Sonke sijongana neengozi ezincinci kubomi bethu bemihla ngemihla, akunjalo? Ngamanye amaxesha siyawa kwiibhayisekile zethu, sibetheke entloko xa sidlala, okanye sityibilike xa senza imisebenzi yasekhaya. Uninzi lwexesha, siyalibala ngezi zinto "njengemivumbo nje encinci." Kodwa ezinye iingozi zentloko azilula ukucinga ngazo. Kuba zinokuchaphazela ingqondo yethu kwaye zinokuba ziimeko ezinzulu ezinokuchaphazela ubomi bethu. Namhlanje, sithetha ngokulimala kwengqondo okunjalo, okanye oko kwaziwa ngokwezonyango ngokuba yi- 'Traumatic Brain Injury ' (TBI).
Kalula nje, yintoni iTBI?
Ingozi Yobuchopho Ebuhlungu (i-TBI) kukulimala kwengqondo yethu okubangelwa kukubetheka, ukungqubana, okanye ukubetheka ngequbuliso entloko. Cinga ngayo, ingqondo yethu sisitho esibuthathaka kakhulu, esifana nejeli. Sikhuselwe ngaphakathi kwentloko. Kodwa xa sibetheka kakhulu entloko, ukothuka kunokubangela ukuba ingqondo ihambe ngasemva nangaphambili ngaphakathi kwentloko ize ibethe eludongeni. Oku kungonakalisa iiseli zemithambo-luvo ezibuthathaka engqondweni, kubangele ukopha ngaphakathi kwengqondo, okanye kubangele ukuba ingqondo idumbe. Oku sikubiza ngokuba yi-TBI.
Uninzi lwexesha, olu hlobo lokulimala lunokunyangeka kwaye lunyangeke. Nangona kunjalo, ezinye iingozi ezinkulu zinokuba nemiphumo yexesha elide kubomi bakho bemihla ngemihla, emzimbeni, engqondweni nakwiimvakalelo.
Zithini izizathu eziphambili zokulimala kwengqondo okunjalo?
Zininzi izizathu ezenzakalisa ingqondo . Phakathi kwazo, ezi zezinye zezona zizathu ziphambili nezixhaphakileyo kweli lizwe lethu.
- Iingozi zendlela: Iingozi zemoto, isithuthuthu (ibhayisekile), isithuthi esinamavili amathathu (isithuthi esinamavili amathathu), kunye neebhayisekile zezona zinto zibangela oku.
- Ukuwa: Ingakumbi abantu abadala nabantwana abancinci banokuwa baze babetheke entloko xa betyibilika baze bawe ekhaya okanye kwigumbi lokuhlambela.
- Iingozi zemidlalo : Ukwenzakala entloko kunokwenzeka xa kudlalwa imidlalo efana nekhilikithi, ibhola ekhatywayo, ibhoksi, kunye neragbi.
- Ubundlobongela: Oku kunokubangelwa zizinto ezifana nokuhlaselwa, ubundlobongela basekhaya, ukudubula, ukuqhuma kweebhombu, kunye ne-shaking baby syndrome.
Ingozi efana nale inokubangela ukuba umntu alahlekelwe zingqondo, alahlekelwe yinkumbulo okwethutyana, azive edidekile kangangeeveki, okanye ade awe kwi-coma.
Ziziphi iintlobo eziphambili zokulimala kwengqondo?
Ukulimala kwengqondo kunokwahlulwahlulwa zibe ziindidi ezimbini eziphambili: ukungena ngaphakathi kunye nokungangeni. Ukongeza, kukho ezinye iintlobo ezithile. Masiziqonde ngokucacileyo ezi.
