Izinto ekufuneka uzazi malunga nomkhuhlane we-Rat-Bite!

Ngaba unazo iimpuku endlwini yakho? Ngamanye amaxesha asiyihoyi kakhulu iimpuku, akunjalo? Kodwa ubusazi na ukuba ukulunywa yimpuku, ukukrwela, okanye ukudibana namathe ayo, umchamo, okanye ilindle kunokubangela isifo esiyingozi? Esinye sezifo esiza kuthetha ngaso namhlanje yi-rat-bite fever, okanye `(Rat-bite Fever)`. Oku kunqabile kancinci, kodwa ukuba akuphathwanga kakuhle, kunokuba yingozi ebomini. Ngoko ke, masifumanise okungakumbi ngale nto, akunjalo?

Yintoni i-Rat-Bite Fever?

Ngamafutshane, umkhuhlane weempuku sisifo esibangelwa ziintlobo ezimbini zeebhaktheriya . Sisasazeka kakhulu ngokulunywa yimpuku enesifo. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba silunywe yimpuku, okanye ukuba sidibana nezinto ezifana namathe eempuku, ilindle (oko kukuthi, umchamo ), okanye umchamo (umchamo), singasifumana esi sifo.

Olu luhlobo losulelo olubi, ngamanye amaxesha olubulalayo. Ngoko ke ukuba uneempawu zesi sifo emva kokulunywa yimpuku, kufuneka ubone ugqirha ngoko nangoko .

Ngaba kukho iintlobo zomkhuhlane weempuku?

Ewe, zimbini iintlobo zeebhaktheriya ezibangela umkhuhlane wokulunywa ziimpuku. Ngoko ke, umkhuhlane wokulunywa ziimpuku unokwahlulwa ube ziintlobo ezimbini: 1. Umkhuhlane wokulunywa ziimpuku obizwa ngokuba yiStreptobacillary:

• Unobangela woku yintsholongwane ethi `Streptobacillus moniliformis (S. moniliformis)`.
• Olu hlobo lubonakala kakhulu kumazwe afana ne-United States.
• Ngamanye amaxesha, ukuba esi sifo sibangelwa kukusela ubisi olungagayiwanga olunebhaktheriya, sikwabizwa ngokuba yi-`(Haverhill fever)`.

2. Umkhuhlane we-Spiraly Rat-Luke Fever:

• Unobangela woku yintsholongwane ethi `Spirillum minus (S. minus)`.
• Olu hlobo lubonakala kakhulu kumazwe aseAsia.
• Kodwa le ntsholongwane `(S. minus)` ayidluliselwa ngokutya okanye ngokusela .
• Olu hlobo lukwabizwa ngokuba yi-`(Sodoku)`.

Zombini ezi ntlobo zeebhaktheriya zihlala emlonyeni nakwimiqolo ephezulu yokuphefumla yezilwanyana ezifana neempuku.

Ngaba esi sifo sinokudluliselwa kwezinye izilwanyana?

Ewe, ukongeza kwiimpuku, ezinye izilwanyana zinokuthwala iintsholongwane ezibangela umkhuhlane weempuku. Phakathi kwazo:

• Iimpuku
• Iisquirrels
• IiGerbils - Ezi zigcinwa njengezilwanyana zasekhaya.
• Iihagu zaseGuinea - Ezi zizilwanyana zasekhaya.

Ukongeza kwezi zilwanyana, kuthiwa umkhuhlane weempuku unokunxulunyaniswa nezi zilwanyana zilandelayo, kunqabile kakhulu, kodwa akukho phando lungako olwenziweyo ngale nto:

• Izinja
• Iikati
• Iinkomo (ezifana neenkomo, iinkunzi)
• Iihagu
• IiFerrets
• IiTurkey
• Iingwenya
• Iiprimates ezingezizo ezomntu (ezifana neegorila, iinkawu)

Ixhaphake kangakanani i-regut fever?

