Ngaba ukhe weva ngephaphu eliwileyo? (Pneumothorax/Collapsed Lung) Masithethe ngale nto!

Ngaba wakha weva ngephaphu eliwa ngequbuliso? Ngamanye amaxesha kunokuba nzima ukuphefumla kwaye kubangele iintlungu esifubeni. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-"pneumothorax" okanye "iphaphu eliwayo " ngokwezonyango. Enyanisweni akunqabile njengoko unokucinga. Ngoko ke, kubalulekile ukukwazi oku. Makhe sithethe ngako ngokweenkcukacha kwaye namhlanje, akunjalo?

Yintoni i-pneumothorax? Ngamafutshane...

Ngamafutshane, i-pneumothorax kukuqokelelana komoya kwindawo ephakathi kwemiphunga yakho nodonga lwesifuba sakho (esibizwa ngokuba yi-"pleural space") . Cinga ngemiphunga yakho njengebhaluni. Indawo ye-pleural yindawo encinci phakathi kwebhaluni kunye nebhokisi ephethe ibhaluni. Ngokwesiqhelo, akukho moya mkhulu kule ndawo. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba le ndawo ye-pleural ngandlela thile izaliswa ngumoya, umoya utyhala imiphunga. Kufana nokukhupha ibhaluni uze uyibangele ukuba iphume umoya. Oku kunokubangela ukuba imiphunga iwele ngokupheleleyo okanye kancinci. Abanye abantu babiza oku ngokuthi "yimiphunga ebhoboziweyo."

Into ebalulekileyo kukuba i-pneumothorax ngamanye amaxesha inokuba yingxaki yezonyango . Ukuba uziva ngathi imiphunga yakho iyawa, kufuneka uye kwicandelo lezonyango elikufutshane nawe ngokukhawuleza.

Ngaba kukho iintlobo ze-pneumothorax?

Ewe, kukho iintlobo ezimbini eziphambili ze-pneumothorax: Ezenzekelayo kunye neyokuThazeka . Masibone ukuba zeziphi ezi.

1. I-Pneumothorax ezenzekelayo

Oku kwenzeka xa imiphunga iwela ngokuzenzekelayo ngaphandle kokwenzakala okanye ingozi. Kukwakho nezinye iintlobo zezi zinto:

• I-pneumothorax engaqhelekanga: Kule nto, akukho sifo okanye imeko ebangela ukuba imiphunga iwe. Ngamanye amaxesha iingxowa zomoya ezincinci nezingaqhelekanga (iiblebs ) emiphungeni zinokuqhuma kwaye umoya ungangena kwindawo ye-pleural. Oku kunokwenzeka kakhulu kumadoda amade, amancinci, aselula.
• I-pneumothorax yesibini engaqhelekanga: Oku kwenzeka ngenxa yesifo semiphunga . Umzekelo, ezinye izifo zemiphunga zinokubangela ukuba iindawo ezithile zemiphunga zivaleke, zenze iingxowa ezifana nebhaluni (ii-bullae) ezinokuqhuma.

2. I-Pneumothorax Ebuhlungu

Njengoko igama lisitsho, oku kwenzeka ngenxa yokwenzakala okanye unyango.

• UkwenzakalaI-pneumothorax enxulumene nokwenzakala: Le meko inokwenzeka ngenxa yokwenzakala esifubeni, njengokwaphuka kwembambo kwingozi yemoto, ukugqobhoka komphunga, okanye inxeba lokuhlatywa.
• Iatrogenic pneumothorax: Ngamanye amaxesha, ngexesha lenkqubo yezonyango, njengokuthatha isampuli encinci yomphunga ukuze ivavanywe ( i- biopsy yemiphunga ) okanye ukufaka ityhubhu kumthambo omkhulu entanyeni (umgca wemithambo ephakathi), umphunga unokwenzakala ngengozi.

