Ngaba iiseli zakho ezibomvu zegazi zandisiwe? (Macrocytosis) - Masifumanise ngale nto!

Ngaba wakha wajonga ingxelo yovavanyo lwegazi waza waphawula ukuba iiseli zakho ezibomvu zegazi zikhulu kuneziqhelekileyo (iiseli ezibomvu zegazi ezinkulu)? Okanye ngaba ugqirha wakho wakha wakuxelela ngemeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-"Macrocytosis"? Oku kusenokuvakala kuyoyikisa kancinci, kodwa ungakhathazeki. I-Macrocytosis ayisosifo, lutshintsho nje kwiiseli ezibomvu zegazi.

Yintoni iMacrocytosis?

Ngamafutshane, iMacrocytosis ithetha ukuba iiseli zakho ezibomvu zegazi zikhulu kunesiqhelo. Oku akujongwa njengesifo, kodwa kunokuba luphawu lokuba kukho into engalunganga emzimbeni wethu. Oku kwaziwa kuphela xa une-complete blood count (CBC)/Full Blood Count ( FBC ). Rhoqo, oogqirha benza olu vavanyo lwe-'CBC' ukuze babone ukuba iiseli zomzimba wethu zisebenza njani kwaye zisempilweni kangakanani.

Ingxelo ye-`CBC` inexabiso elibizwa ngokuba yi-`MCV (Mean Corpuscular Volume)`. Lo ngumlinganiselo wobukhulu obuqhelekileyo beeseli zakho ezibomvu zegazi. Ukuba ixabiso le-`MCV` lomntu omdala lingaphezulu kwe-100 femtoliters (`100 fL`), sibiza loo meko ngokuba yiMacrocytosis.

Ixesha elininzi, oku akuyongxaki inkulu. Nangona kunjalo, ngamanye amaxesha ezi seli zibomvu zegazi zisenokungafumani izondlo ezizidingayo. Emva koko, ezo seli azikwazi ukwenza umsebenzi wazo oyintloko, okukukuthwala ioksijini emzimbeni wonke. Le meko ibizwa ngokuba yi-'Macrocytic Anemia' . Ukuba i-'Macrocytic Anemia' ayinyangwa kakuhle, inokukhokelela kwiingxaki ezinkulu zempilo.

Ixhaphake kangakanani le meko?

Xa sithetha nje, phakathi kwe-2% kunye ne-4% yabemi behlabathi bane-Macrocytosis. Uninzi lwaba bantu, malunga ne-60%, bane-Macrocytosis kunye ne-anemia.

Nangona kunjalo, i-macrocytosis engena-anemia ixhaphake kakhulu kubantwana abancinci nakubantu abadala.

Ziziphi iimpawu zeMacrocytosis?

Ixesha elininzi, uphawu olulodwa lwe-macrocytosis kukuphakama kwe-MCV kwingxelo ye-CBC. Oku kuthetha ukuba iiseli zakho ezibomvu zegazi zikhulu. Ukuba iimpawu ziyabonakala, zinxulumene nesizathu esiyintloko sokwanda kweeseli ezibomvu zegazi.

Umzekelo, ukuba une-'Macrocytic Anemia', unokufumana iimpawu ezinje ngobuthathaka , ukudinwa, kunye nolusu olukhanyayo , eziziimpawu eziqhelekileyo ze-anemia. Kwakhona, ukuba unobangela kukungabikho kokutya okunempilo, unokufumana iimpawu ezinje ngorhudo, ukulahlekelwa yinkumbulo, kunye nokulahlekelwa yibhalansi .

Oko kuthetha ukuba, ekubeni kukho izizathu ezininzi ze-macrocytosis, iimpawu nazo zingahluka.

Zithini izizathu ze-macrocytosis?

Iiseli zegazi ziveliswa kumongo wethu wethambo. Ngoko ke, iingxaki ekuvelisweni kweeseli ezibomvu zegazi kulo mongo wethambo kunye neengxaki kwisakhiwo seeseli ezibomvu zegazi zinokubangela iMacrocytosis. Ngamanye amaxesha, ukuba uneeseli ezibomvu zegazi ezininzi ezingavuthwanga, ezibizwa ngokuba yi-'reticulocytes', egazini lakho, ixabiso le-'MCV' nalo linokunyuka. Oku kungenxa yokuba ezi 'reticulocytes' zikhulu ngobukhulu kuneeseli ezibomvu zegazi ezivuthiweyo.

Ezinye zezona zinto ziphambili ezibangela i-macrocytosis zezi:

Ukunqongophala kwesondlo

Izondlo ezifana ne-vitamin B12 kunye ne-folate (i-vitamin B9) zibalulekile emizimbeni yethu ukuze yenze iiseli ezibomvu zegazi ezisempilweni. Ukuba awufumani ezaneleyo kwezi zondlo ekutyeni okutyayo, okanye ukuba umzimba wakho awukwazi ukuzifunxa ngenxa yesifo esithile, iiseli zakho ezibomvu zegazi aziyi kukhula kakuhle. Ukunqongophala kwe-vitamin B12 kunye ne-folate kunokubangela imeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-'Macrocytic Anemia'. Umzekelo, abanye abantu abatyi imifuno eluhlaza neziqhamo ezaneleyo. Oku kunokukhokelela ekunqongophaleni kwe-folate. Kwakhona, abantu abangadliyo ngokupheleleyo i-vegan banokufumana ukunqongophala kwe-vitamin B12.