Yintoni i-real flu yempuku?Sisifo esingaqhelekanga kakhulu . Umzekelo, eMelika, kukho phakathi kwama-20,000 nama-40,000 amatyala abikiweyo okulunywa ziimpuku ngonyaka. Nangona kunjalo, ithuba lokuba umntu alunywe yimpuku li-10% kuphela. Oko kuthetha ukuba kukho phakathi kwama-2,000 nama-4,000 amatyala abikiweyo okulunywa ziimpuku ngonyaka. Kodwa nantsi enye into. Kwamanye amazwe, ukulunywa ziimpuku akuyongxaki inokuxelwa. Oko kuthetha ukuba oogqirha abakujongi njengomngcipheko omkhulu kwimpilo yoluntu, ngoko ke ayizizo zonke iimeko ezixelwayo. Ngoko ke, inani langempela lamatyala okulunywa ziimpuku linokuba phezulu kunezi ziqikelelo.

Ziziphi iimpawu zokuqala zomkhuhlane weenyosi?

Nangona zombini ezi ntlobo zomkhuhlane weempuku esithethe ngazo ngaphambili zineempawu ezifanayo, kukho umahluko othile.

Iimpawu zeStreptobacillary Rat-Bite Fever:

Iimpawu zihlala zibonakala phakathi kweentsuku ezi-3 ukuya kwezili-10 emva kokosulelwa yile ntsholongwane (`S. moniliformis`).

• Intloko ebuhlungu
• Ifiva
• Isicaphucaphu nokuhlanza
• Ukurhawuzelela kwesikhumba - ingakumbi ezijikeleze izandla neenyawo.
• Intlungu yamalungu
• Intlungu yemisipha

Iimpawu zomkhuhlane we-Spirary Rat-Bite:

Iimpawu ziqala phakathi kweentsuku ezisi-7 nezingama-21 emva kokosulelwa yile ntsholongwane (`S. minus`).

• Umkhuhlane ophinda ubuye - Oku kuthetha ukuba umkhuhlane uyafika, uphele emva kweentsuku ezimbalwa, uze ubuye.
• Izilonda zesikhumba kunye/okanye ukudumba okujikeleze ukulunywa
• Ii-lymph nodes ezivuvukileyo
• Ukuqhambuka kwesikhumba

Yintoni ebangela umkhuhlane wengca?

Eyona nto ibangela umkhuhlane weempuku ziintlobo ezimbini zeentsholongwane esizikhankanyileyo ngaphambili, `S. moniliformis` kunye `S. minus`. Ezi ntsholongwane zihlala emizimbeni yezilwanyana ezifana neempuku. Ezo zilwanyana ziindawo ezihlala ezi ntsholongwane kuphela. Uninzi lwexesha, nokuba ezo zilwanyana zinazo ezi ntsholongwane, azibonisi zimpawu zesifo .

Abantu bayifumana njani le sifo?

Umkhuhlane weempuku udla ngokusasazeka ngokulunywa okanye ukukrwelwa yimpuku okanye esinye isilwanyana esineentsholongwane. Nangona kunjalo, iintsholongwane ze-`S. moniliformis` kunye ne-`S. minus` nazo zinokusasazeka ngale ndlela:

• Ngokuchukumisa indawo engcoliswe yincindi (amathe, umchamo, ilindle) yempuku okanye esinye isilwanyana esinentsholongwane, uze uchukumise inxeba emzimbeni ngesandla esifanayo, okanye ngokuchukumisa umlomo, impumlo, okanye amehlo . Khawucinge nje, bekukho impuku ekhoneni lendlu yakho, kwaye bekukho intwana yenkunkuma yayo ndaweni ithile, uze uyichukumise ufake isandla sakho emlonyeni wakho... yiloo nto inokwenzeka.
• Ngokutya ukutya okanye iziselo eziqulathe le ntsholongwane. Oku kwenzeka xa incindi evela kwisilwanyana esinentsholongwane ingena ekutyeni okanye kwisiselo.