Kukho ezinye iintlobo ezithile ze-pneumothorax:

• I-Thension pneumothorax: Le yimeko eyingozi kakhulu efuna unyango olukhawulezileyo . Okwenzekayo apha kukuba umoya ungena kwindawo ye-pleural, kodwa akukho ndlela yokuphuma. Kufana nevalvu yendlela enye. Emva koko uxinzelelo olungaphakathi esifubeni luyanda kakhulu , lungabangeli nje kuphela ukuba imiphunga iwele ngakumbi, kodwa lukwabeka uxinzelelo entliziyweni nakwimithambo yegazi emikhulu. Oku kunokuba yingozi ebomini.
• I-Catamenial pneumothorax: Le yimeko engaqhelekanga kakhulu. Inokwenzeka kubafazi abane- endometriosis (ukukhula kwezicubu ze-endometrial ngaphandle kwesibeleko). Le zicubu zinokukhula kwindawo ye-pleural, zophe ngexesha lomjikelo wokuya esikhathini, kwaye zicinezele imiphunga.

Ingakanani ingozi yokuwa komphunga?

Ubunzima boku buxhomekeke kwisizathu kunye nokuba umphunga uwile kangakanani. Ezinye iimeko ezincinci azinzima kwaye zinokuzilungisa ngokwazo. Kodwa ezinye, ingakumbi i-tension pneumothorax , ziimeko ezinzima ezifuna unyango olungxamisekileyo. Ugqirha angakuxelela ngqo ukuba umphunga wakho uwile kangakanani kwaye loluphi unyango olufunekayo.

Zithini iimpawu ze-pneumothorax?

Xa imiphunga iwela, iimpawu ezifana nezi:

• Intlungu kwelinye icala lesifuba , ingakumbi xa uphefumla.
• Ukukhwehlela.
• Ukuphefumla ngokukhawuleza .
• Isantya sentliziyo siyanda.
• Ukudinwa, ukudinwa.
• Ubunzima bokuphefumla ("ukuphelelwa ngamandla").
• Ukutshintsha kombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kolusu, imilebe, okanye iinzipho ( "i-cyanosis" ) – Oku kuthetha ukuba umzimba awufumani ioksijini eyaneleyo.

Ukuba unale mpawu, yiya esibhedlele esikufutshane ngokukhawuleza.Kunokufuneka unyango olukhawulezileyo .

Zithini izizathu ze-pneumothorax?

Kukho izizathu ezintathu eziphambili: iimeko ezithile zempilo, ukwenzakala, kunye nezinye izinto ezibangela indlela yokuphila.

Iimeko zonyango:

• Isifuba
• Ukukrala kwemiphunga
• I-COPD (Isifo esingapheliyo sokuvaleka kwemiphunga)
• Isifo semithambo yegazi seCollagen
• Icystic fibrosis
• I-Emphysema
• Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
• Umhlaza wemiphunga
• I-Lymphangioleiomyomatosis
• Isifo sephepha
• I-Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS )

Ukulimala:

• Ukwenzakala ngamandla angabonakaliyo esifubeni.
• Ukudubula ngesibhamu.
• Ukwenzakala okubangelwa sisixhobo esibukhali, njengenxeba lokuhlatywa.
• Unyango lwezonyango, umzekelo, ukuvalwa kwemithambo-luvo , i-lung biopsy, indawo ephakathi kwemithambo-luvo , okanye umoya ongeniswa ngomatshini .

Izinto ezichaphazela indlela yokuphila:

• Ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi, ingakumbi iziyobisi ezifuthwayo.
• Ukutshaya.
• Utshintsho olukhulu loxinzelelo lomoya olwenzeka ngexesha lokuhamba ngenqwelomoya.
• Ukuntywila elwandle okanye elwandle olunzulu.

Ngubani osengozini enkulu yokuba nale meko?

Usenokuba namathuba amaninzi okufumana i-pneumothorax ukuba:

• Ukuba kukho umntu kusapho lwakho okhe waba ne-pneumothorax ngaphambili (imbali yosapho).
• Ngexesha lokukhulelwa.
• Ukuba unomzimba omde nobhityileyo, ingakumbi ukuba uyindoda.
• Ukuba unezifo zezicubu ezidityanisiweyo ezifana neMarfan syndrome .
• Ukuba une -endometriosis .

Ziziphi iingxaki ezinokubakho xa umphunga uwile?