Amanye amayeza

I-Macrocytosis inokubangelwa nangamayeza ahlukeneyo. Ezona zixhaphakileyo kwezi ziquka i-hydroxyurea, iyeza elisetyenziselwa ukunyanga isifo se-sickle cell, amayeza ahlukeneyo e-chemotherapy asetyenziselwa ukunyanga umhlaza, kunye ne-antiretroviral therapy (ART) esetyenziselwa ukunyanga usulelo lwe-HIV. Ukuba uthatha naliphi na kula mayeza, ugqirha wakho uya kuba esazi ngawo.

Ukusetyenziswa kotywala

Ukusela utywala ngokugqithisileyo nako kuyimbangela enkulu yeMacrocytosis. Utywala bunciphisa amandla omzimba okufunxa izondlo, ingakumbi ezo zifunekayo ukuze kwenziwe iiseli ezibomvu zegazi ezisempilweni.

Isifo sesibindi

I-Macrocytosis inokuba luphawu lwesifo sesibindi. Isifo sesibindi sidla ngokunxulunyaniswa nokusetyenziswa kotywala, kodwa asisoloko sinjalo. Nangona kunjalo, isifo sesibindi sinokubakho nangezinye izizathu.

I-Hemolytic anemia

Kwimeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-"Hemolytic anemia," iiseli zakho ezibomvu zegazi ziyafa ngaphambi kwexesha ngenxa yemeko engaphantsi. Xa oku kusenzeka, umzimba wakho ukhupha "ii-reticulocytes," (iiseli ezibomvu zegazi ezingavuthwanga) egazini ukuze kulungiswe ukunqongophala kwazo. Ezi seli ezibomvu zegazi ezingavuthwanga azikwazi ukuthwala ioksijini njengeeseli ezibomvu zegazi ezivuthiweyo.

Ukopha kakhulu

Ukuba ulahlekelwa ligazi elininzi, nokuba kungengozi, utyando, okanye esinye isizathu, umzimba wakho uya kongeza ii-reticulocytes egazini lakho ukuze kulungiswe ilahleko. Njengakwi-hemolytic anemia, iiseli ezingavuthwanga zingena egazini ngaphambi kwexesha.

Isifo seMyelodysplastic

Olu luhlobo lomhlaza oluvela kumongo wethambo. Le meko ithintela umongo wethambo ekuveliseni iiseli ezibomvu zegazi eziphilileyo.

I-Hypothyroidism

I-Macrocytosis inokwenzeka nakubantu abane-hypothyroidism, i-thyroid gland engasebenzi kakuhle. Ingenzeka nokuba une-anemia okanye awunayo.

Ngamanye amaxesha, akukho sizathu sicacileyo esinokufunyanwa se-macrocytosis, ingakumbi ukuba une-macrocytosis kuphela engena-anemia.

Uyazi njani ukuba une-macrocytosis?

Njengoko besitshilo ngaphambili, i-macrocytosis ligama elichaza iiseli ezibomvu zegazi ezandisiweyo, hayi isifo esisemthethweni. Ukuba ixabiso le-MCV kwingxelo yakho ye-CBC lingaphezulu kwe-100 fL, oko kuthetha ukuba iiseli zakho ezibomvu zegazi zikhulu kunesiqhelo.

Ngamanye amaxesha oogqirha banokuqikelela unobangela weMacrocytosis ngokusekelwe kubukhali bemeko. Umzekelo, ukuba i-MCV iphezulu kakhulu (malunga ne-110 - 115 fL), inokuba luphawu lwe-macrocytic anemia enzima ngakumbi, njenge-megaloblastic anemia.

Uvavanyo lokufumana unobangela we-macrocytosis

Ukuba ugqirha wakho ukhathazekile malunga nokwanda kweeseli zakho ezibomvu zegazi, uza kukubuza imibuzo ukuze afumane unobangela. Angabuza ngembali yakho yezonyango, amayeza owasebenzisayo, ukutya kwakho, kunye nokusetyenziswa kotywala . Ukongeza, angenza nezinye iimvavanyo:

