Ngamanye amaxesha ugqirha wethu uthi, "Ukusebenza kwezintso zakho kuye kwehla kancinci, masiyijonge le nto." Ngamaxesha anjalo, siye soyike kancinci, akunjalo? Ingakumbi umbuzo othi "Ngaba kuya kufuneka ndenze i-dialysis?" uvela engqondweni yethu. Olu luloyiko abantu abaninzi abanalo. Ke namhlanje, masithethe ngokuba yintoni i-dialysis, ngubani oyifunayo, kwaye yenziwa njani ngendlela elula kakhulu, ngendlela onokuyiqonda.
Okokuqala, masibone ukuba yintoni i-dialysis.
Ngamafutshane, i-dialysis ithetha ukuba izintso zakho azisenakukwazi ukwenza umsebenzi wazo ngokufanelekileyo, kwaye ziyenza ngendlela yokwenziwa, nokuba ngoncedo lomatshini okanye ngenye indlela. Cinga ngale ndlela: izintso zakho zifana nezihluzo ezimbini ezinkulu. Zizitho ezimile okweembotyi ezikwicala lomqolo wakho, ngaphantsi nje kwembambo yakho. Umsebenzi wazo ophambili kukucoca igazi lakho nokususa inkunkuma kunye nolwelo olugqithisileyo emzimbeni wakho njengomchamo. Ukongeza, izintso zakho zilawula uxinzelelo lwegazi lakho, zigcine amathambo akho omelele, zigcine amanqanaba afanelekileyo eeminerali ezifana ne-potassium kunye ne-sodium (ityuwa) egazini lakho, kwaye zivelise iihomoni ezinceda ekwenzeni iiseli ezibomvu zegazi. Xa izintso zakho ziyeka ukusebenza ngokufanelekileyo, iityhefu ziqala ukuqokelelana emzimbeni wakho. Kulapho i-dialysis iba lunyango olusindisa ubomi.
Ngubani ofuna unyango lwe-dialysis?
Xa isifo sezintso siba sibi kakhulu, oko kuthetha ukuba izintso zakho zibuthathaka kakhulu ukuba zingakwazi ukuhambisana nemisebenzi yomzimba wakho, unokufuna i-dialysis okanye ukufakelwa izintso. Isifo sezintso sinokubangelwa zizifo ezifana noxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu,
isifo seswekile , i-lupus, iingozi ezithile, okanye ngaphandle kwesizathu kwaphela. I-dialysis idla ngokuqaliswa xa uqala ukuba neempawu zokungasebenzi kakuhle kwezintso okanye xa uvavanyo lwegazi lubonisa ukuba igazi lakho linetyhefu eninzi kakhulu. Iimpawu ziquka
isicaphucaphu , ukudinwa, ukudumba, kunye nokuhlanza .
Kukho izigaba ezi-5 zesifo sezintso . Xa ufikelela kwiSigaba V, oko kuthetha ukuba izintso zakho zisebenza kwinqanaba eliphantsi kakhulu, njenge-10%-15%, sikubiza ngokuba yi-'End-Stage Renal Disease '. Okwangoku, i-dialysis okanye ukufakelwa kwezintso kuyimfuneko kakhulu ukuze uphile.
Zeziphi iintlobo ze-dialysis ezikhoyo?
Kukho iintlobo ezimbini eziphambili ze-dialysis. Makhe sijonge umahluko phakathi kwezi zimbini.
| Uhlobo lwe-dialysis | Indlela yokwenza oko | Apho kudla ngokwenziwa khona |
|---|
| I-Hemodialysis | Igazi lakho liyakhutshwa emzimbeni wakho, lidluliselwe ngomatshini okhethekileyo (izintso zokwenziwa), licocwe, lize libuyiselwe emzimbeni wakho. | Kwisibhedlele okanye kwiziko le-dialysis. Ingenziwa nasekhaya. |
| I-Peritoneal Dialysis | Igazi lakho liyacocwa ngaphakathi emzimbeni wakho. Kufakwa ulwelo olukhethekileyo kwisisu sakho, olufunxa inkunkuma luze luyisuse. | Ngokwesiqhelo kwenziwa ekhaya. |
Ukongeza, kukho indlela ekhethekileyo ebizwa ngokuba yi-'Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy (CRRT),' enikwa kancinci iiyure ezingama-24 ngosuku kwizigulana ezigula kakhulu kwiYunithi yoKhathalelo oluNzulu (ICU) ezingakwaziyo ukunyamezela i-dialysis rhoqo.
Okungakumbi malunga ne-hemodialysis
Kule ndlela, umatshini utsala igazi emzimbeni wakho. Oku kubandakanya inkqubo encinci yotyando ukuze kudalwe indawo yokufikelela phantsi kwesikhumba sengalo yakho enokunxibelelana nemithambo yegazi. Kukho iindlela ezintathu eziphambili zokwenza oku.