Nangona uninzi lweemeko zokuwa kwemiphunga ziphela ngaphandle kweengxaki, abanye abantu banokuba neengxaki ezinkulu. Ezi ziquka:

• Ukwanda kwakhona kwe-pulmonary edema .
• Ukonakala kwemiphunga okanye usulelo ngexesha lonyango.
• Ukungaphumeleli kokuphefumla .
• Ukumelwa yintliziyo (Ukumelwa yintliziyo).

Ifunyanwa njani i-pneumothorax?

Oogqirha badla ngokuxilonga oku ngokumamela imiphunga yakho nokusebenzisa iimvavanyo zomfanekiso ezifana ne -chest X-rays , i-CT scans ( i-computed tomography scans ), okanye i-lung ultrasound . Ngamanye amaxesha banokwenza uvavanyo "lwegesi yegazi yemithambo" ukujonga amanqanaba eoksijini kunye nekharbon dioxide egazini lakho.

Ugqirha wakho uza kukubuza ngeemeko zakho zemiphunga aze akuhlole ngokwasemzimbeni. Ezinye iintlobo, ezifana ne-tension pneumothorax, zinokufunyaniswa ngokusekwe kwiimpawu zodwa.

Iphathwa njani i-pneumothorax?

Unyango olufumanayo luya kuxhomekeka kwisizathu, ubungakanani, kunye nobunzima be-pneumothorax. Olu nyango lungabandakanya:

• Ukuqwalaselwa: Ukuba i-pneumothorax yakho incinci, ugqirha wakho uza kukujonga, ekhangela naziphi na iingxaki zentliziyo okanye zokuphefumla, aze akucele ukuba ubuye ukuze ubuye kutyelelo olulandelayo.
• Unyango lweoksijini.
• I-Thoracentesis: Oku kuquka ukufaka inaliti yexeshana phakathi kweembambo ecaleni kwe-pneumothorax ukuze kususwe umoya oqokelelene esifubeni.
• Ukukhupha amanzi kwityhubhu yesifuba: Ukuba une-pneumothorax enkulu, ugqirha wakho uza kubeka ityhubhu ( ityhubhu yesifuba ) esifubeni sakho ukunciphisa ubungakanani bomoya kwindawo ye-pleural. Njengoko uxinzelelo lomoya lusehla, imiphunga inokuphinda ivutheleke kwaye iphiliswe. Le tyhubhu inokushiywa endaweni yayo iintsuku ezininzi okanye ngaphezulu.
• I-Pleurodesis yeKhemikhali: Ukuthintela ukuba imiphunga ingawi kwakhona, ugqirha unokwenza inkqubo ebizwa ngokuba yi -pleurodesis . Kule nkqubo, ugqirha wenza utyando oluncinci esifubeni aze afake ityhubhu. Emva koko, esebenzisa ikhemikhali (efana ne -doxycycline okanye i-talcum powder) , imiphunga iqhagamshelwe kwindawo engaphakathi esifubeni. Oku kususa indawo eyongezelelweyo.

Abanye abantu banokudinga utyando ukuze kulungiswe umonakalo owenzekileyo emiphungeni yabo kwaye baphile. Utyando lunokufuneka kwiimeko ezilandelayo:

• Ukuba umoya uyaqhubeka nokuvuza kwityhubhu yesifuba.
• Ukuba imiphunga ayivutheli nasemva kokuba ityhubhu yesifuba ifakiwe.
• Ukuba imiphunga iyafinyela ngokuphindaphindiweyo.
• Ukuba kukho i-pneumothorax kwimiphunga yomibini.
• Ukuba imiphunga yonakele kakhulu.

Ngaba i-pneumothorax ingathintelwa?

Ungenza ezi zinto ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokuwa komphunga:

• Musa ukutshaya. Le yeyona nto ibalulekileyo.
• Ziphephe okanye uzinciphise izinto ezibandakanya utshintsho olukhulu kuxinzelelo lomoya (njengokuntywila elwandle olujulileyo, ukuhamba emoyeni). Ukuba wenza ezi zinto, landela icebiso likagqirha wakho.
• Ukuba unesifo semiphunga, bona ugqirha wakho rhoqo ukuze akujonge.