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba umkhuhlane weempuku awudluliselwa komnye umntu uye komnye .

Ngubani onokuthi abe nomkhuhlane weempuku?

Enyanisweni, nabani na odibana nempuku okanye esinye isilwanyana esosulelekileyo unokufumana umkhuhlane weempuku. Uxhaphake kakhulu eMelika naseAsia. Usenokuba sengozini enkulu ukuba:

• Ukuba ugcina iimpuku okanye ezinye iimpuku ezincinci njengezilwanyana zasekhaya (umz. iimpuku, iihagu zeGuinea).
• Ukuba ukhulisa iimpuku ukuze zondle ezinye izilwanyana (umz. iinyoka).
• Ukuba uchitha ixesha kwiindawo apho iimpuku okanye ezinye izilwanyana ezincinci zixhaphake khona .
• Ukuba uhlala udibana neempuku, izilwanyana ezincinci, okanye ezinye izilwanyana (umz., ukuba usebenza evenkileni yezilwanyana zasekhaya, ukuba wenza uphando ngezilwanyana).
• Ukuba unenkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela ebuthathaka .

Ziziphi iingxaki ezinokubakho ngenxa yomkhuhlane weempuku?

Ibhaktheriya ethi `S. moniliformis` kunye ne `S. minus` zinokusasazeka ziye kwezinye iindawo zomzimba wakho kwaye zibangele usulelo olukhulu. Umzekelo:

• Usulelo lobuchopho kunye nomqolo (umz., i-meningitis)
• Izifo ezinxulumene nentliziyo (umz. i-Endocarditis, i-Myocarditis, i-Pericarditis)
• Usulelo lwezintso (umz. i-Nephritis)
• Usulelo lwesibindi (umz. iHepatitis)
• Usulelo lwemiphunga (umz. i-pneumonia)

Ukuba ayinyangwa kakuhle, umkhuhlane weempuku ungabulala , ingakumbi nge-Streptobacillary RBF, enokubulala abantu abafikelela kwi-10%.

Ungayibona njani i-rat fever?

Ugqirha uza kuyixilonga le nto. Uza kuthatha imbali yakho yezonyango, akubuze ngeempawu zakho, aze akuhlole ngokwasemzimbeni . Ukuba ugqirha ukrokrela ukuba une-strep throat, uza kuthatha uvavanyo lwegazi okanye isampuli yolwelo oluvela kumalungu akho aze aluthumele kwilabhoratri ukujonga ukuba kukho intsholongwane ethi `S. moniliformis` okanye `S. minus`.

Ngaba umkhuhlane weempuku unganyangeka?

Ewe, ngokuqinisekileyo! Ingakumbi ukuba esi sifo sifunyenwe kwaye sinyangwa kwangethuba.Umkhuhlane weempuku uyanyangeka ngokupheleleyo. Ngoko ke ukuba uneempawu zomkhuhlane weempuku emva kokudibana neempuku, bonana nogqirha ngokukhawuleza.

Inyangwa njani i-rat fever?

Khawucinge ukuba ulunywe okanye ukrwelwe yimpuku okanye esinye isilwanyana esincinci. Into yokuqala omawuyenze kukuhlamba inxeba kakuhle ngamanzi acocekileyo kunye nesepha yokulwa neentsholongwane . Ukuba kunokwenzeka, yongeza i-hydrogen peroxide encinci. Emva koko, yomisa inxeba ngelaphu elicocekileyo, uthambise into efana neoyile yokubulala iintsholongwane , kwaye uyigqume ngebhandishi ecocekileyo. Okulandelayo, bonana nogqirha ngoko nangoko . Kusenokwenzeka ukuba uya kukunika ii-antibiotics ukulawula usulelo. Usenokufuna ukuthatha la mayeza kangangeeveki ezimbini. Oku kunokuquka:

• `I-Penicillin`
• `I-Ceftriaxone`
• `I-Ampicillin`
• `I-Amoxicillin`
• I- Doxycycline ( iDoxycycline ) (iDoxycycline)

La mayeza okubulala iintsholongwane angathathwa njengeepilisi okanye anikwe ngemithambo yegazi (IV). Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuthatha yonke imithi oyinikwe ngugqirha wakho, nokuba uzive ungcono kancinci . Ukuba awuziva ungcono, umkhuhlane ungabuya kwaye kube nzima ukuwunyanga.

