Yintoni i-PET scan (i-Positron Emission Tomography)? Masifunde ngayo ngokulula!

Ugqirha wakho usenokuba ukucebisile ukuba wenze i-PET scan. Abanye abantu bayoyika kancinci igama elithi 'scan' xa besitsho loo nto. Kodwa ngokwenene akukho nto ifanele yoyike. Le yiteknoloji ephucukileyo kakhulu esinceda sibone ukuba kwenzeka ntoni ngaphakathi emizimbeni yethu nendlela izifo eziqhubeka ngayo. Makhe sithethe ngento eyenzeka ngayo, ukuba yenziwa njani, nokuba kufuneka siyoyike na.

Yintoni kanye kanye eyenziwa yi-PET scan?

Ngamafutshane, i-PET scan luvavanyo olukhethekileyo olujonga indlela amalungu kunye nezicubu zomzimba wethu ezisebenza ngayo. Yahlukile kwi-X-ray, i-CT okanye i-MRI scan, kuba ezinye ii-scan zibonisa kuphela imifanekiso yangaphakathi yomzimba. Nangona kunjalo, i-PET scan inokubona nendlela esebenza ngayo iiseli zethu. Ngaphambi kokuba wenze olu vavanyo, ugqirha uza kufaka into ene-radioactive (ebizwa ngokuba yi-'radiotracer' okanye 'tracer') emzimbeni wakho. Oku kufana neyeza elikhethekileyo. Musa ukoyika, akuyi kuwonakalisa umzimba. Emva koko umatshini we-PET scan unokufumanisa indlela le nto ehamba ngayo emzimbeni kunye nendawo eqokelelana kuyo. Ukuba le nto iqokelelana kwindawo ethile, inokuba luphawu lwesifo. Cinga ngalo matshini we-PET scan njenge-donut enkulu. Ibhedi ihamba phakathi kwayo. Uthunyelwa kwi-scan ulele ebhedini. Lo matshini awuvalwanga ngokupheleleyo njengomatshini we-MRI, ngoko ke uninzi lwabantu aluziva luvalelekile.

Ziziphi iindlela zokusebenzisa i-PET scan?

Oogqirha basebenzisa i-PET scan ukuxilonga izifo, ukulungiselela utyando, nokubona ukuba unyango lusebenza kakuhle kangakanani. Isetyenziswa kakhulu kumhlaza, isifo sentliziyo, kunye nezifo zobuchopho.

Ngomhlaza

Iiseli zomzimba wethu zifuna amandla ukuze zisebenze. Iiseli zomhlaza luhlobo lweeseli ezisebenzisa amandla amaninzi kuneeseli eziqhelekileyo. I-PET scan ingafumanisa olu setyenziso luphezulu lwamandla. Emva koko, kumfanekiso we-scan, iindawo apho iiseli zomhlaza zibonakala khona njengeendawo ezikhanyayo . I-PET scan idla ngokubona umhlaza ngaphambi kokuba ezinye iimvavanyo zikwazi. Kwakhona,

• Jonga ukuba umhlaza usasazeke na kwamanye amalungu omzimba.
• Fumanisa ukuba unyango olusetyenziswayo ngoku luyasebenza na.
• Jonga ukuba umhlaza ubuyile na emva konyango.

Kwisifo sentliziyo

I-PET scan ingabonisa indlela esebenza kakuhle ngayo intliziyo yakho. Xa i-'tracer' ekhankanyiweyo ifakwa emzimbeni wakho, iya entliziyweni yakho kunye negazi lakho. I-scan ibonisa ukuba lingakanani igazi elifikelela kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zentliziyo yakho. Ukuba inxalenye ayifumani igazi elaneleyo, ingabonisa ingxaki, efana nomthambo wentliziyo ovalekileyo. Ikwasetyenziselwa ukujonga umonakalo entliziyweni emva kokuhlaselwa yintliziyo.

Kwiimeko Zobuchopho

Ii-PET scans zinokunceda ekuxilongeni izifo ezahlukeneyo ezinxulumene nobuchopho. Umzekelo:

• Isifo sika-Alzheimer
• Isifo sikaParkinson
• Isifo sikaHuntington
• Isifo sokuwa (`Ukuxhuzula`)
• Izibetho
• Iithumba zobuchopho (iithumba)

Yintoni umahluko phakathi kwe-PET, CT, kunye ne-MRI scans?

Kukho ukudideka okukhulu phakathi kwabantu malunga nezi ntlobo zintathu zeskeni. Masiqonde lo mahluko ngokulula ngetafile. Ngenxa yesi sizathu, abanye oogqirha basebenzisa ii-hybrid scans ezibizwa ngokuba yi-PET/CT okanye i-PET/MRI. Ezi scans zinokujonga zombini ulwakhiwo kunye nomsebenzi womzimba kwi-scan enye, ngoko ke iziphumo zichaneke ngakumbi.

Ulungiselela njani ngaphambi kokuba uskene?

Kukho izinto ezimbalwa ekufuneka uzilungiselele ngaphambi kokuba wenze i-PET scan. Ukulandela la manyathelo kubaluleke kakhulu ukuze ufumane iziphumo ezichanekileyo.

