Ngaba umntu omdala kusapho lwakho, mhlawumbi umama wakho, utata wakho, okanye umakhulu wakho, uya eqala ukulibala? Ngaba iinyawo zakhe zibonakala ngathi zirhuqa emhlabeni xa ehamba? Ngaba kuya kuba nzima ukulawula umchamo wakhe ? Sihlala sicinga ngezi zinto "njengezinto eziqhelekileyo ezenzekayo njengoko sikhula." Kodwa zinokuba ziimpawu zemeko enokunyangeka kwaye inyangeke. Namhlanje sithetha ngenye yezi meko, iNormal Pressure Hydrocephalus, okanye i-NPH.
Yintoni iHydrocephalus yoxinzelelo oluqhelekileyo (NPH)?
Ngamafutshane, i-NPH kuxa ulwelo oluninzi luqokelelana engqondweni yethu kunokuba kuyimfuneko.
Khawuthelekelele ukuba ingqondo yethu kunye nomthambo womqolo, ohamba emqolo wethu, ujikelezwe lulwelo olucacileyo, olufana nomqamelo. Ngokwezonyango, oku kubizwa ngokuba lulwelo lwe-cerebrospinal (CSF) . Le CSF iveliswa kwiiventricles zengqondo yethu kwaye ijikeleza kuyo yonke, yondla ingqondo kunye nomthambo womqolo, isusa inkunkuma, kwaye ikhusela ingqondo ekubetheni ukhakhayi. Ngokwesiqhelo, i-CSF engaphezulu ibuyiselwa emzimbeni ngemithambo engaphezulu kwengqondo.
Nangona kunjalo, ukuba kukho naluphi na uthintelo kwinkqubo ekhupha olu lwelo lwe-CSF, olu lwelo luqala ukuqokelelana ngaphakathi kwimingxuma yobuchopho. Oku sikubiza ngokuba yiHydrocephalus ( ukuzaliswa kwamanzi kobuchopho ). I-NPH luhlobo olukhethekileyo lwesi simo seHydrocephalus. Ihlala ibonakala kubantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-60 ubudala.
Ngokungafaniyo nezinye iintlobo ze-hydrocephalus, i-NPH ikhula kancinci kakhulu. Ulwelo lwe-CSF luyanda ngokuhamba kwexesha. Ngenxa yoko, imingxunya ebuchotsheni iyanda kancinci kancinci, ityhala kwiindawo ezithile zobuchopho. Yiyo loo nto uxinzelelo ebuchotsheni lunganyuki ngequbuliso, yiyo loo nto lubizwa ngokuba yi-"Normal Pressure." Kodwa elo gama liyakhohlisa kancinci, kuba iimpawu zenzeka kuphela xa imingxunya ikhula kwaye ityhala ebuchotsheni.
Okubalulekileyo kukuba, iimpawu ze-NPH zifana kakhulu nezo zesifo sika-Alzheimer kunye nesifo sikaParkinson . Ngenxa yoko, izigulane ze-NPH zihlala zichongwa ngendlela engafanelekanga njengezinye zezinye izifo ezibini. Nangona kunjalo, ngokungafaniyo ne-Alzheimer kunye ne-Parkinson, ukuba zichongiwe ngokuchanekileyo, i-NPH inokunyangeka kakhulu ngotyando.
Iimpawu ezintathu eziphambili zemeko ye-NPH
Kukho iimpawu ezintathu eziphambili ze-NPH. Ezi zisenokungabonakali ekuqaleni, kodwa ziyanda kancinci kancinci ngokuhamba kwexesha. Ukuba zonke ezi mpawu zintathu zikhona, kufuneka kukrokrelwe ukuba kukho i-NPH.
| Udidi lweempawu | Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo |
|---|---|
| 1. Iingxaki zeNdlela yokuHamba |
|
| 2. Ukuwohloka kwengqondo / i-Dementia | |
| 3. Ukungakwazi ukuzibamba komchamo |
|
Zithini izizathu ze-NPH?
Enyanisweni, uninzi lwezigulane ze-NPH, akukho sizathu sithile sifumanekayo. Nangona kunjalo, kwezinye iimeko, ezi zinto zilandelayo zinokuba negalelo kule meko:
- Ukulimala entloko
- Ukopha entloko ngenxa yokubethwa yigazi
- Istroke
- Izifo ezifana ne-meningitis
- Ithumba lobuchopho
- Utyando lobuchopho
Akukacaci ukuba ezi meko zibangela njani i-NPH.
Ifunyaniswa njani ngokuchanekileyo i-NPH?
Ngoku usenokuba ucinga, "Kulungile, ezi ziimpawu, ngoku ndingazifumanisa njani ezi?" Oku kunzima kancinci. Ngenxa yokuba ezi mpawu zifana nesifo sika-Alzheimer kunye nesikaParkinson, kubalulekile ukubona ugqirha wezifo zengqondo okanye ugqirha wezifo zengqondo .