Ndingaphila ngokukhawuleza kangakanani emva konyango?

Abantu abaninzi baqala ukuziva bebhetele kwiintsuku ezimbalwa emva kokuqala unyango lwe-hay fever.

Lithini ikamva ukuba unesifo seempuku?

Uninzi lwabantu abafumana umkhuhlane bayaphila ngokupheleleyo emva konyango ngaphandle kwemiphumo yexesha elide .

Angakanani amathuba okufa ngenxa yomkhuhlane weempuku?

Umngcipheko wokufa ngenxa yomkhuhlane weempuku umalunga ne-10% . Lo mngcipheko ungancitshiswa ngokufuna uncedo lwezonyango kwangoko emva kokulunywa ziimpuku, ngelixa ulumkile, okanye xa kuvela iimpawu.

Ngaba umkhuhlane weempuku ungathintelwa?

Ngokuqinisekileyo! Ungawunciphisa umngcipheko wakho wokuba nomkhuhlane wengca ngokulandela la macebiso:

• Ziphephe iimpuku nezinye izilwanyana ezincinci (iimpuku) . Ziphephe iindawo apho zinendle khona.
• Ukuba kufuneka ususe ilindle leempuku okanye lezilwanyana ezincinci, nxiba iiglavu zerabha, iiglasi zeglasi, kunye nemaski egquma impumlo nomlomo wakho .
• Sula iindawo apho kukho ilindle leempuku okanye lezilwanyana ezincinci ngesibulali-ntsholongwane .
• Ukuba kukho imingxunya endlwini yakho, yivale . Oku kuya kuthintela iimpuku nezinye izilwanyana ezincinci ukuba zingangeni ngaphakathi.
• Misela imigibe yeempuku . Oku kuya kunceda ekunciphiseni inani leempuku endlwini.
• Musa ukushiya ukutya ekhaya.. Musa ukushiya ukutya ngaphandle, nokuba ukhempisha. Iimpuku nezinye izilwanyana ezincinci ziza kwiindawo apho zinokufumana khona ukutya ngokulula. Sifanele sikugcine ukutya okunjalo kugqunywe kakuhle emakhayeni ethu nasemakhitshini.

Ukuba ndinomkhuhlane weempuku, ndingazinyamekela njani?

Ukuba une-hay fever, ezi zinto zinokukunceda:

• Gcina inxeba lakho licocekile . Lihlambe ngesepha namanzi, uze uligqume ngebhandishi ecocekileyo.
• Sela amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane kanye njengoko ugqirha wakho ekuyalele . Seta i-alamu kwifowuni yakho okanye kwenye into ukuze ikukhumbuze ukuba uthathe amayeza akho ngexesha.
• Hlala unamanzi emzimbeni . Ukusela amanzi kunceda ekupheliseni usulelo emzimbeni.

Ndifanele ndimbone nini ugqirha?

Umkhuhlane weempuku sisifo esibi kakhulu esinokubeka ubomi esichengeni ngokukhawuleza, ingakumbi ukuba unesifo sokuzikhusela komzimba esibuthathaka. Ukuba ulunywe yimpuku, isilwanyana esincinci, okanye esinye isilwanyana kwaye uneempawu zomkhuhlane weempuku, bona ugqirha ngoko nangoko. Kwakhona, ukuba unesifo seempuku kwaye iimpawu zakho aziphucuki emva konyango, kufuneka ubone ugqirha.

Yeyiphi imibuzo omele uyibuze ugqirha?

