Ngamanye amaxesha, emva kokutya into ethile, siziva singaqhelekanga okanye singakhululekanga, akunjalo? Intlungu yesisu, imvakalelo yokurhawuzelela , okanye enye into. Emva koko sicinga ngequbuliso, "Owu, andikuthandi oku kutya." Abantu abaninzi bacinga ukuba oku 'kukunganyamezelani nokutya'. Kodwa ngaba kusoloko kuyi-allergy? Isenokuba yimeko eyahlukileyo ebizwa ngokuba 'kukunganyamezelani nokutya.' Namhlanje, masithethe ngomahluko phakathi kwezi zimbini.
Ngaba i-Allergy yokutya kunye ne-Intolerance yokutya zizinto ezimbini ezahlukeneyo?
Ewe, ezi ziimeko ezimbini ezahluke ngokupheleleyo. Nangona abantu abaninzi bebhidanisa ezi meko zimbini, indlela ezenzeka ngayo kunye nendlela ezichaphazela ngayo umzimba zahlukile kakhulu.
Ngamafutshane, i-allergy yokutya iyenzeka xa inkqubo yomzimba wakho yokuzikhusela ijonga ukutya okungenabungozi ize icinge, "Owu, olu lutshaba!" ize iqale ukulwa nalo. Oko kuthetha ukuba inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela isebenza kakhulu ngendlela engafanelekanga.
Kodwa ukunganyamezelani nokutya akunanto yakwenza nenkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela . Okwenzekayo kukuba inkqubo yakho yokugaya ukutya ayikwazi ukukugaya kakuhle ukutya.
Umzekelo omhle kukunganyamezelani nobisi kunye nokunganyamezelani ne-lactose. Kwi-allergy yobisi, inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela isabela kwiiproteni ezikubisi. Kwi-lactose, umzimba awunayo i-enzyme (lactase) efunekayo ukugaya iswekile ye-lactose ebisini. Uyayiqonda umahluko?
Ukuba bobabini abazali bakho bane-allergies (ezifana nokutya, uthuli, i-asthma), nawe unokuba ne-allergies yokutya.
Kwenzeka njani ukuba kubekho i-allergy emzimbeni?
Le nkqubo iyinkimbinkimbi kancinci, kodwa masiyiqonde ngokulula. Khawucinge ukuba phantse kuzo zonke izicwili zomzimba wethu, ingakumbi empumlweni, emqaleni, emiphungeni, elusu, nakwindlela yokugaya ukutya, kukho uhlobo lweseli olubizwa ngokuba yi- 'mast cells'.
1. Ukudibana okokuqala: Xa usitya ukutya okubangela i-allergy, umzimba wakho uyayibona i-allergen ekukutya oko uze wenze ii-antibodies ezininzi ezikhethekileyo ezibizwa ngokuba yi-IgE (Immunoglobulin E) . Le IgE iyahamba ize inamathele kumphezulu wezo seli ze-mast. Okwangoku, awubonisi zimpawu. Kodwa ngoku umzimba wakho ulungele ukusabela kwixesha elizayo.
2. Ukudibana okwesibini: Ngoku, xa usitya ukutya okufanayo okwesibini , i-allergen ekutyeni idibana ne-IgE enamathele kwiiseli zemast. Ngaloo mzuzu, iiseli zemast 'ziyaqhuma', zikhupheIikhemikhali ezininzi ezifana ne-histamine ziyakhutshwa.
Ezi khemikhali zezona zibangela iimpawu ezahlukeneyo ze-allergy ezifana nokurhawuzelelwa, ukudumba, ubunzima bokuphefumla, kunye nentlungu yesisu. Ukutya kuqala ukurhawuzelelwa kwangoko nje ukuba ukufake emlonyeni wakho, emva koko kuhlanza kwaye kuvele iintlungu zesisu xa kungena esiswini sakho, kwaye emva kokuba i-allergens ingeniswe egazini lakho, uxinzelelo lwegazi lwakho lunokwehla. Konke oku kwenzeka ngexesha elifutshane, ukusuka kwimizuzu embalwa ukuya kwiyure .
