Ngaba wakha wayibona ingxelo yovavanyo lwegazi ebonisa inqanaba le-cholesterol ephezulu kancinci? Okanye wakha weva ilungu losapho okanye umhlobo ethetha ngale nto? Enyanisweni, le yinto eqhelekileyo kubantu abaninzi kwilizwe lethu. Abanye abantu bacinga ngale nto njengento enzulu kakhulu kwaye bayoyika, ngelixa abanye beyithatha lula, becinga, "Yinto eyenzeka kuye wonke umntu." Yintoni kanye le cholesterol iphezulu, okanye oko oogqirha bakubiza ngokuba yi-hyperlipidemia? Masithethe ngale nto ngokulula, ngaphandle koloyiko okanye amathandabuzo.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni i-hyperlipidemia?
Kulula kakhulu. I-Hyperlipidemia kuxa unamafutha amaninzi, okanye ii-lipids, egazini lakho kunesiqhelo. Abanye abantu bayibiza le nto ngokuba yi-dyslipidemia. Ngoku usenokuba ucinga, "Owu, ndifumana amafutha amaninzi kakhulu." Ungakhathazeki, masicacise oku ngakumbi.
I-cholesterol luhlobo lwamafutha olubalulekileyo emizimbeni yethu. Isibindi sethu sivelisa le cholesterol ngokwemvelo. Uyazi ukuba kutheni? Siyidinga le cholesterol ukuze isincede ekugayeni ukutya esikutyayo kwaye senze izinto ezininzi ezibalulekileyo, ezinje ngee-hormone.
Kodwa ingxaki iqala apha. Ukongeza kubungakanani be-cholesterol esiyifunayo ukuba yenziwe sisibindi, sikwafumana i-cholesterol eyongezelelweyo ekutyeni esikutyayo, ingakumbi ukutya kwezilwanyana okufana nenyama, ubisi, ibhotolo, kunye netshizi. Ingxaki iqala xa umzimba uqokelela i-cholesterol engaphezulu kunaleyo uyidingayo.
Khawucinge nje ukuba imithambo yegazi yethu ifana neendlela kwilizwe lethu. Igazi zizithuthi ezihamba kwezi ndlela. Xa i-cholesterol isanda, njengoko uthuli, inkunkuma, namatye eqokelelana ezindleleni aze azivale, la mafutha afakwa ngaphakathi kwimithambo yegazi aze aqale ukuthintela ukuhamba kwegazi. Kwizonyango, sibiza oku ngokuthi `(Atherosclerosis)`.
Xa ukuhamba kwegazi kuphazamiseka ngolu hlobo, amalungu abalulekileyo afana nentliziyo nengqondo yethu ayaphelelwa yioksijini kunye nezondlo ezifunekayo. Kulapho ke ingozi yokwenyani ikhona.
Ithini ibali malunga ne-cholesterol "elungileyo" kunye ne-cholesterol "embi"?
Mhlawumbi ukhe weva "nge-cholesterol elungileyo" kunye " ne-cholesterol embi ." Mhlawumbi ukhe wabona amaxabiso amathathu okanye amane kuvavanyo lwakho lwegazi: `LDL, `HDL, kunye ne`Triglycerides.` Masiqonde oku ngomzekelo olula kakhulu.
Cinga nge-cholesterol njengabakhweli abahamba ngendlela yegazi. Aba bakhweli abanakuhamba bodwa, bahamba ngeentlobo ezikhethekileyo zezithuthi. Ezi zithuthi sizibiza ngokuba zii-lipoprotein.