| Uhlobo Lokwenzakala | Ingcaciso elula |
|---|---|
| I-TBI engena ngaphakathi | Into efana nembumbulu, into ebukhali, okanye iqhekeza lekhaka eliphukileyo elingena ekhakayini lize lingene engqondweni. |
| I-TBI engangeniyo | Ukubetheka okukhulu okuvela ngaphandle kubangela ukuba ingqondo ishukume ngaphakathi kwentloko. Oku kubangelwa kakhulu ziingozi zemoto okanye ukuwa. |
| Ukuxinana kwengqondo | Olu lolona hlobo luqhelekileyo lweTBI. Ngokuqhelekileyo ayisongeli ubomi, kodwa inokuba yingozi. Kungathatha iintsuku ezimbalwa ukuba iimpawu zibonakale. |
| Ukubola kobuchopho | Ukugruzuka kwezicubu zobuchopho, okubangela ukopha. Ukuba igruzuka likhulu, kunokufuneka utyando. |
| I-Hematoma (igazi eliqhekekileyo engqondweni) | Ukuqhekeka kwegazi engqondweni kubangela ukuba umthambo wegazi engqondweni uqhume, nto leyo ebangela ukuba igazi liqokeleleke ngaphakathi okanye kufutshane nobuchopho. Oku kuyingozi kakhulu kuba ukuqhekeka kwegazi kunokutyhala ingqondo. |
| Ukwaphuka Kwentloko | Ukubethwa kakhulu kunokwaphula okanye kwaphule ithambo ekhayeni. Oku kungonakalisa izicubu zobuchopho kunye nemithambo yegazi. |
Zithini iimpawu zolu hlobo lwengozi?
Iimpawu zokwenzakala entloko zinokubonakala kwangoko, emva kweeyure okanye iintsuku. Iimpawu ziyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kubukhulu bengozi.
Iimpawu zeTBI encinci
- Intloko ebuhlungu
- Isicaphucaphu okanye ukuhlanza
- Ukudinwa, ukozela
- Ukuquleka okanye ukuziva ungenakunceda
- Umbono ofipheleyo , ukhala ezindlebeni
- Ukulahlekelwa yingqondo okwethutyana (ukusuka kwimizuzwana embalwa ukuya kwimizuzu embalwa)
- Iingxaki zememori, ukudideka
Iimpawu zengozi enkulu (i-TBI ephakathi ukuya kwenzima)
Ukuba unayo nayiphi na kwezi mpawu, yiya kwiSebe lezeMpilo eziNgxamisekileyo (ETU) esibhedlele ngoko nangoko. Le yimeko engxamisekileyo!
- Ukungaqondi kakuhle imizuzu okanye iiyure
- Intloko ebuhlungu enganyamezelekiyo eba mandundu ngokuhamba kwexesha
- Ukuhlanza okuphindaphindiweyo
- Ulwelo olucacileyo (ulwelo lwe-cerebrospinal) oluphuma empumlweni okanye endlebeni
- Ukwandiswa kweliso elinye okanye omabini kunye neliso elimnyama
- Ukungathethi kakuhle, ukungathintitha xa uthetha
- Ubuthuntu okanye ubuthathaka kwimilenze
- Ukuxhuzula
- Awukwazi ukuvuka nokuba uthetha kangakanani
Iimpawu ezibonakaliswa ngabantwana abancinci xa kusenzeka into efana nale
Iintsana nabantwana abazi ukuba bangakuxelela njani ukuba kwenzeka ntoni kubo. Yiyo loo nto thina njengabazali kufuneka silumke kakhulu. Ukuba umntwana wakho ubethe entloko, khangela ezi mpawu:
- Ukukhala okuqhubekayo
- Ukwala ukusela ubisi okanye ukutya
- Ayidlali njengesiqhelo
- Utshintsho kwiindlela zokulala (ukulala kakhulu okanye ukungakwazi ukulala)
- Umsindo okhawulezileyo, ukuphazamiseka
- Ukuhlanza okanye ukuxhuzula
Ufanele ufune nini ingcebiso kagqirha?
Impendulo elula yile: Nokuba ungenzakele kancinci entloko, kusoloko kububulumko ukubona ugqirha ukuze akuhlole. Ngamanye amaxesha, nokuba akukho nto ibonakalayo ngaphandle, kunokubakho umonakalo omkhulu owenzekayo ngaphakathi kwengqondo.
Ingakumbi ukuba kukho iimpawu zengozi enkulu njengoko bekutshiwo ngaphambili, thatha isigulana usise kwiYunithi yoNyango oluNgxamisekileyo (ETU) yesibhedlele ngaphandle kokulibazisa.
Ugqirha uyifumana njani le nto?
Ugqirha uza kuqala akubuze wena okanye umntu oze nesigulana malunga nendlela eyenzeke ngayo ingozi. Emva koko baza kwenza uvavanyo lwemithambo-luvo. Oku kuza kujonga amandla akho okuhamba, ukulinganisela, ukuthetha, ukubona, nokukhumbula.
