Ingaba umhlathi wakho uyatshixa? Masifunde ngqo nge-tetanus!

Ngaba wakha weva nge "tetanus" okanye "isifo se-lockjaw"? Mhlawumbi xa wawusengumntwana, xa wawa okanye wenzakala, umama wakho wayesithi, "Lumka, kufuneka ufumane inaliti ye-tetanus." Oku kuyoyikisa kancinci, kodwa ukuba unolwazi olufanelekileyo, kulula kakhulu ukuyithintela. Namhlanje, masithethe ngokuba yintoni i-tetanus, indlela ekhula ngayo, kunye nento esinokuyenza ngayo.

Yintoni iTetanus? Masiyiqonde ngokulula

Ngamafutshane, i-tetanus yimeko apho izihlunu zakho ziqina kwaye zishukuma ngokungalawulekiyo. Oku kubangelwa yintsholongwane ebizwa ngokuba yiClostridium tetani engena emzimbeni wakho. Xa le ntsholongwane ingena, ivelisa ityhefu . Le tyhefu ichaphazela inkqubo yakho yemithambo-luvo kwaye iphazamise ukusebenza kwezihlunu zakho. Oku ngamanye amaxesha kunokuba yingozi ebomini . Kodwa eyona nto ilungileyo kukuba le meko inokuthintelwa ngokugonywa . Yiyo loo nto esi sifo sinqabile kumazwe aphuhlileyo njenge-United States.

Ngaba kukho iintlobo eziphambili zelindle?

Ewe, oogqirha bachonge iintlobo ezine eziphambili ze-flatulence:

• I-tetanus eqhelekileyo: Olu lolona hlobo luqhelekileyo . Kule meko, izihlunu zomzimba wonke, ingakumbi intamo nomhlathi, ziyafinyela ngokuqinileyo. Oku kunokubonwa ekungakwazini ukuvula umlomo kunye nentamo etsalwayo.
• I-tetanus yosana olusandul’ ukuzalwa: Oku kuchaphazela iintsana ezizelwe zingadlulanga iintsuku ezingama-28 zokuzalwa . Akuqhelekanga kumazwe aphuhlileyo kuba oomama bagonyelwa i-tetanus ngexesha lokukhulelwa . Nangona kunjalo, inokwenzeka kwiindawo ezingenayo inyameko yezempilo kwaye zingafumani nkonzo ingako yokugonyelwa. Intsholongwane ingena eluswini ngentambo yosana.
• I-tetanus ekwindawo ethile: Kulapho kuphela izihlunu ezijikeleze inxeba apho iintsholongwane zingene khona emzimbeni eziba nzima khona . Oku akuqhelekanga kangako, kodwa ngamanye amaxesha kunokuphuhla kube yi-tetanus eqhelekileyo.
• I-Cephalic tetanus: Le ifana ne-tetanus yendawo, kodwa ichaphazela imithambo-luvo ekhakhayini lwakho (imithambo-luvo yentloko) . Oku kuthetha ukuba iimpawu zisentloko nasebusweni bakho.

Zithini iimpawu zokuphuphuma kwesisu? Uzibona njani?

Iimpawu zokukruneka zibangelwa yimiphumo yetyhefu yebhaktheriya ekhankanyiweyo kwinkqubo yakho yemithambo-luvo. Ngokwesiqhelo, izihlunu zethu ziyakruneka kwaye ziphumle ngokusekelwe kwimiqondiso evela kwinkqubo yemithambo-luvo. Nangona kunjalo, le tyhefu yokukruneka ithintela izihlunu ekufumaneni imiqondiso yokuba ziphumle. Oku kubangela ukuba izihlunu ziqine kwaye zikruneke ngokungalawulekiyo . Iimpawu eziphambili zingabandakanya:

