wokuzalwa aze azale umntwana osempilweni . Kungadlulanga usuku okanye ezimbini, uya ekhaya evela esibhedlele aze aqale ubomi nelungu elitsha losapho. Nangona kunjalo, ayizizo zonke iintlungu zokukhulelwa ezithambileyo nezingenazingxaki. Abanye oomama kufuneka bajongane noko oogqirha bakubiza ngokuba "kukukhulelwa okunobungozi obukhulu."
Ngamafutshane, ukukhulelwa okunobungozi obukhulu kukukhulelwa okusemngciphekweni weengxaki ezinokuchaphazela umama, usana, okanye zombini. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, ulwalathiso olukhethekileyo lwezonyango lubalulekile ukuqinisekisa impilo entle yomama nosana.
Ziziphi izinto ezenza ukukhulelwa kube 'semngciphekweni'?
Kukho izizathu ezininzi zokuba ukukhulelwa kuthiwe kuyingozi. Makhe sijonge ngasinye ngokwahlukeneyo.
Ubudala bomama
Le yeyona nto ixhaphakileyo neyona ixhaphakileyo. Ukuba umama ungaphantsi kweminyaka eli-17 okanye ngaphezulu kwama-35 ngexesha lokukhulelwa, umngcipheko weengxaki uphezulu kunoomama abakwiqela leminyaka eliqhelekileyo. Umngcipheko wokuphuma kwesisu kunye neziphene zofuzo kumntwana uyanda, ingakumbi emva kweminyaka engama-40.
Iimeko zempilo ezazikho ngaphambi kokukhulelwa
Ukuba unesifo esithile esikhoyo, sinokuchaphazela nokukhulelwa kwakho. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, kubalulekile ukuthetha nogqirha wakho ngaphambi kokuba ucinge ngokuba nomntwana. Ugqirha wakho angaqhuba uvavanyo olufunekayo, alungise amayeza akho, aze akucebise ngento omawuyenze ukukhusela impilo yakho neyomntwana wakho.
| Iimeko zempilo esele zikhona ezinokubangela umngcipheko wokukhulelwa | |
|---|---|
| Igazi elonyukayo | Isifo semiphunga, sezintso, okanye sentliziyo |
| Isifo seswekile | Uxinzelelo |
| Ukutyeba kakhulu | Izifo ezizikhusela ngokwazo emzimbeni |
| Izifo ezidluliselwa ngesondo (STDs) | Usulelo oluhlala ixesha elide olufana ne-HIV |
Ukongeza, ukuphuphuma kwesisu kwangaphambili, iingxaki ngexesha lokukhulelwa kwangaphambili, okanye imbali yosapho enezifo zemfuza nazo zithathwa njengezinto ezinobungozi .
Izifo ezenzeka ngexesha lokukhulelwa
Ngamanye amaxesha, nokuba usempilweni ngokupheleleyo xa ukhulelwe, usenokuba neengxaki ezintsha zempilo ngexesha lokukhulelwa. Nazi ezintathu zezona zixhaphakileyo.
- I-Preeclampsia: Le yimeko ebonakaliswa luxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, iiproteni kumchamo, kunye nokudumba. Ukuba ayiphathwanga kakuhle, inokuba yingozi kumama nakumntwana. Nangona kunjalo , ngonyango olufanelekileyo, uninzi loomama bazala abantwana abasempilweni . Le meko inokwenzeka ngakumbi ukuba umdala, utyebile, okanye unesifo segazi esiphezulu okanye isifo seswekile ngaphambi kokukhulelwa.
- Isifo Seswekile Sokukhulelwa: Olu luhlobo lwesifo seswekile oluvela kuphela ngexesha lokukhulelwa. Ukuba ulandela isicwangciso sonyango esinikwe ngugqirha wakho ngqo, unokuba nomntwana osempilweni ngaphandle kweengxaki. Olu hlobo lwesifo seswekile ludla ngokuphela emva kokuba umntwana ezelwe. Nangona kunjalo, oomama abanale meko basengozini yokufumana isifo seswekile sohlobo lwesibini kamva ebomini.
- Uxinzelelo: Utshintsho lweehomoni, ukudinwa, kunye neengxaki zasekhaya ngexesha lokukhulelwa zinokubangela uxinezeleko kunye nosizi. Le meko ichaphazela phakathi kwe-14% kunye ne-23% yabasetyhini abakhulelweyo. Oku kunokubangela iingxaki ngexesha lokubeleka kunye nobunzima obuphantsi bokuzalwa. Ngoko ke ukuba uvakalelwa ngolu hlobo, ungabi nazintloni zokuthetha nogqirha wakho ngayo.
Ezinye iingxaki ezinxulumene nokukhulelwa
Ngamanye amaxesha, kunokuba yingozi ngenxa yeengxaki ezivela ekukhulelweni ngokwako, nokuba akukho ngxaki kwimpilo kamama.
- Ukubeletha ngaphambi kwexesha : Ukubeletha kuqala ngaphambi kweeveki ezingama-37 zokukhulelwa. Iintshaba zinokuba neengxaki zempilo.
- Ukuzalwa kwabantwana abaninzi: Ukuthwala abantwana abangaphezu komnye (amawele, amawele amathathu). Oku kwandisa umngcipheko wokuzalwa kwangaphambi kwexesha, isifo seswekile sokukhulelwa, kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu.