Okokuqala, xelela ugqirha wakho ezi zinto:

• Ii-Allergies : Qiniseka ukuba uyasixelela ukuba unayo nayiphi na i-allergies, ingakumbi i-contrast dye, i-iodine , okanye ukutya kwaselwandle.
• Ezinye iimeko zempilo: Ukuba unesifo seswekile , nceda usazise ngaso.
• Amayeza owaselayo: Xelela ugqirha wakho malunga nawo onke amayeza, iivithamini, kunye neemveliso zezityalo oziselayo.

Ukuba ungumfazi, lumka kakhulu ngale nto:

• Ukuba ungumama oncancisayo: Awuyi kukwazi ukuncancisa umntwana wakho de i-tracer iphume ngokupheleleyo emzimbeni wakho. Ngoko ke, kuya kufuneka ukhuphe ubisi lwakho kwaye ulususe. Thetha nogqirha wakho ukuze ufumane ukuba kufuneka uyeke ukuncancisa ixesha elingakanani.
• Ukuba ukhulelwe okanye ukrokrela ukuba ukhulelwe: Oku kubaluleke kakhulu . Izinto ezine-radioactive ezisetyenzisiweyo kwi-scan zinokwenzakalisa umntwana. Ngoko ke yazisa ugqirha wakho ngale nto uze uthethe ngeyona ndlela ifanelekileyo.

Izinto ekufuneka zilandelwe ngosuku olungaphambi kweskeni:

• Musa ukwenza naluphi na uhlobo lomthambo onzima iiyure ezingama-24 ngaphambi kovavanyo.
• Musa ukutya okanye ukusela nantoni na ngaphandle kwamanzi kangangeeyure ezimbalwa ngaphambi kovavanyo.
• Susa zonke izinto zokuhombisa zesinyithi emzimbeni wakho, ezinje ngamacici, imigexo, kunye nemisesane.

Indlela eyenziwa ngayo i-PET scan

Nangona kukho utshintsho oluncinci oluxhomekeke ekubeni kwenziwa phi kwaye kutheni kuskenwa, kudla ngokuba ngolu hlobo: 1. Uza kucelwa ukuba unxibe ilokhwe yesibhedlele. 2. Uza kunikwa ithuba lokuya kwigumbi lokuhlambela ngaphambi kokuba kuskenwe. 3. Emva koko kuza kufakwa i-tracer emzimbeni wakho. Le inganikwa njenge-injection, njengepilisi, okanye njengegesi oyiphefumlayo. 4. Kuya kufuneka ulinde imizuzu engama-30 ukuya kwengama-60 ukuze i-tracer ingene ngokupheleleyo emzimbeni wakho. 5. Emva koko uza kulala ebhedini ye-scanner. Musa ukushukuma okanye ukuthetha ngexesha le-scan.Kuya kufuneka uhlale uthule kakhulu. Oku kungathatha malunga nemizuzu engama-30-60. Usenokuva izandi ezikhalayo neziklikhayo kumatshini ngelixa kuskenwa. Olu luvavanyo olungenabuhlungu. Nangona kunjalo, abanye abantu banokufumana iintlungu emizimbeni yabo ukuba bahlala kwindawo efanayo ixesha elide.

Ngaba kukho naziphi na iingozi okanye iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga?

I-PET scan idla ngokuba luvavanyo olukhuselekileyo, kodwa kukho iingozi ezithile kunye nokungonwabi okunokwenzeka.

• Abantu abane- claustrophobia (uloyiko lweendawo ezivalekileyo) banokukufumanisa kunzima ukuba ngaphakathi komatshini. Nangona kunjalo, ugqirha wakho angakunika iyeza lokukugcina uzolile ngamaxesha anjalo.
• Ukuba umntu onesifo seswekile akakwazi ukulawula amanqanaba eswekile egazini lakhe, iziphumo zovavanyo zisenokungachaneki.
• Kusenokubakho iintlungu okanye ukubomvu apho kufakwe khona i-tracer.
• Kunqabile kakhulu ukuba kubekho iimpembelelo ze-allergic kwi-tracer, kodwa zihlala zincinci.
• Kwakhona, i-PET scan ayizukwenziwa kumama okhulelweyo okanye oncancisayo.

Masibone iziphumo.

Xa iziphumo ze-PET scan zibuya, iindawo ezinomsebenzi ophezulu weeseli zibonakala njengamabala akhanyayo. Oku kunokuba luphawu lwesifo. Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba isiphumo esihle kwi-PET scan asisoloko sithetha ukuba kukho umhlaza. Isenokuba lusulelo, ukudumba, okanye iqhuma elingelona umhlaza. Kwakhona, ukuba usandul’ utyando, i-chemotherapy, okanye i-radiation, oko kunokuchaphazela iziphumo. Ngoko ke, musa ukuxhalabela ukufumana umfanekiso opheleleyo wento ethethwa ziziphumo xa uzifumana. Ugqirha wakho uza kuthelekisa iziphumo nezinye iingxelo zovavanyo, a-ode ezinye iimvavanyo ukuba kuyimfuneko, aze akuchazele yonke into. I-PET scan, i-Positron Emission Tomography, umhlaza, isifo sentliziyo, isifo sobuchopho, uvavanyo lwezonyango, i-CT scan, i-MRI scan, i-PET scan