Inkqubo yokuxilonga idla ngokuba ngolu hlobo:
1. Ukuthetha nogqirha: Ugqirha uza kukubuza yonke into ukususela kwiimpawu zakho, ukuba zaqala nini, imbali yezonyango zosapho, kunye namayeza owaselayo.
2. Uvavanyo lomzimba: Imeko yakho yengqondo (ukubuza imibuzo nokukucela ukuba ulandele imiyalelo elula), ukuhamba, kunye nokulinganisela kuya kuhlolwa.
3. Uvavanyo olukhethekileyo:
- I-CT Scan okanye i-MRI Scan: Ezi scan zinokuvelisa imifanekiso eneenkcukacha ze-3D yobuchopho. Zinokunceda ekuqinisekiseni ukuba ii-ventricles ebuchosheni zandisiwe kwi-NPH. Nangona kunjalo, iskeni yodwa ayinakuqinisekisa i-NPH.
- Ukubhoboza iLumbar / iSpinal Tap: Eli lelinye lawona manyathelo abalulekileyo ekuxilongweni. Ngamanye amaxesha sibiza oku ngokuthi 'yi-spinal tap'. Ungakhathazeki, ugqirha uya kwenza oku. Inaliti encinci isetyenziselwa ukususa ulwelo lwe-CSF olujikeleze i-spinal cord kumqolo ongezantsi.
Olu phawu lokubhoboza i-lumbar lungasetyenziselwa ukujonga izinto ezimbini. Enye kukulinganisa uxinzelelo lolo lwelo. Enye into ebalulekileyo kukubona ukuba, emva kokususa malunga ne-30-50 milliliters yolwelo ngale ndlela, ukuhamba kwesigulane kunye nenkumbulo ziyaphucuka okwethutyana kwiiyure ezimbalwa ezizayo. Ukuba kubonwa uphuculo olubalulekileyo, luphawu oluhle lokuba ukuchacha okukhulu kunokufezekiswa ngotyando.
Ziziphi iindlela zonyango ze-NPH?
Unyango olusebenzayo lwe-NPH lutyando. Akukho mayeza okanye olunye unyango olunokuyinyanga le meko.
Utyando oluphambili kukubeka i-shunt.
Khawucinge ngetyhubhu encinci efakwayo ukuze ikhuphe ulwelo lwe-CSF olugqithisileyo engqondweni yethu ize iluthumele kwenye indawo yomzimba. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-shunt. Le yityhubhu encinci kakhulu. Ugqirha wezifo zengqondo ufaka le tyhubhu kwindawo ebuchotsheni aze ayiqondise phantsi kwesikhumba kwindawo ebizwa ngokuba yi-peritoneum. Kukho ivalvu kule tyhubhu elawula uxinzelelo. Xa uxinzelelo ebuchotsheni lusanda, le valve iyavuleka kwaye ulwelo olugqithisileyo lungena kwi-peritoneal cavity. Apho, ulwelo luyafunxwa ngaphandle kokulimaza umzimba.
Olu tyando lwe-shunt aluphumeleli ngokulinganayo kubo bonke abantu. Nangona kunjalo, kubantu abaninzi, iimpawu ziyancipha kakhulu emva kolu tyando kwaye umgangatho wobomi babo uphucuka kakhulu. Okukhona isifo sifunyanwa ngokukhawuleza kwaye utyando lwenziwa, kokukhona iziphumo ziphumelela ngakumbi.
Kwezinye iimeko, endaweni ye-shunt, kwenziwa olunye utyando olubizwa ngokuba yi-Endoscopic Third Ventriculostomy , apho kusetyenziswa i-endoscope (ityhubhu encinci enekhamera) ukwenza umngxuma omncinci ezantsi komgodi wobuchopho ukudala enye indlela yokuhamba kolwelo lwe-CSF.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Ukuba umntu omdala ufumana iimpawu ezinjengobunzima bokuhamba, ukulahlekelwa yinkumbulo, kunye nokungakwazi ukuzibamba komchamo , musa ukuyithatha njengento eqhelekileyo "yokwaluphala."
- Nangona ezi mpawu zifana nesifo sika-Alzheimer okanye sikaParkinson, kusenokwenzeka ukuba esi sisifo esinokunyangwa esibizwa ngokuba yi-NPH.
- Ukuba wena okanye umntu omthandayo unale mpawu, bonana nogqirha ngokukhawuleza, ingakumbi ingcali yezifo zengqondo . Ukuxilongwa kwangoko kubaluleke kakhulu.
- Utyando lwe-shunt lolona nyango luphambili lwe-NPH, kwaye lunokuphucula kakhulu umgangatho wobomi kwizigulane ezininzi.
- Inkxaso nokuqonda kubalulekile kumguli nakumntu onyamekela abanye abantu ngeli xesha lohambo.
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