| Uhlobo lwekholesteroli | Kalula nje... | Izinto ekufuneka uzikhumbule |
|---|---|---|
| I-LDL (i-Low-Density Lipoprotein) | Le yi -cholesterol "embi". Cinga ngayo njengelori enkulu ephuka phakathi kwendlela. Ithwala i-cholesterol isuka esibindini ize iyibeke eludongeni lwemithambo yegazi yakho. Okukhona iphezulu, kokukhona kunokwenzeka ukuba imithambo yegazi yakho ivaleke. | Kungcono ukugcina eli xabiso liphantsi . Ngokubanzi, kungcono ukuligcina lingaphantsi kwe-130 mg/dL. |
| I-HDL (i-High-Density Lipoprotein) | Eli liqhawe lebali lethu, i -cholesterol "elungileyo". Ifana nelori erhuqwayo esusa iimoto ezibambekileyo endleleni. Into eyenziwa yi-HDL kukuthatha i-cholesterol engafunekiyo eqokelele kwimithambo yakho yemithambo ize iyise esibindini ukuze iphulwe. | Kungcono ukugcina eli xabiso liphezulu . Ngokwesiqhelo, kufuneka libe ngaphezulu kwe-40 mg/dL. Nantoni na engaphezulu kwe-60 ilungile. |
| Iitriglycerides | Olu lolunye uhlobo lwamafutha afumaneka egazini. Le yindlela umzimba ogcina ngayo iikhalori ezingaphezulu kokutya esikutyayo. Ukwanda koku sesinye isizathu sokuvaleka kwemithambo yegazi. Oku kuyinyani ngakumbi xa utya iswekile eninzi, umgubo, kunye nokutya okunamafutha. | Eli xabiso kufuneka ligcinwe liphantsi . Ngokubanzi, kungcono ukuba lingaphantsi kwe-150 mg/dL. |
Ngoku kuyacaca kuwe ukuba ingxaki ayikokuphela nje "kwe-cholesterol", kodwa kukungalingani phakathi kweentlobo "ezilungileyo" nezi "zimbi".
Kwenzeka ntoni emzimbeni xa i-cholesterol isanda? Ngaba kukho naziphi na iimpawu?
Le yeyona nto iyingozi kakhulu ngale meko kwaye yinto ekufuneka siyiqwalasele. Xa i-cholesterol iphezulu, akukho zimpawu kwizigaba zokuqala. Awuva ntlungu okanye ukungakhululeki. Yiyo loo nto abantu abaninzi bengazi ngamanqanaba e-cholesterol yabo.
Kodwa umonakalo ovela ngaphakathi uyanda kancinci kancinci. Amafutha aqokelelana ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi, nto leyo enciphisa indlela yegazi. Ukuba oku kuqhubeka iminyaka emininzi, ngenye imini, i-plaque inokuqhuma ngequbuliso, yenze ihlwili legazi elinokuvala ngokupheleleyo imithambo yegazi.
- Ukuba ukuvaleka kwenzeka kumthambo ohambisa igazi entliziyweni, kubangela ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo .
- Ukuba kwenzeka kwimithambo yegazi ehambisa igazi engqondweni, kubangela isifo sohlangothi .
Yiyo loo nto i-cholesterol ibizwa ngokuba "lutshaba oluthuleyo." Xa kuvela iimpawu, umonakalo udla ngokuba sele ugqityiwe. Yiyo loo nto kubalulekile ukuba uvavanye igazi lakho rhoqo , kunokulinda ukuba kuvele iimpawu.
Amaxesha amaninzi, abantu abane-hypercholesterolemia yosapho banokuba namaqhuma atyebileyo atyheli eluswini (xanthomas) okanye isangqa esimhlophe esijikeleze i-cornea (corneal arcus), kodwa oku kunqabile kakhulu.
Kutheni le nto i-cholesterol inyuka? Zithini izinto ezibangela umngcipheko?
Akukho noyedwa unobangela we-cholesterol ephezulu, kodwa zininzi izinto ezinokubangela oko. Ezinye izinto esinokuzilawula, ezinye izinto esingenakukwazi ukuzenza.
Izinto esinokuthi sizitshintshe kwindlela esiphila ngayo:
- Ukutya okungenampilo: Ukutya ioyile eninzi, iswekile, ityuwa, kunye nokutya okucutshungulweyo. Ingakumbi ukutya okunamafutha agcweleyo kunye namafutha e-trans (iimveliso zebhaka, ukutya okukhawulezayo).
- Ukungazilolongi: Ukuhlala kwindawo enye phantse imini yonke, ungawulolongi umzimba.