- I-Fistula: Oku kuquka ukudibanisa umthambo kunye nomthambo engalweni yakho. Le yeyona ndlela ilungileyo nehlala ihleli. Nangona kunjalo, kuthatha malunga neeveki ezi-6 ukuze ukwazi ukuyisebenzisa.
- I-Graft: Oku kuquka ukudibanisa umthambo kunye nomthambo kusetyenziswa ityhubhu yeplastiki. Oku kungasetyenziswa ixesha elifutshane njengeeveki ezi-2. Nangona kunjalo, akuhlali ixesha elide njenge-fistula.
- I-Catheter : Ukuba ufuna ukuqalisa i-dialysis ngokukhawuleza, ityhubhu eguquguqukayo (i-catheter) ifakwa kumthambo omkhulu entanyeni yakho, engalweni, okanye emqolo . Esi sisisombululo sexeshana.
Ngexesha lonyango, ngelixa ulele esitulweni, ingcali ifaka iinaliti ezimbini kwi-fistula okanye kwi-graft engalweni yakho. Inaliti enye ikhupha igazi emzimbeni wakho, ilicoce ngomatshini, kwaye enye inaliti ibuyisela igazi elicociweyo emzimbeni wakho. Olu nyango luthatha malunga neeyure ezi-3-5 kwaye lwenziwa malunga nezihlandlo ezithathu ngeveki.
Iinkcukacha malunga nePeritoneal Dialysis (PD)
Le ndlela yahlukile kancinci. Apha, inwebu ebhityileyo ekwisisu sakho (peritoneum) isebenza njengesihluzo sendalo. Malunga neeveki ezi-3 ngaphambi kokuba unyango lwakho luqale, kwenziwa inkqubo encinci yotyando yokufaka ngokusisigxina ityhubhu ethambileyo (i-catheter) esiswini sakho. Emva koko, ulwelo lwe-dialysis lufakwa esiswini sakho ngale tyhubhu. Olu lwelo lusebenza ukususa inkunkuma egazini lakho kwiiyure ezimbalwa. Emva koko inkunkuma ikhutshelwa kwenye ingxowa. Le nkqubo ibizwa ngokuba yi-"exchange". Ungakwenza oku ekhaya, ngoko akufuneki uye esibhedlele rhoqo. Kukho iindlela ezimbini zokwenza oku:
- I-Automated Peritoneal Dialysis: Le nkqubo yokutshintshiselana kwenzeka ebusuku, ngelixa ulele, usebenzisa umatshini.
- I-Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis: Kuya kufuneka wenze le nkqubo yokutshintshiselana ngesandla, amaxesha amaninzi ngemini.
Ngaba kukho naziphi na iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ze-dialysis?
I-Dialysis
ayibuhlungu. Nangona kunjalo, unokufumana ezinye iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ngexesha okanye emva konyango. Ukuba ufumana nayiphi na intlungu, xelela ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko. Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga eziqhelekileyo ziquka:
- Ulusu olurhawuzelelayo
- Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphantsi (ingakumbi kubantu abanesifo seswekile)
- Iingxaki zokulala
- Ukugqithisa kolwelo
- Iintsholongwane (ingakumbi kwindawo ye-catheter)
- Uxinzelelo okanye utshintsho lweemvakalelo
- Isicaphucaphu nokuhlanza
- Ukuqaqamba kwemisipha
- Ukudinwa kakhulu
Zikhathalele ezi zinto ukuze uhlale usempilweni ngeli xesha lonyango:
- Jonga indawo yakho yokungena yonke imihla ukuba ibomvu, ibomvu, okanye ukudumba. Ukuba ubona nayiphi na kwezi, fowunela ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko.
- Soloko ugcina ibhandishi egquma i-catheter icocekile kwaye yomile.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Xa ukusebenza kwezintso kwehla ngaphantsi kwe-10%-15%, unyango lwe-dialysis lunokufuneka ukuze kususwe inkunkuma emzimbeni.
- Kukho iintlobo ezimbini eziphambili ze-dialysis: i-hemodialysis kunye ne-peritoneal dialysis. Thetha nogqirha wakho ukuze agqibe ukuba yeyiphi indlela efanelekileyo kuwe.
- Unyango lwe-dialysis alubuhlungu, kodwa ezinye iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zinokubakho. Xelela ugqirha wakho ngayo nayiphi na into ebuhlungu.
- Ukuba kufuneka uyeke unyango, musa ukwenza isigqibo ngokwakho, kodwa qiniseka ukuba uxoxa ngaso nogqirha wakho.
- I-Dialysis lunyango oluthatha ixesha elide, aluyondlela enye yokunyanga. Kubalulekile ukuthetha nogqirha wakho malunga nokuba yintoni ekulungeleyo imeko yakho.
I-Dialysis, isifo sezintso, ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwezintso, i-hemodialysis, i-peritoneal dialysis, i-dialysis sinhala, ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwezintso sinhala
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