Nangona kunjalo, ukuba uneengxaki ezithile zempilo okanye imbali yosapho lwakho ye-pneumothorax, kusenokwenzeka ukuba akunakwenzeka ukuyithintela.

Yintoni onokuyilindela ukuba une-pneumothorax?

Ukuba umphunga wakho uwile, kunokufuneka uhlale esibhedlele iintsuku ezimbalwa okanye ngaphezulu ukuze ufumane unyango nokujonga. Ugqirha wakho angajonga imeko yakho aze akunike ioksijini ukuba kuyimfuneko.

Kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuba umphunga uphole?

Kwiimeko ezininzi, imiphunga ingaphiliswa kwiintsuku ezimbalwa ukuya kwiiveki ezimbini. Umzimba wakho uza kuphinda ufunxe umoya ongaphezulu oqokelelene nemiphunga, nto leyo evumela ukuba ivutheleke kwakhona.

Ngaba imiphunga ingaphola ngokupheleleyo?

Uninzi lwabantu luyachacha kule meko ngaphandle konyango olukhulu. Nangona kunjalo, kukho ithuba lokuba iya kuphinda ivele. Ngoko ke, thetha nogqirha wakho malunga namathuba okuphinda ivele kunye nento omawuyenze ukuba iimpawu zibuya.

Ngaba i-pneumothorax iyingozi ebomini?

Amanye amatyala e-pneumothorax anokuba yingozi ebomini. Ngoko ke, ungaze uyithathe lula imiphunga ewileyo. Soloko ufuna uncedo lwezonyango.

Ndingazinyamekela njani?

Emva kokuba ubuye ekhaya uvela esibhedlele, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuzinyamekela njengoko ugqirha wakho ekuxelela. Basenokukuxelela ukuba uphumle, unciphise okanye uyeke imisebenzi ethile. Umzekelo:

• Ukutshaya.
• Iinqwelomoya.
• Ukuntywila elwandle olunzulu.

Emva kokuba ubuyele ekhaya, qiniseka ukuba uya kugqirha yonke imihla ecwangcisiweyo.

Ndifanele ndimbone nini ugqirha wam?

Bona ugqirha wakho ukuba iimpawu zakho ziyaphinda zibuye okanye ziya zisiba mandundu. Ukuba ukhe wane-pneumothorax ngaphambili, usengozini yokufumana enye.

Ndingaya nini kwiSebe leeNgxamiseko (i-ETU)?

Ukuba uneempawu zokuwa komphunga (ezifana neentlungu zesifuba, ubunzima bokuphefumla), yiya kwigumbi likaxakeka ngokukhawuleza. Ungadinga unyango olukhawulezileyo.

Ndingayibuza yiphi imibuzo ugqirha wam?

Kunganceda ukubuza ugqirha wakho imibuzo efana nale:

• Yintoni ebangela ukuba imiphunga yam inciphe?
• Ngaba kukho into endinokuyenza ukuthintela ukuba umphunga ungaphinde unciphe?
• Ziziphi iindlela zonyango endinazo?
• Ukuba kufuneka ndifake ityhubhu yesifuba, iza kuhlala ixesha elingakanani ngaphakathi?
• Ngaba ndiza kuyidinga ioksijini eyongezelelweyo?
• Ngaba kuya kufuneka ndihlale esibhedlele?
• Luhlobo luni lonyango endiya kulufuna emva konyango?
• Luhlobo luni lonyango endiya kulufuna emva kokuphuma esibhedlele okanye ekliniki?
• Yintoni endingafanele ndiyenze emva konyango?

Okokugqibela, khumbula (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Kwiimeko ezininzi, i-pneumothorax inokunyangeka ngonyango oluncinci.Nakuphi na ukuwa kwemiphunga kufuneka kuthathwe njengengxaki yezonyango ude wazi ngakumbi ngayo. Ukuba uneempawu zokuwa kwemiphunga, njengeentlungu zesifuba okanye ubunzima bokuphefumla, funa uncedo lwezonyango ngoko nangoko. Ugqirha wakho angakumisela unyango olulungele wena. Musa ukoyika, kodwa ungalibazisi. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukwenza ngokukhawuleza.