- Ukutshaya : Ukutshaya kunciphisa amanqanaba e-cholesterol "elungileyo" (i-HDL) kwaye konakalisa imithambo yegazi.
- Ukusela utywala ngokugqithisileyo: Oku kunokunyusa amanqanaba e-cholesterol kunye ne-triglyceride.
- Ukutyeba kakhulu: Ubunzima bomzimba obugqithisileyo bungumngcipheko omkhulu.
- Uxinzelelo: Uxinzelelo lwexesha elide lunokuchaphazela ngokungathanga ngqo amanqanaba e-cholesterol.
Ezinye izizathu zonyango ezingaphaya kwamandla ethu:
- I-genetics: Ukuba umntu kusapho lwakho une-cholesterol ephezulu okanye isifo sentliziyo, nawe usengozini enkulu.
- Ubudala:Kukho umkhwa wendalo wokuba amanqanaba e-cholesterol anyuke njengoko sikhula.
- Ezinye izifo: Iimeko ezifana nesifo seswekile, i-hypothyroidism, isifo sezintso, kunye nesifo sesibindi nazo zinokubangela i-cholesterol ephezulu.
- Amayeza athile: Amayeza athile oxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu (iiBeta-blockers, iiDiuretics), kunye namayeza eehomoni nawo anokubangela utshintsho kumanqanaba e-cholesterol.
Ungazi njani ukuba i-cholesterol ingakanani?
Oku kulula kakhulu. Ugqirha wakho uza kukucela ukuba wenze uvavanyo lwegazi olubizwa ngokuba yi-'Lipid Profile' (ngamanye amaxesha lubizwa ngokuba yi-'Fasting Lipid Profile'). Oku kuquka ukuzila ukutya kangangeeyure ezisi-8-12 (ukusela amanzi kuphela) uze emva koko unike isampuli yegazi.
Ukusuka kuloo ngxelo, eyakho,
- I-Cholesterol iyonke
- I-LDL (i-cholesterol embi)
- I-HDL (i-cholesterol elungileyo)
- Iitriglycerides
Ugqirha uza kufumana umfanekiso ocacileyo wexabiso ngalinye. Emva koko, eqwalasela yonke into efana neminyaka yakho, ezinye iimeko zempilo, kunye nembali yosapho, uza kuvavanya amanqaku akho omngcipheko wesifo sentliziyo aze akunike iingcebiso ezifunekayo.
Yintoni esifanele siyenze ukulawula i-cholesterol?
Iindaba ezimnandi zezokuba i-cholesterol yinto esinokuyilawula kakuhle. Kukho iindlela ezimbini eziphambili zokwenza oku.
1. Utshintsho kwindlela yokuphila
Eli linyathelo lokuqala nelona libalulekileyo kunyango. Ngamanye amaxesha, ukuba amanqanaba akho e-cholesterol akaphezulu kakhulu, ungazilawula ngokwenza olu tshintsho.
- Ukutya okunempilo kwentliziyo:
- Yitya imifuno emininzi, iziqhamo, iimbotyi, kunye neenkozo ezipheleleyo (irayisi emdaka, ii-oats).
- Nciphisa ukutya okunamafutha, okuqhotsiweyo, ukutya okukhawulezayo, iikeyiki kunye neebhisikithi kangangoko unako.
- Endaweni yamafutha ezilwanyana (inyama ebomvu, ibhotolo, itshizi), yongeza ukutya okuqulethe amafutha alungileyo njengentlanzi (njengesalmon, i-mackerel, i-sardines), amantongomane (i-cashews, i-peanut), kunye ne-avokhado ekutyeni kwakho.
- Nciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwetyuwa neswekile.
- Ukuzilolonga rhoqo:
- Zilolonge umzimba njengokuhamba ngokukhawuleza, ukubaleka, ukukhwela ibhayisekile, okanye ukudada ubuncinane imizuzu engama-30 ngosuku, ubuncinane iintsuku ezi-5 ngeveki.
- Ukugcina ubunzima obusempilweni:
- Buza ugqirha wakho ngobunzima obufanelekileyo bobude bakho. Ukuba utyebile kakhulu, zama ukunciphisa umzimba kancinci kancinci.