Zeziphi izinto ezibangela ukuba umntu angakwazi ukutya kakuhle?
Ukutya okuqhelekileyo okubangela i-allergies kubantu abadala nakubantwana kwahlukile kancinci.
| Udidi | Ukutya okuqhele ukuba ne-allergies |
|---|---|
| Abantu abadala |
|
| Abantwana |
|
Iindaba ezimnandi zezokuba ukunganyangeki kobisi, amaqanda, kunye nesoya okwenziwa ngabantwana kunokuhlala kuphelile njengoko bekhula. Nangona kunjalo, ukunganyangeki kwi-peanut, intlanzi kunye ne-shrimp kudla ngokuba yinto yobomi bonke.
Ingaba oku kukunganyamezelani ngokwenene, okanye kukho enye into?
Ngamanye amaxesha sicinga ukuba yi-allergy yokutya, kodwa unobangela usenokuba yinto eyahlukileyo. Xa usiya kugqirha uthi, "Ndinayo i-allergy yokutya," naye uya kuzikrokrela ezi zinto.
| Imeko yokungaqondi kakuhle | Ingcaciso elula |
|---|---|
| Ityhefu yokutya | Imeko eyenzeka xa usitya ukutya okungcoliswe ziintsholongwane okanye iintsholongwane. Ukuba wonke umntu otye ukutya ebenempendulo efanayo, isenokuba yityhefu yokutya endaweni yokuba yi-allergy. |
| Ubuthi beHistamine | Iintlanzi ezifana ne-tuna kunye ne-mackerel, kunye nezinye iintlobo zetshizi, zinokunyusa amanqanaba e-histamine ukuba azifakwanga efrijini ngokufanelekileyo. Ukutya ezi zinto kunokubangela iimpawu ezifana ne-allergy. |
| Izongezo zokutya | Abanye abantu banokufumana iimpendulo kwizinto ezifana ne-sulfites, i-MSG, kunye nemibala yokwenziwa. Ezi azizo-allergies. |
| Ukunganyamezeli kweLactose | Njengoko bekutshiwo ngaphambili, ukunganyamezelani ne-lactose kukungakwazi ukugaya iswekile efumaneka kubisi nakwiimveliso zobisi. Kubangela iimpawu ezifana nokudumba, iintlungu zesisu kunye norhudo. |
| Ezinye iimeko zonyango | Iimpawu ezifana neentlungu zesisu kunye nokuhlanza zinokubakho emva kokutya kwiimeko ezifana nezilonda zesisu okanye umhlaza womqala. |
Ungayifumanisa njani ngokuchanekileyo into yokuba kukho i-allergy yokutya?
Ukuba ukrokrela ukuba une-allergy yokutya, musa ukuqikelela nje; bonana nogqirha . Ugqirha uza kulandela la manyathelo ukuze afumane isifo.
1. Ukubuza imibuzo kunye nokubhala imbali yezonyango
Ugqirha uza kukubuza imibuzo efana nale:
- Emva kokutya kwabonakala iimpawu ixesha elingakanani?
- Ngaba kukho omnye umntu oye watya nawe oye wanengxaki?
- Utye kangakanani ngaphambi kokuba kwenzeke i-reaction?
- Ukutya bekulungiselelwa njani (kuluhlaza okanye kuphekiwe)?
- Ngaba kukho enye into owayityayo ngelo xesha?
2. Idayari yokutya
Ugqirha wakho angakucela ukuba ubhale phantsi yonke into oyityayo imini yonke kunye nazo naziphi na iimpendulo onazo. Oku kunokukunceda ufumane iipateni.
3. Uvavanyo
Ukuba ugqirha wakho urhanela ukuba kukho i-aleji yokutya ethile ngokusekelwe kwiimpawu zakho kunye nembali yakho, angenza uvavanyo olufana nolu.