• I-smear yegazi engaphandle:Oku kuquka ukuthatha isampuli yegazi lakho uze ulijonge phantsi kwe-microscope ukuze ubone ukuba kukho naziphi na iingxaki ezinokubangela i-Macrocytosis, njengeengxaki zokukhula kweeseli ezibomvu zegazi.
• Uvavanyo lwe -Vitamin B12 kunye nenqanaba le-folate: Ukuba amanqanaba e-vitamin B12 okanye i-folate egazini aphantsi, oko kuthetha ukuba kukho ukunqongophala kwesondlo okungafumani izondlo ezifunekayo ukuze kwenziwe iiseli ezibomvu zegazi ngokufanelekileyo.
• Inani lee-reticulocyte: Olu vavanyo lulinganisa inani leeseli ezibomvu zegazi ezingavuthwanga kwisampulu yegazi lakho. Oku kunokunceda ekuqinisekiseni ukuba le yimbangela ye-MCV yakho ephezulu.
• Uvavanyo lokusebenza kwesibindi: Olu vavanyo luvavanya ukuba isibindi sakho sisebenza kakuhle kangakanani ukufunxa izondlo ezifunekayo ukwenza iiseli ezibomvu zegazi ezisempilweni.
• I-Bone Marrow Biopsy: Olu vavanyo lunokwenziwa ukuba ugqirha wakho ukrokrela ukuba unemeko ephazamisana nokuveliswa kweeseli zakho ezibomvu zegazi. Oku kuquka ukuthatha isampuli encinci yomongo wakho wethambo kunye nokuhlola iiseli phantsi kwe-microscope ukuze kubonwe ukuba akukho ziphazamiso na.

Iphathwa njani iMacrocytosis?

Ukuba awunazo iimpawu ze-anemia, kwaye iziphumo zovavanyo lwakho azibonisi ezinye iingxaki, usenokungadingi naluphi na unyango. Ngaphandle koko, unyango luya kuxhomekeka kwisizathu sokuba inani lakho leeseli ezibomvu zegazi liphezulu.

• Ukuba i-macrocytosis yakho ibangelwa kukungabikho kwesondlo, kunokufuneka utshintshe indlela otya ngayo okanye uthathe izongezo zeevithamini .
• Ukuba ingxaki imalunga namayeza owasebenzisayo, ugqirha wakho unokukwazi ukutshintsha idosi okanye akunike elinye iyeza .
• Ukuba une-anemia enzima kunye ne-macrocytosis, unokufuna utofelo-gazi .

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukulandela isicwangciso sonyango esinikwa ngugqirha wakho ngokuchanekileyo, nokuba yintoni imbangela ye-macrocytosis yakho.

Ngaba iMacrocytosis inganyangeka?

Kwiimeko ezininzi, i-macrocytosis iyajika ngokwayo xa unobangela oyintloko unyangwa. Buza ugqirha wakho ukuba unyango luza kuyichaphazela njani impilo yakho.

Indlela yokunciphisa umngcipheko we-macrocytosis?

Sisenokungakwazi ukuthintela yonke into enokubangela i-macrocytosis. Nangona kunjalo, singawunciphisa umngcipheko wethu ngokwamkela imikhwa enempilo. Umzekelo:

• Ukongeza ukutya okutyebileyo kwi-vitamin B12 kunye ne-folate - intlanzi, iimveliso zobisi, amaqanda , imifuno enamagqabi, kunye neenkozo eziqinisiweyo - ekutyeni kwakho kunokunciphisa umngcipheko wokuba ne-macrocytic anemia.
• Kubaluleke kakhulu ukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kotywala .
• Kwakhona, musa ukulibazisa uvavanyo lwegazi lonyaka. I-Macrocytosis idla ngokufumaneka ngengozi ngexesha lovavanyo lwegazi oluqhelekileyo. Ukuxilongwa kwangoko kunye nonyango kunokuthintela imeko ukuba ingabi mandundu.

Kuthekani ukuba i-macrocytosis ayinyangwa?

Ngugqirha kuphela onokugqiba ukuba iMacrocytosis yakho yinto ekufuneka ixhalatyelwe. Ukuba uneMacrocytosis kunye ne-anemia, kubalulekile ukufuna unyango. Ukuba ayinyangwa, iMacrocytic Anemia inokukhokelela kwiingxaki ezinkulu zempilo.

Ndingayibuza ntoni ugqirha?

Ukuba ufumanisa ukuba iiseli zakho ezibomvu zegazi zikhulu kunesiqhelo, landela imiyalelo kagqirha wakho malunga nento omawuyenze. Usenokubuza imibuzo efana nale:

• Ngaba kufuneka ndikhathazeke nge-MCV yam ephezulu?
• Ziziphi iimvavanyo endiya kuzidinga ukuze ndifumane unobangela we-macrocytosis?
• Ngaba kuya kufuneka ndinyange unobangela wokwanda kweeseli zam ezibomvu zegazi?
• Zeziphi iinguqu zendlela yokuphila endinokuzitshintsha ukuze ndilawule le meko yeMacrocytosis?

Okokugqibela, khumbula (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

I-Macrocytosis okanye i-MCV ephezulu ayisoloko ibangela inkxalabo. Ngoko ke ungothuki ukuba ingxelo yakho ye-CBC ibonisa la maxabiso. Fumana isikhokelo kugqirha wakho malunga nendlela yokutolika iziphumo zakho. Ngokuxhomekeke kwiziphumo zakho, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa utshintsho lokutya okanye izongezo zeevithamini. Ungoyiki ukubuza ukuba unyango lwakho luza kuzichaphazela njani iiseli zakho zegazi kunye nempilo iyonke. Ukuhlala usempilweni yeyona nto ibalulekileyo!