Ukongeza, iimvavanyo ezinje ngezi zisetyenziselwa ukujonga ingaphakathi lobuchopho:
- Iskeni ye-CT:Oku kunokubona ngokukhawuleza izinto ezifana nokopha kwegazi ebuchotsheni, ukudumba, kunye nokuqhekeka kwentloko. Kusetyenziswa kakhulu kwiimeko ezingxamisekileyo.
- I-MRI Scan: Oku kunokubona ngokucacileyo umonakalo kwizicubu ezibuthathaka zobuchopho.
Zithini iindlela zonyango?
Unyango lumiselwa bubungakanani bengozi.
Unyango lwengozi encinci (i-TBI encinci)
Unyango oluphambili lokwenzakala okuncinci kukuphumla . Ukuphumla kwengqondo kubaluleke njengokuphumla ngokwasemzimbeni. Oku kuthetha ukunciphisa imisebenzi ecinezela ingqondo, njengokubukela iTV, ukusebenzisa ifowuni, nokufunda iincwadi, kangangeentsuku ezimbalwa. Ugqirha uza kukunika amayeza okudambisa iintlungu xa uphethwe yintloko. Musa ukuya kwimisebenzi eqhelekileyo (emsebenzini, esikolweni) de ugqirha wakho akuxelele ukuba uye.
Unyango lweTBI enzima
Le yingxamiseko yezonyango. Esibhedlele, oogqirha baqala bazama ukusindisa ubomi besigulana.
- Ukugcina ukuphefumla okuzinzileyo kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi.
- Ukuqinisekisa ukuba ingqondo ifumana ioksijini eyaneleyo.
- Ukunika amayeza (umz. amayeza okukhupha umchamo) ukunciphisa ukudumba kunye noxinzelelo engqondweni.
- Ukunika amayeza okuthintela ukuxhuzula.
- Kwezinye iimeko, utyando lunokufuneka. Umzekelo, ukususa ihlwili legazi engqondweni, ukulungisa ukwaphuka kwentloko, okanye ukwenza umngxuma omncinci entlokweni ukuze kuncitshiswe uxinzelelo engqondweni.
Iziphumo zexesha elide ezinokwenzeka emva kwengozi
Iziphumo zexesha elide zinokwenzeka emva kokwenzakala okukhulu kwengqondo. Ezi ziquka iingxaki zokukhumbula, ubunzima bokugxininisa, ukukhubazeka kokufunda, ubunzima bokulawula iimvakalelo (ukuqhuma komsindo ngequbuliso, iingcinga ezibuhlungu), kunye neengxaki zokuthetha.
Isifo Sesibini Sokuchaphazeleka: Esi sisifo esiyingozi kakhulu. Ukuba ukubethwa kwentloko okwesibini kwenzeka ngaphambi kokuba ukwenzakala kwengqondo (ingakumbi ukuxhuzula kwengqondo) kuphole ngokupheleleyo, kunokubangela ukuba ingqondo idumbe ngokukhawuleza kwaye ibulale. Ke ngoko, kubalulekile ukuba uziphephe ngokupheleleyo izinto ezinobungozi ezifana nemidlalo de ukwenzakala kokuqala kuphole ngokupheleleyo.
Ukuvuselelwa kwengqondo kubaluleke kakhulu emva kweengozi ezinkulu. Ngoncedo lweengcali ezahlukeneyo, ezinje ngeengcali zonyango lomzimba kunye neengcali zokuthetha, amandla alahlekileyo anokwakhiwa kwakhona.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Nakuphi na ukwenzakala entloko, nokuba kuncinci kangakanani na, akufanele kungananzwa. Kusenokuba sisiqalo sokwenzakala kwengqondo okubuhlungu kakhulu (TBI).
- Ukuba uneempawu ezifana nokuhlanza okuphindaphindiweyo, intloko ebuhlungu enganyamezelekiyo, ukulahlekelwa yingqondo, okanye ukuphuma kolwelo endlebeni/empumlweni, yiya kwiSebe lezeMpilo eziNgxamisekileyo (ETU) lesibhedlele ngoko nangoko.
- Eyona nto ingcono onokuyenza kukuzikhusela kwiingozi. Nxiba isigcina-ntloko xa uqhuba ibhayisekile, nxiba ibhanti yesihlalo xa uqhuba imoto, kwaye ukhusele abantu abadala nabantwana abancinci ekuweni.
- Ngonyango olufanelekileyo lwezonyango kunye nokuvuselelwa, ungaphila kwi-TBI. Landela imiyalelo kagqirha wakho rhoqo.
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