- Uvavanyo lokuhlatywa kwesikhumba: Ithontsi lokutya okucingelwayo libekwa eluswini lwesandla sakho kwaye kuhlatywa kancinci eluswini. Ukuba indawo iba bomvu kwaye idumbe kwimizuzu eli-15-20, oko kuthetha ukuba kukho iziphumo ezilungileyo.
- Uvavanyo lweGazi: Uvavanyo olufana ne-RAST okanye i-ELISA lujonga ii-antibodies ze-IgE egazini lakho xa kuthelekiswa nokutya okuthile.
- Uvavanyo Lomngeni Wokutya: Le yeyona ndlela ichanekileyo . Nangona kunjalo, kufuneka yenziwe esibhedlele phantsi kweliso likagqirha kuphela . Kolu vavanyo, unikwa inani elincinci lokutya okucingelwayo, ukunyusa kancinci kancinci.
Kubalulekile: Nokuba ezinye iimvavanyo (uvavanyo lolusu, uvavanyo lwegazi) zingqina ukuba zilungile, usenokungabi nazo iimpawu zokunganyamezelani emva kokutya ukutya oko. Ngoko ke, ugqirha uya kwenza uxilongo lokugqibela kuphela ngokuthelekisa iziphumo zovavanyo neempawu zakho.
Ndingayinyanga njani? Ndingenza ntoni?
Unyango oluphambili nolungcono kakhulu lokunganyamezelani nokutya kukuphepha ukutya.
- Ukuphepha ukutya: Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuphepha ngokupheleleyo ukutya okubangela i-allergies. Abanye abantu banokuba neempendulo eziqatha nangona betye i-1/44,000th yepeanut.
- Funda iilebheli: Yenza umkhwa wokufunda ngononophelo uluhlu lwezithako kwiphakheji nganye yokutya oyithengayo evenkileni. Ngamanye amaxesha, ezi zinto zibangela i-allergens zinokufihlwa kukutya esingakucingi nokukucinga.
- Lungiselela imeko engxamisekileyo (i-Anaphylaxis): Ezinye izinto ezibangela ukunganyamezelani nokutya zinokubangela imeko enzima nesongela ubomi ebizwa ngokuba yi-anaphylaxis . Ukuba ukhe wakha wanayo le nto,
- Ugqirha wakho uza kukunika i -epinephrine auto-injector (umz., i-EpiPen). Ufanele uyigcine kuwe ngamaxesha onke.
- Musa ukoyika ukuyisebenzisa nokuba uziva ngathi uqala ukuba neempawu zokunganyamezelani. Ingasindisa ubomi bakho.
- Emva kokufumana inaliti, kufuneka uye kwiSebe leNgxamiseko (ETU) lesibhedlele esikufutshane ngoko nangoko .
- Amayeza: Amayeza anjenge-antihistamines anokulawula iimpawu ezibuthathaka ezifana nokurhawuzelelwa kunye nokurhawuzelelwa. Nangona kunjalo, awanakukuthintela ukuba kubekho i-allergy.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Ukunganyamezelani kokutya (okunxulumene nenkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela) kunye nokunganyamezelani kokutya (okunxulumene nenkqubo yokugaya ukutya) ziimeko ezimbini.
- Ukuba ukrokrela ukuba ukutya okuthile akukuhle kuwe, ungaqapheli, kodwa qiniseka ukuba ubonana nogqirha uze ufumane uxilongo olufanelekileyo.
- Ukuba ufumana i-allergy enzima (i-anaphylaxis), soloko uphethe i-epinephrine auto-injector oyinikwe ngugqirha wakho kwaye uqaphele indlela yokuyisebenzisa.
- Funda iilebheli zokutya ngononophelo xa uthenga ukutya evenkileni. Izinto ezibangela ukuba umntu angakwazi ukutya zinokufihlwa ekutyeni osenokungakulindelanga.
- Musa ukukhohliswa ziindlela ezingangqinelaniyo nesayensi, "zovavanyo lwe-allergy". Hlala ulandela icebiso likagqirha ofanelekileyo.
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