- I-Placenta Previa: Kulapho i-placenta igubungela umlomo wesibeleko. Oku kunokubangela ukopha. Ukuba le meko iyaqhubeka nokuba sele isondele ixesha lokubeleka, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa ukuba kwenziwe utyando.
- Iingxaki zomntwana ongekazalwa: Ii-ultrasound scans ngamanye amaxesha zinokubonisa iingxaki ekukhuleni komntwana. Malunga ne-2% - 3% yazo zonke iintsana zineengxaki zokukhula ezincinci okanye ezinkulu.
Ungayijonga njani impilo-ntle yomntwana xa ekhulelwe ngendlela enobungozi?
Kwabomama abakhulelweyo abasengozini enkulu, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa uvavanyo olukhethekileyo lokujonga impilo yosana lwakho olungekazalwa. Lubizwa ngokuba yiBiophysical Profile (BPP) . Oku kudla ngokwenziwa emva kweeveki ezingama-28 zokukhulelwa.
Iprofayili yeBiophysical (BPP) yindibaniselwano yovavanyo olungengoxinzelelo (NST) kunye ne-ultrasound scan.
Uvavanyo lwe-NST lubandakanya ukuncamathisela isixhobo sokujonga esiswini sikamama nokujonga indlela isantya sentliziyo yomntwana esitshintsha ngayo xa esabela kwiintshukumo zomntwana. Uvavanyo lwe-BPP lubonelela ngolwazi oluthe kratya.
| Izinto ezivavanyiweyo kuvavanyo lwe-BPP | Inqaku |
|---|---|
| Ukuphefumla kosana olusandul' ukuzalwa | Into nganye inikwa amanqaku ukusuka ku-0 ukuya ku-2, kwaye isiphumo sibalwa kwi-10. Amanqaku esi-8 okanye i-10 athathwa njengomyinge. |
| Iintshukumo zosana olungekazalwa | |
| Ithoni yosana olusandul' ukuzalwa | |
| Ubungakanani bolwelo olujikeleze umntwana (Umthamo wolwelo lwe-Amniotic) | |
| Iziphumo zovavanyo olungengoxinzelelo (NST) |
Yintoni enokwenziwa ukuthintela nokulawula iingxaki?
Nokuba awunazo iingxaki zempilo okwangoku, kubalulekile ukuba nedibano nogqirha wakho ngaphambi kokuba ukhulelwe ngaphambi kokuba ucinge ngokuba nomntwana. Ngale ndlela, unganciphisa naziphi na iingozi ezinokubakho.
Ezi zinto ziya kukunceda uhlale usempilweni ngalo lonke ixesha lokukhulelwa kwakho:
- Thatha ubuncinane ii-microgram ezingama-400 ze-folic acid yonke imihla ngaphambi nangexesha lokukhulelwa.
- Fumana zonke iigonyo ezicetyiswayo.
- Yitya ukutya okunempilo kwaye ugcine ubunzima bomzimba bufanelekile.
- De ugqirha wakho akuxelele ukuba hayi, yenza umthambo olula ofanelekileyo kuwe.
- Kuphephe ngokupheleleyo ukutshaya, utywala, kunye neziyobisi.
- Sebenzisa amayeza avunyiweyo ngugqirha wakho kuphela.
- Yiya kwiikliniki ngemihla emiselweyo. Ungaphoswa naziintsuku.
- Sebenzisana nogqirha wakho ukulawula iimeko ezifana nesifo seswekile kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu.
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba ukuba uziva into engaqhelekanga, njengentlungu okanye ukopha , yazisa ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko okanye uye kwiSebe lezeMpilo eziNgxamisekileyo (ETU) lesibhedlele esikufutshane.
Ukuba ukukhulelwa kwakho kuthathwa njengomngcipheko ophezulu, ugqirha wakho unokukuthumela kwi- perinatologist , ingcali yokubelekisa kunye ne-gynecologist enoqeqesho olukhethekileyo lokukhulelwa okunobungozi obukhulu. Le ngcali iya kusebenza nabanye oogqirha bakho, abahlengikazi, kunye nabanye oochwephesha bezempilo ukuqinisekisa iziphumo ezilungileyo kuwe nakumntwana wakho.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Ukukhulelwa okunobungozi obukhulu asikokuba ukoyika, kodwa kubalulekile ukukwazi kwaye ube phantsi kweliso elifanelekileyo lezonyango.
- Ukuba ucinga ngokuba nomntwana, qhagamshelana nogqirha wakho kwangaphambili. Ukuba uneengxaki zempilo, kubalulekile ukuba uzilawule ngaphambi kokuba ukhulelwe.
- Landela imiyalelo kagqirha wakho ngqo ngexesha lokukhulelwa kwakho. Musa ukulibazisa ukuya ekliniki.
- Yamkela indlela yokuphila esempilweni. Ukutya okunempilo, ukuzilolonga kancinci, kunye nokuphila kakuhle kwengqondo kubaluleke kakhulu.
- Ukuba ufumana naziphi na iimpawu ezingaqhelekanga, ungaze ulibazise ukuxelela ugqirha wakho. Ngolawulo olufanelekileyo, unokoyisa iingozi ezininzi kwaye uzale umntwana osempilweni.
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