Khawuthelekelele uhamba esitratweni, okanye udlala nesilwanyana sakho sasekhaya, uze ngequbuliso ulunywe. Okanye ikati ikukrwele. Uyazi uloyiko oluza engqondweni ngelo xesha. Sonke siyazi ukuba xa oko kusenzeka, sifanele soyike i-rabies. Ngoko ke siya kugqirha ngokukhawuleza. Abantu abaninzi bacinga ukuba xa isilwanyana siluma, into ekuphela kwayo abayinikayo yi-rabies vaccine, enikwa iintsuku ezimbalwa zilandelelana. Nangona kunjalo, kwezinye iimeko, ukongeza kuloo vaccine, kunikwa olunye ugonyo olubaluleke kakhulu nolukhethekileyo. Loo yiRabies Immune Globulin, okanye i-RIG ngamafutshane. Namhlanje sithetha ngolu gonyo lukhethekileyo olukukhusela ngoko nangoko.
Yintoni iRabies Immune Globulin (RIG)?
Ngamafutshane, le ayilogonyo lokugonya irabies. Ezi zizinto ezimbini ezahlukeneyo. Makhe sibone ukuba yintoni umahluko.
Xa ufumana isitofu sokugonya i-rabies, siqeqesha umzimba wakho ukwenza ii-antibodies ezinokulwa ne-rabies virus. Kufana nokuqeqesha umkhosi wakho. Kodwa kuthatha iintsuku ezininzi ukuba lo mkhosi uqeqeshwe kwaye ulungele imfazwe.
Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ukulunywa sisilwanyana kukhulu, okanye ukuba ukulunywa kukwindawo apho intsholongwane inokufikelela khona ngokukhawuleza ebuchotsheni (umzekelo, ebusweni, entanyeni, ezandleni), asinalo ixesha lokulinda umkhosi wethu ukuba uqeqeshwe. Kulapho ke iqela elikhethekileyo elibizwa ngokuba yiRabies Immune Globulin (RIG) lisiza khona.
I-RIG sisisombululo esiqulathe inani elikhulu lee-antibodies ezilungiselelwe kwangaphambili kwaye zilungele ukulwa. Xa zifakwa emzimbeni wakho, ezo antibodies ziya ngqo ekulweni nentsholongwane yesifo somqala. Kufana nokuba neyunithi yemikhosi ekhethekileyo eziswa ngaphandle ukuze ikukhusele ngelixa umkhosi wakho uqeqeshwa.
Ezi antibodies zifunyanwa kwi-plasma yegazi yabantu abaphilileyo abanamandla okuzikhusela kwisifo somgada. Kodwa ungakhathazeki, ziyavavanywa kakhulu, zicocwe, kwaye zilungiswe ngendlela ekhuselekileyo ngokupheleleyo.
Kuxa kutheni apho olu gonyo lufuneka khona?
Ugonyo lwe-RIG alusoloko lunikwa emva kokulunywa sisilwanyana. Ugqirha okunyangayo ugqiba kwelokuba kuyimfuneko okanye akunjalo. Uqwalasela izinto ezininzi.
- Yintoni isilwanyana?: Uhlobo lwesilwanyana, njengenja, ikati, ilulwane, okanye impuku.
- Uhlobo lwenxeba: nokuba yayilukulunywa, ngumkrwelo, okanye nokuba amathe esilwanyana ayekwisikhumba esonakeleyo.
- Indawo yokwenzakala: Iingozi ezenzeka kufutshane nobuchopho nakwiindawo ezinemithambo-luvo emininzi (ubuso, intamo, izandla, iminwe, indawo yesini) zezona zisengozini enkulu.
- Ubunzima benxeba: Amanxeba anzulu agqobhoze ulusu, kunye namanxeba aphuma igazi, asengozini enkulu.
- Imeko yesilwanyana:Nokuba sisilwanyana sasekhaya esigcinwe ekhaya kwaye sigonyelwe i-rabies ngexesha elifanelekileyo, okanye isilwanyana esilahlekileyo esingenamnini, kubalulekile ukuqwalasela ukuba isilwanyana singabonwa na iintsuku ezili-10-14.
Emva kokuqwalasela konke oku, kuphela xa ugqirha evakalelwa kukuba umngcipheko wokufumana intsholongwane uphezulu apho olu gonyo lwe-RIG luza kunikwa ukongeza kugonyo oluqhelekileyo lwerabies.
Zeziphi izinto ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka uxelele ugqirha ngazo?
Ngaphambi kokuba ufumane ugonyo lwe-RIG, ugqirha wakho uza kukubuza imibuzo embalwa. Kubalulekile ukuba ukhuseleko lwakho lucace kwezi zinto.
- Izifo zokopha: Ukuba unesifo sokopha.
- Ukunqongophala kwe-IgA: Ukuba une-antibody enqongopheleyo ebizwa ngokuba yi-IgA (IgA deficiency). Le yimeko engaqhelekanga, kodwa ukuba uyazi ngayo, qiniseka ukuba uyayixela.
- Ezinye iindlela zokugonya: Ukuba usandul’ ukufumana naluphi na ugonyo, okanye ucwangciselwe ukulufumana kungekudala.
- Amayeza okulwa nokugabha kwegazi: Ukuba uthatha amayeza okunciphisa igazi (umz., i-Aspirin, i-Warfarin, i-Clopidogrel).
