Ngaba wakha waziva ngathi uphelelwa ngumoya, isifuba sakho siqinile, okanye unengxaki yokuphefumla? Oku sikubiza ngokuba yi-short breath, okanye i-dyspnea, ngokwezonyango. Abanye abantu bakubiza ngokuba yi-"short breath" okanye "short breath." Kuqhelekile ukuziva uphelelwa ngumoya xa uzilolonga nzima, unyuka izinyuko, okanye xa unesifo somkhuhlane. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba le meko iyenzeka rhoqo okanye iyenzeka nokuba uphumle, inokuba luphawu lwengxaki yempilo.
Yintoni i-Dyspnea? Masiyiqonde ngokulula.
Ngamafutshane, i-Dyspnea ligama elisetyenziswa ngoogqirha xa bethetha ngobunzima bokuphefumla. Ayisosifo, kodwa luphawu. Njengomkhuhlane. Umkhuhlane awusosifo, kodwa luphawu losulelo okanye esinye isifo. Le yindlela esibizwa ngayo esi sifo.
Ungaziva oku ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo:
- Ukuziva uphelelwa ngumphefumlo (indlala yomoya).
- Ukuziva uxinene kwaye uxinekile esifubeni.
- Kufuneka usebenze nzima kunesiqhelo ukuze uphefumle.
- Ukungakwazi ukuphefumla nzulu.
Oku kungaba luphawu oluphambili lwesifo semiphunga nesentliziyo ngokukodwa. Kungabonakala nakwiimeko ezifana ne-asthma, i-allergies, kunye nexhala.
Amanye amagama amabini anxulumene nokuphefumla kancinci
Ugqirha wakho angasebenzisa la magama, ngoko ke masifunde okuncinci ngale nto.
- I-Paroxysmal Nocturnal Dyspnea (PND): Le yimeko eyahlukileyo. Kule meko, uvuka ngequbuliso unobunzima bokuphefumla emva kweyure okanye ezimbini emva kokulala.
- Ukuphelelwa ngamandla kokuphefumla: Oku kulapho uphefumla ngokuphindaphindiweyo (ukuphefumla ngokunzulu) ukuze unciphise ukuphefumla okuncinci.
Iindlela ezimbini eziphambili apho ubunzima bokuphefumla buvela khona
Le meko ye-Dyspnea inokwahlulwa ibe ziintlobo ezimbini eziphambili ngokusekelwe kwisantya sokuqala kunye nobude bexesha. Izizathu zezi zimbini nazo zinokwahluka. Masiyijonge ngale ndlela ukuze siyiqonde lula.
| Imeko | Inkcazo | Izizathu eziqhelekileyo |
|---|---|---|
| Ukuphelelwa ngamandla okuphefumla | Oku kuqala ngequbuliso kwaye kuthathe ixesha elifutshane (ukusuka kwiiyure ezimbalwa ukuya kwiintsuku ezimbalwa). | Ii-aleji, uxinzelelo, umthambo, umkhuhlane, umkhuhlane. Izizathu ezinzulu ngakumbi: ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo, i-anaphylaxis, i-pulmonary embolism. |
| Ukuphelelwa ngamandla okungapheliyo | Le yimeko ehlala iiveki ezininzi nangaphezulu, okanye efika ize iphele rhoqo. | Isifuba, Ukusilela Kwentliziyo, I-COPD (Isifo Esingapheliyo Sokuthinteleka Kwemiphunga), kunye nobuthathaka bomzimba ngenxa yokungazilolongi. |
Kutheni sinengxaki yokuphefumla? Zithini izizathu?
Cinga ngentliziyo yakho nemiphunga njengabahlobo ababini abasenyongweni abasebenza kunye. Imiphunga yongeza ioksijini egazini, intliziyo ipompa igazi elo lihambisa ioksijini emzimbeni wonke, kwaye imiphunga ikwathwala i-carbon dioxide ibuyele emzimbeni ize iyikhuphe.
Ngoko ke, ukuba kukho ingxaki ngokusebenza kwentliziyo okanye imiphunga, kunokubakho ukunqongophala kweoksijini egazini okanye ukwanda kwekhabhoni dayokhsayidi. Emva koko ingqondo ifumana umyalezo othi, "Ukuphefumla akwanelanga, phefumla nzima." Kulapho ke siziva sinengxaki yokuphefumla.
Izizathu eziphambili zizifo zemiphunga nezentliziyo. Masizijonge ngokwahlukeneyo.
Izizathu ezinxulumene nemiphunga kunye nenkqubo yokuphefumla
- Isifuba
- Ii-aleji
- I-COPD (exhaphakileyo phakathi kwabantu abatshayayo)
- Izifo zokuphefumla (umz., i-bronchitis, i-COVID-19, i-pneumonia)
- Ukukhupha okanye ukudumba kwepleural (pleurisy)
- Ukuqokelelana kolwelo emiphungeni (i-Pulmonary Edema) okanye amanxeba (i-Fibrosis)
- Umhlaza wemiphunga
- Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu lwemiphunga
- Isifo sephepha
- Umphunga Owileyo / iPneumothorax
- Ukubethelwa kweMiphunga
- Ukuminxana
Izizathu ezinxulumene nentliziyo negazi
- I-anemia - Oku kuthetha ukwehla kweeseli ezibomvu zegazi egazini.
- Ukumelwa yintliziyo
- I-Cardiomyopathy
- Isantya sentliziyo esingaqhelekanga (i-Arrhythmia)
- Ukudumba kwentliziyo (umz. i-Endocarditis, i-Pericarditis)
Ezinye izizathu
- Ixhala: Le yimbangela eqhelekileyo kakhulu.