- Ukuzikhwebula ngokupheleleyo ekutshayeni:
- Ukuba ungumntu otshayayo, ukuyeka ukutshaya sesona sigqibo silungileyo onokusenza ngenxa yempilo yakho.
- Ukunciphisa utywala.
2. Amayeza
Ukuba utshintsho lwendlela yokuphila lodwa alunakulawula amanqanaba akho e-cholesterol, okanye ukuba usengozini enkulu yesifo sentliziyo, ugqirha wakho uya kukunika amayeza.
Iistatins zezona ziphambili nezisetyenziswa kakhulu ziziyobisi ezisetyenziselwa ukunciphisa i-cholesterol. La mayeza asebenza ngokunciphisa ukuveliswa kwe-cholesterol sisibindi nangokukhawulezisa ukususwa kwe-cholesterol embi (LDL) egazini.
Xa uqala eli yeza, abanye abantu banokufumana iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezincinci ezifana neentlungu zemisipha. Ukuba oku kuyenzeka, musa ukuyeka ukulisebenzisa eli yeza kwaye wazise ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko. Uza kulilungisa okanye alitshintshe idosi ukuze lihambelane nawe. Ungaze uyeke ukulisebenzisa wedwa.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Hyperlipidemia yimeko "engathethiyo" engabonakalisi zimpawu kwasekuqaleni. Ke ngoko, kubalulekile ukuba igazi lakho lihlolwe rhoqo emva kweminyaka engama-30-40, ngaphandle kokulinda ukuba kuvele iimpawu.
- Asikokuba ukoyika oku, yinto enokulawulwa kakuhle. Eyona nto iphambili kukuzinikela kuyo.
- Ukutya okunempilo kunye nokuzilolonga rhoqo zezona nyathelo zisisiseko ekulawuleni i-cholesterol.
- Ukuba ugqirha wakho unika amayeza, thatha kanye njengoko uyalelwe, kangangexesha elithile. Musa ukuyeka ukuwasela amayeza ngenxa yokoyika iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga, thetha nogqirha wakho ngawo.
- Ukulawula i-cholesterol ayisiyonto yexesha elifutshane. Yindlela efanelekileyo ekufuneka uyigcine ubomi bakho bonke.
👩🏽⚕️ Imibuzo eyongezelelweyo (Ii-FAQ)
💬 🩺 Yintoni le vavanyo yeLipid Profile?
Oku kwenziwa ukuze kulinganiswe amanqanaba e-cholesterol egazini lethu. Kukho izinto ezine eziphambili: i-LDL (i-cholesterol embi), i-HDL (i-cholesterol elungileyo), i-triglycerides, kunye ne-cholesterol iyonke. Olu vavanyo yeyona ndlela ilungileyo yokwazi ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba une-cholesterol ephezulu (i-Hyperlipidemia).
💬 🥣 Ngaba kufuneka ndizile ukutya ngaphambi kokuba ndenze uvavanyo lweprofayili ye-lipid?
Ewe, ngokuqhelekileyo kufuneka uzile ukutya kangangeeyure ezili-10-12. Kodwa ungasela amanzi. Eyona ndlela ilula kukutya isidlo sangokuhlwa uze wenze uvavanyo kusasa olulandelayo. Ngale ndlela unokujonga ngokuchanekileyo inqanaba lamafutha egazini lakho. Kukho iinkcukacha ezithe vetshe malunga noku kwinqaku lethu.
💬 📉 Kwenzeka ntoni ukuba amaxabiso kwingxelo yeprofayili yam ye-lipid ayanda?
Ukuba amaxabiso akwingxelo aphezulu, oko kuthetha ukuba usenokuba ne-hyperlipidemia. Oko kuthetha ukuba kukho amafutha amaninzi egazini. Ukuba oku kuyaqhubeka, amafutha anokuqokelelana emithanjeni aze akhokelele kwizifo ezifana nokuhlaselwa yintliziyo. Ngoko ke, qhubeka ufunda inqaku lethu ukuze ufunde ngale nto ngendlela elula!
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