- Ii-Allergies: Ukuba wakha waba ne-allergy kuhlobo lwe-immune globulin, elinye iyeza, ukutya, okanye idayi.
- Ukukhulelwa: Ukuba ukhulelwe, uzama ukukhulelwa, okanye uncancisa.
Inikwa njani le gonyo?
Eli asiloyeza lokusetyenziswa ekhaya. Liyeza lokugonya elinikwa kuphela yingcali yezempilo esibhedlele okanye ekliniki .
Indlela enikwa ngayo isitofu ikhethekile kancinci. Ugqirha ubala idosi ye-RIG oyifunayo aze ayifake kangangoko kunokwenzeka ngqo kwinxeba lokulunywa sisilwanyana nangaphakathi kwaso . Yiyo leyo ingongoma ephambili apho intsholongwane ingena khona emzimbeni. Injongo kukuyicima intsholongwane apho. Ukuba kukho okuseleyo emva kwaloo sitofu, ifakwa kwisiqwenga esikhulu senyama, njengegxalaba okanye ithanga.
Kunye nalo mgonyo, uza kunikwa nedosi yokuqala yothotho lwemigonyo eqhelekileyo yerabies, efakwa kwenye indawo emzimbeni wakho.
Zithini iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinokubakho?
Njengayo nayiphi na iyeza, ugonyo lwe-RIG lunokubangela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga kwabanye abantu. Nangona kunjalo, uninzi lwexesha, ezi azibalulekanga kangako.
| Imiphumela | Indlela yokunyamekela |
|---|---|
| Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinzulu ezifuna unyango olukhawulezileyo | |
Iimpendulo Ezinzima Zokwaliwa Yi-Allergic
| Ezi aziqhelekanga kakhulu, kodwa ukuba ziyenzeka, yingxamiseko. Xelela ugqirha wakho okanye umongikazi wakho ngokukhawuleza. |
| Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezingaqhelekanga, kodwa ekufuneka zixelwe ukuba ziyaqhubeka | |
| Intlungu, ukubomvu, ukudumba, okanye ukurhawuzelela kwindawo yokujova | Oku kuqhelekile, kodwa ukuba intlungu okanye ukudumba kukhulu okanye akupheli kwiintsuku ezimbalwa, yazisa ugqirha wakho. |
| Iintlungu zomzimba | Oku kungathatha usuku okanye ezimbini. Ukuba kuyaqhubeka, yazisa ugqirha wakho. |
| Umkhuhlane oqhelekileyo kunye nentloko ebuhlungu | Ezi zifo zihlala ziphela emva kosuku olunye. Ukuba ziyaqhubeka, yazisa ugqirha wakho. |
Ngaba kuya kubakho iingxaki ngamanye amayeza?
Ewe, kukho into enye ekufuneka uyilumkele ngokukodwa: izitofu zentsholongwane eziphilayo .
I-RIG yi-antibody elungiselelweyo. Ngoko ke emva kokuba ufumane olu gonyo, ukuba ufumana ugonyo lwe-virus ephilayo efana ne-measles, i-mumps, i-rubella (MMR) okanye i-chickenpox, ii-antibodies ezikwi-RIG zinokulwa ne-virus ebuthathaka ekwi-vaccine kwaye ziyitshabalalise. Emva koko awuyi kufumana ugonyo olufunayo kuloo gonyo.
Ngoko ke, ukuba ufumene ugonyo lwe-RIG kwaye ufuna olunye ugonyo oluphilayo kwiinyanga ezi-3-4 ezizayo, qiniseka ukuba uxelela ugqirha wakho ukuba ufumene ugonyo lwe-RIG . Uya kutshintsha ishedyuli yokugonya okanye akunike idosi eyongezelelweyo (i-booster) ukuba kuyimfuneko.
Kuthekani ukuba ndithatha amayeza amaninzi kakhulu?
Ekubeni oku kunikwa esibhedlele, akukho thuba lokufumana ngaphezu kwedosi emiselweyo. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ukrokrela into efana nale, yazisa ngokukhawuleza iZiko loLwazi lweePoison kwiSibhedlele sikaZwelonke saseColombo okanye kwiYunithi yoNyango oluNgxamisekileyo (ETU) ekufutshane.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Rabies Immune Globulin (RIG) ayilogonyo lwe-rabies. Yingqokelela yee-antibodies ezenziwe kwangaphambili ezikhusela ngokukhawuleza kwi-rabies virus.
- Oku akunikwa wonke umntu oye walunywa sisilwanyana. Ngokuxhomekeke kubukhulu kunye nomngcipheko wokwenzakala, ugqirha uya kugqiba ukuba kuyimfuneko na.
- Uninzi lwale mijovo lufakwa enxebeni nangaphakathi kwalo, nto leyo ebulala intsholongwane kanye apho ingena khona emzimbeni.
- Ngaphambi kokuba ufumane i-RIG vaccine, xelela ugqirha wakho ngokucacileyo ngezinye izifo zakho, amayeza owasebenzisayo, kunye nee-aleji.
- Ukusebenza kakuhle kwezitofu eziphilayo kunokuncipha kangangeenyanga ezi-3-4 emva kokufumana isitofu se-RIG. Ngoko ke, qhagamshelana nogqirha wakho ngaphambi kokuba ufumane naluphi na olunye ugonyo.
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