- Ukutyeba kakhulu: Isalathisi sobunzima bomzimba (BMI) esingaphezulu kwama-30.
- Ukungazilolongi: Xa ungazilolongi, izihlunu zakho ziba buthathaka kwaye ufumana ukuphefumla okunzima nokuba wenza imisebenzi emincinci.
- Amanye amayeza: Oku kunokubangelwa nangamanye amayeza okwehlisa i-cholesterol (statins) kunye namanye amayeza oxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu (ii-beta-blockers).
- Ukuphula into efana nembambo.
- I-Sleep Apnea: Imeko apho ukuphefumla kuyeka khona ngexesha lokulala.
Ugqirha angayifumana njani imbangela yoku?
Xa ukhalaza ngokuba uphelelwa ngumoya, ugqirha uza kuqala akuhlole. Uza kumamela imiphunga yakho nge-stethoscope, alinganise uxinzelelo lwakho lwegazi, aze alinganise ubungakanani beoksijini egazini lakho nge-clip encinci emnweni wakho (i-pulse oximeter).
Ukongeza, iimvavanyo ezinje zinokwenziwa ukufumana unobangela ochanekileyo:
- I-X-ray yesifuba okanye i-CT scan: Ukujonga naziphi na iingxaki ngemiphunga.
- Uvavanyo lwegazi: Jonga ukuba awunayo i-anemia okanye ezinye izifo.
- Uvavanyo Lokusebenza Kwemiphunga: Linganisa ukuba uphefumla kakuhle kangakanani na.
- Uvavanyo lokuzilolonga lweCardiopulmonary: Uvavanyo olulinganisa indlela intliziyo yakho kunye nemiphunga esebenza ngayo ngelixa uhamba kwi-treadmill kunye nokuzilolonga.
Ixesha lokufuna ingcebiso yezonyango ngokukhawuleza
Ubunzima bokuphefumla ngamanye amaxesha bunokuba luphawu lwemeko embi yezempilo. Ukuba unempawu enye okanye ezingaphezulu kwezi zilandelayo, yiya kwicandelo lezonyango olungxamisekileyo (ETU) elikufutshane ngaphandle kokulibazisa.
| Iimpawu zengxamiseko ekufuneka uziqaphele |
|---|
| - Ubunzima bokuphefumla ngequbuliso, obuqatha. |
| - Ukuphefumla nzima akupheli nokuba sele uphumle imizuzu engama-30. |
| - Umbala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka wemilebe, ulusu, okanye iinzipho (iCyanosis). |
| - Intlungu yesifuba okanye ukuziva uxinezelekile esifubeni. |
| - Ukubetha kwentliziyo okukhawulezayo okanye okungahambelaniyo (intliziyo ebetha ngamandla). |
| - Umkhuhlane ophezulu. |
| - Isandi sokuphefumla okanye isandi esiphezulu (stridor) xa uphefumla. |
| - Ukudumba kwamaqatha okanye iinyawo. |
Ungayilawula kwaye uyithintele njani le meko?
Unyango luxhomekeke kwisizathu sokuba uphefumle nzima. Ugqirha wakho uya kugqiba unobangela aze akunike unyango olufanelekileyo. Ngokubanzi, ezi zinto zinokukunceda uzive ungcono.
- Ukuzilolonga: Ukuzilolonga rhoqo kuyayomeleza intliziyo yakho kunye nemiphunga, ukuze kungabikho mfuneko yokuba zisebenze nzima kangako.
- Ukuzilolonga ngokuphefumla: Ugqirha wakho angakufundisa iindlela ezifanelekileyo zokuzilolonga nokuphefumla ukuze uphumle ingqondo yakho.
- Amayeza: Ii-inhalers (ii-bronchodilators) zinokumiselwa kwiimeko ezifana ne-asthma kunye ne-COPD.
- Unyango lwe-oksijini: Ukuba amanqanaba e-oksijini egazini lakho aphantsi kakhulu, ugqirha wakho unokukunika i-oksijini yangaphandle.
- Kuphephe ukutshaya: Oku ngokuqinisekileyo yinto omele uyenze.
- Ukugcina ubunzima obusempilweni.
- Kuphephe ukuphefumla izinto ezicaphukisa imiphunga, njengothuli nomsi.
Ukuphefumla nzima asinto yokungayinaki. Ukuba ufumana olu hlobo lobunzima rhoqo, ungoyiki ukuthetha nogqirha wakho wosapho. Ngamanye amaxesha, notshintsho oluncinci lunokwenza umahluko omkhulu kumgangatho wobomi bakho.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Ukuphelelwa ngamandla akusiso isifo, kodwa luphawu lwengxaki yempilo efihlakeleyo.
- Oku kunokuchaphazeleka zizinto ezahlukeneyo, ezifana nemiphunga, intliziyo, kunye noxinzelelo lwengqondo.
- Nangona kuyinto eqhelekileyo ukuziva udiniwe ngexesha lokuzilolonga okuqhelekileyo, ukuba oku kungakhululeki kwenzeka rhoqo okanye nangona uphumle , xhalaba .
- Ukuba uneempawu ezinje ngobunzima obukhulu ngequbuliso bokuphefumla, iintlungu zesifuba, okanye imilebe eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka,Yiya kwicandelo lonyango olungxamisekileyo (ETU) ngoko nangoko.
- Musa ukoyika oku, thetha ngokukhululekileyo nogqirha wakho, fumana unobangela, kwaye ufune unyango olufanelekileyo.
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