Ngaba wakha wacoca indawo endala enothuli efana ne-attic endala, umqolomba, okanye i-chicken hoop? Okanye wasebenza kwisakhiwo esidala esidilizwayo? Ngamaxesha anje, izifo esingacingi nokucinga ngazo zinokungena emizimbeni yethu ngomoya esiwuphefumlayo. Leyo yimeko eyingozi esithetha ngayo kweli nqaku namhlanje, kodwa engathethwa kakhulu ngayo kwilizwe lethu.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni iHistoplasmosis?
I-Histoplasmosis lusulelo olubangelwa yi-fungus. Ngokuchanekileyo, i-fungus eyibangelayo ibizwa ngokuba yi-`(Histoplasma capsulatum)`. Le fungus idla ngokuhlala emhlabeni. Kodwa ayihlali kuwo wonke umhlaba. Le fungus ikhula kakuhle kumhlaba oqulethe i-bat okanye i-bird droppings eninzi .
Cinga ngomhlaba okwisakhiwo esidala, umqolomba wamalulwane, indawo enezindlu zeenkukhu, okanye phantsi kwebhulorho apho iintaka ezifana namahobe zihlala khona. Xa umhlaba ugrunjwa, utshayelwa, okanye uphazanyiswa kwezi ndawo, la maxolo efungus emhlabeni anokukhululwa emoyeni. Emva koko, xa siphefumla loo moya, la maxolo efungus anokungena emiphungeni yethu aze abangele usulelo .
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba i-histoplasmosis ayisosifo esinokudluliselwa komnye umntu siye komnye. Oku kuthetha ukuba awuyi kusifumana esi sifo ngokuthetha, ukutya, okanye ukuba kufutshane nomntu osulelekileyo. Ngoko ke akukho mfuneko yokukhathazeka ngaso.
Ngubani osengozini enkulu yokuhlaselwa sesi sifo?
Enyanisweni, uninzi lwabantu abosulelwe yile fungus ababonakalisi zimpawu. Umntu onenkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela esempilweni unokulwa nale fungus aze ayilawule ngaphandle kweengxaki. Nangona kunjalo, kwabanye abantu, ingakumbi amaqela athile, esi sifo sinokubangela iingxaki ezinkulu.
Abo basengozini enkulu ngaba:
- Iintsana ezincinci kakhulu kunye nabantu abadala: Kuba bobabini aba bantu baneenkqubo zomzimba ezibuthathaka.
- Abantu abanezifo zemiphunga ezingapheliyo: Olu sulelo lunokwenza imeko yabantu abanezifo zemiphunga ezifana ne -asthma kunye ne -COPD ibe mandundu.
- Abantu abaye banciphisa ngabom amasosha omzimba wabo:Ezinye iimeko zonyango zifuna unyango ngamayeza acinezela inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela. Umzekelo, abantu abaye bafakelwa amalungu omzimba okanye abo basebenzisa i-TNF blockers (umz. i-infliximab (iRemicade)).
- Abantu abanezifo ezenza buthathaka amajoni omzimba: Izigulane ezinomhlaza (ingakumbi abo bafumana unyango lwe-chemotherapy), izigulane ezine-AIDS, kunye nabo basebenzisa amayeza anjenge-steroids ixesha elide basengozini enkulu.
Zithini iimpawu? Siyibona njani le nto?
Njengoko besitshilo ngaphambili, uninzi lwabantu alubonakalisi zimpawu. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba iimpawu ziyavela, zinokuqala phakathi kweentsuku ezi-3 ukuya kwezili-17 emva kokuchaphazeleka yifungus (ngesiqhelo malunga neentsuku ezili-10). Iimpawu ziyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwesifo. Makhe sijonge itheyibhile engezantsi ukuze sikuqonde kakuhle oku.
| Uhlobo lwesifo | Iimpawu eziphambili | Amanqaku abalulekileyo |
|---|---|---|
| Isifo Sokuphefumla Esibukhali (i-Acute Histoplasmosis) | Umkhuhlane, iintlungu zomzimba, intloko ebuhlungu, iintlungu zesifuba, ukukhohlela okomileyo, ukudinwa. | Kufana nomkhuhlane. Kumntu ophilileyo, kudla ngokuphela ngaphandle konyango. |
| Isifo semiphunga esingapheliyo (i-Chronic Histoplasmosis) | Ukukhohlela ixesha elide (ngamanye amaxesha kukho i-phlegm), ukwehla kobunzima bomzimba, umkhuhlane, iintlungu zesifuba, ubunzima bokuphefumla. | Oku kufana nesifo sephepha. Sinokuhlala iinyanga, kwaneminyaka. Ukuba asinyangwa, imeko iba mandundu. |
| I-Histoplasmosis Esasazwa Ngokuqhubekayo | Isasazeka ukusuka emiphungeni iye kwezinye izitho ezifana nemiphunga, ingqondo, isibindi, ipleyini, kunye nolusu. Umkhuhlane ophezulu, ukwehla kobunzima, kunye nezilonda zolusu zinokwenzeka. | Eli lelona nqanaba linzima neliyingozi. Ukuba alinyangwa, linokuba yingozi. Lidla ngokuvela kubantu abaneenkqubo zomzimba ezibuthathaka kakhulu. |
Ugqirha uyifumana njani le nto?