Xa usiya kugqirha, ungabuza imibuzo efana nale:

• Ndiyifumene njani le ngqele?
• Ukuba andinawo umkhuhlane weempuku, zeziphi ezinye izifo endinokuba nazo?
• Loluphi unyango olucebisayo?
• Ndingenza ntoni ukuba ndiphoswe yidosi yee-antibiotics?
• Zeziphi iimpawu ekufuneka ndizijonge ezibonisa ukuba umkhuhlane wam weempuku uya usiba mandundu?

Ngaba iimpuku zam zasekhaya zingafumana umkhuhlane weempuku?

Ewe, igundane lakho linokufumana umkhuhlane weempuku. Iimpuku, izilwanyana ezincinci, kunye nezinye izilwanyana zasekhaya zinokuthwala intsholongwane ethi `S. moniliformis` kunye ne `S. minus`, kodwa azibonisi zimpawu zicacileyo . Zinokosulela le ntsholongwane ngokudibana ngqo nenye igundane enesifo, okanye ngokutya okanye emanzini angcolileyo. Nangona zinqabile, ezinye izilwanyana zasekhaya ezidibana neempuku ezinesifo (umz., izinja okanye iikati ezizingela okanye ezitya iimpuku) nazo zinokusasaza le ntsholongwane. Iimpuku kunye nezinye izilwanyana ezincinci zinokuba zintle kakhulu kwaye zithandeke. Abantu abaninzi bazigcina njengezilwanyana zasekhaya ngenxa yesi sizathu. Nangona kunjalo, zinokuthwala iintsholongwane ezinokukwenza ugule. Iintsholongwane ezimbini ezinjalo yi `Streptobacillus moniliformis` kunye ne `Spirillum minus`. Ezi zezona zinto zibangela umkhuhlane weempuku. Umkhuhlane weempuku sisifo esingaqhelekanga kodwa esinzulu esenzeka emva kokudibana ngokusondeleyo nesilwanyana esinesifo. Ukuba awunyangwanga kakuhle, unokubulala . Ke, ukuba ubonakalisa iimpawu zomkhuhlane weempuku emva kokukrwelwa, ukulunywa, okanye ukuvezwa kwiimpuku yigundane okanye esinye isilwanyana, bona ugqirha ngoko nangoko . Okukhona ufuna unyango ngokukhawuleza, kokukhona amathuba akho okuchacha ngokupheleleyo ngaphandle kweengxaki ayanda.

Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya

Kulungile, ngoko ke sithethe kakhulu nge-Rat-Bite Fever namhlanje, akunjalo? Nazi ezinye zezinto ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka uzikhumbule:

• I-Maasles ayisosifo esinokudlalwa ngaso. Sisifo esibangelwa yintsholongwane, ukuba asinyangwa kakuhle, sinokuba yingozi kwaye sisongela ubomi.
• Ukuba ubonakalisa iimpawu zomkhuhlane weempuku (ezifana nomkhuhlane, intloko ebuhlungu, isicaphucaphu, kunye nentlungu yamalungu) emva kokulunywa, ukukrwelwa, okanye ukuchanabeka kwinkunkuma yeempuku, bona ugqirha ngokukhawuleza. Unyango lwangethuba lolona lulungileyo.
• Ukuthintela yeyona ndlela ilungileyo yokwenza izinto. Gcina ikhaya lakho lingenazo iimpuku, ligcine licocekile, kwaye gcina ukutya neziselo zigqunyiwe. Izinto ezilula ezifana nezi zinokwenza umahluko omkhulu.
• Ukuba ugcina izilwanyana ezifana neempuku njengezilwanyana zasekhaya, lumka ngococeko xa uziphatha. Nxiba iiglavu xa ucoca iikheyiji zazo.

Ndiyathemba ukuba olu lwazi luluncedo kuwe. Hlala usempilweni! Umkhuhlane weRat-bite, i-RBF, usulelo lwebhaktheriya, umkhuhlane weRat-bite, ukulunywa zizilwanyana, iimpawu zomkhuhlane