Ukuba uneempawu ezifana nomkhuhlane kunye nokukhwehlela kwaye kutshanje ucoce indawo endala enothuli, qiniseka ukuba uxelele ugqirha wakho.
Ugqirha uza kukuxilonga, aphulaphule imiphunga yakho, aze acele uvavanyo ukuba ukrokrela ukuba sisifo.
- I-X-ray yesifuba: Ukujonga iimpawu zosulelo emiphungeni.
- Uvavanyo lwegazi okanye lomchamo: Jonga ii-antibodies okanye ii-antigens ezinxulumene nefungus.
- Uvavanyo lwesampuli yesikhohlela okanye yezicubu: Isampuli yesikhohlela okanye, ukuba kuyimfuneko, iqhekeza elincinci lezicubu ezithathwe emiphungeni lihlolwa ngemakroskopu ukuqinisekisa ukuba kukho ifungus.
Iphathwa njani?
Indlela yonyango ixhomekeke kuhlobo kunye nobunzima besifo sakho.
- I-Mild Acute Histoplasmosis: Usulelo oluncinci kumntu ophilileyo aludingi nyango lukhethekileyo. Njengomkhuhlane, luya kuphela kwiiveki ezimbalwa xa uphumle ngokwaneleyo kwaye usela amanzi amaninzi .
- Izifo ezinzulu, ezingapheliyo, okanye ezixhaphakileyo: Ezi meko ngokuqinisekileyo zifuna unyango. Ugqirha wakho uya kukunika amayeza okulwa nentsholongwane. Olu nyango lunokuhlala kwiiveki ezimbalwa ukuya kwiinyanga ezininzi. Ukuba unenkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela ebuthathaka, unokufuna ukuthatha la mayeza ngeedosi eziphantsi ubomi bakho bonke. Ungaze uyeke ukuthatha amayeza anikwe ngugqirha wakho.
Singenza ntoni ukuze sizikhusele kwesi sifo?
Ukuze uphephe olu sulelo, kufuneka uphephe ukuphefumla iintsholongwane zefungus. Ezi zinto zinokunceda.
- Ukuba ucoca iindawo apho kukho khona amalulwane okanye ubulongwe beentaka (izakhiwo ezindala, imiqolomba, iihoko zeenkukhu), nxiba imaski elungileyo. Ukuba kunokwenzeka, kungcono ukusebenzisa imaski enomthamo ophezulu wokucoca, njenge -N95 .
- Ukuze unciphise uthuli, fafaza amanzi amancinci ngaphambi kokuba ususe umhlaba okanye inkunkuma. Xa imanzi, inciphisa uthuli olukhutshwa emoyeni.
- Ukuba ukwiqela elisengozini (elinomzimba obuthathaka), hlala kude nale misebenzi kangangoko unako.
- Emva kokusebenza kwindawo efana nale, hlamba izandla zakho kakuhle ngesepha.
Ukuba unale mpawu, ingakumbi ukuba unenkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela ebuthathaka,Funa uncedo lwezonyango ngokukhawuleza. Ukuba ufumana ubunzima obukhulu bokuphefumla okanye umkhuhlane ophezulu, ungathandabuzi ukuya kwiSebe leNgxamiseko (ETU) lesibhedlele esikufutshane.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Histoplasmosis sisifo semiphunga esibangelwa yifungus efumaneka kumhlaba oqulethe i-bat/bird droppings.
- Oku akusuleli ukusuka komnye umntu ukuya komnye, ngoko ke ungoyiki ukuba kufutshane nomntu osulelekileyo.
- Abantu abaninzi abaphilileyo ababonakalisi zimpawu nokuba bosulelwe yile fungus.
- Abantu abaneenkqubo zomzimba ezibuthathaka, abantwana abancinci, abantu abadala, kunye nabo banezifo ezingapheliyo zemiphunga basengozini enkulu.
- Ukuba ufumana iimpawu ezinje ngomkhuhlane, ukukhwehlela, okanye iintlungu esifubeni emva kokucoca indawo endala enothuli, bonana nogqirha ngokukhawuleza.
- Kukho unyango olusebenzayo kakhulu kwiimeko ezinzima, ngoko ke kubaluleke kakhulu ukulandela icebiso lezonyango ngokuchanekileyo.
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