• Ubunzima bokuginya (dysphagia) okanye ubunzima bokuphefumla (dyspnea) .
• Ukuvuza amathe .
• Uncumo oluqinileyo luncumo oluzenzekelayo oluvela ngenxa yokuxinana kwezihlunu zobuso.
• Ukungakwazi ukuvula umlomo ngenxa yokuqina kwemisipha kwindawo yomhlathi (`trismus`) . Oku kukwabizwa ngokuba yi "jaw lock".
• Ukushukuma kwemisipha esiswini, emqolo, ezingalweni, okanye emilenzeni. Ngamanye amaxesha oku kushukuma kunokwandiswa kukukhanya okukhulu okanye ingxolo .
• Uxinzelelo lwemisipha lubangela ukuba intamo nomqolo zitsalwe umva (opisthotonos) . Kufana nesaphetha.
• Kusenokubakho ukuxhuzula .

Kubalulekile: Ukuba ufumana enye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi mpawu, ingakumbi emva kokwenzakala, kufuneka ufune iingcebiso zonyango ngokukhawuleza.

Uxinzelelo lunokuchaphazela inkqubo yakho yemithambo-luvo ezimeleyo , elilungu lomzimba wakho elilawula izinto ezifana nokuphefumla kunye nesantya sentliziyo. Kungathatha iintsuku ezimbalwa ukuba ezi mpawu zibonakale. Ziquka:

• Umkhuhlane kunye nokubila .
• Igazi elonyukayo .
• Ukwanda kwesantya sentliziyo ( i-tachycardia ).
• Ukuchama okungalawulekiyo (`ukungakwazi ukuzibamba`) kunye nokuhamba kwamathumbu (`ukungakwazi ukuzibamba`).

Yintoni ebangela i-acne? Le bhaktiriya ingena njani emzimbeni?

I-Tetanus ibangelwa yityhefu eveliswa yibhaktiriya iClostridium tetani (C. tetani). I-Tetanus ayidluliselwa ukusuka komnye umntu ukuya komnye . Intsholongwane ye-tetanus ingangena enxebeni njenge-spore okanye njengebhaktiriya esebenzayo (i-bacilli) . I-spore kunzima ukuyibulala kwaye inokusinda emanzini abilayo. Ezi spore zifumaneka kakhulu emhlabeni, ingakumbi umhlaba ongcoliswe ngumgquba wezilwanyana.. Amanxeba anzulu kunye nokubhobozwa zezona ndawo zinokwenzeka ukuba le ntsholongwane ingene kuzo. Ukuvuvukala okuhambisana namanxeba anzulu kudla ngokuba nzima kakhulu. Ezinye zeendlela le ntsholongwane enokungena ngazo enxebeni zezi:

• Ukwenzakala apho amathambo aqhekeka aze aphume ngesikhumba (`ukuqhekeka okudibeneyo`) .
• Ukulimala kokutsha.
• Ukwenzakala kokutyunyuzwa.
• Usulelo lwamazinyo.
• Ukuba ukulunywa zizinambuzane okanye ukulunywa zinja kuba yinto engcolileyo.
• Amanxeba otyando.
• Ukusebenzisa iinaliti ezingcolileyo okanye izixhobo zonyango.
• Izinto ezifana nokwenzakala okuncinci, imikrwelo, kunye nokulunywa ziinzipho okwenzeka ekhaya.

Khawucinge nje, ubusebenza egadini waza wabhajwa kwisikhonkwane esinomhlwa, okanye wawa waza wenzakala kancinci ngelixa udlala. Eli lixesha apho kufuneka unyamekele ulusu lwakho.

Nangona amanxeba iyeyona ndlela ixhaphakileyo yokungena kwentsholongwane, abantu abaninzi abakhumbuli ukuba leliphi inxeba elibangele ukurhawuzelelwa . Izifundo zibonise ukuba mhlawumbi kwi-50% yezigulana, inxeba elithile alinakuchongwa.

Ngubani osengozini enkulu yokufumana i-eczema?

Kukho izinto ezininzi ezibangela umngcipheko wokukhula kwe-acne:

• Ubudala: Abantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-65 basenokungakhuseleki kangako kwigonyo lemasisi kuba ukusebenza kwalo mgomo kuyehla ngokuhamba kwexesha. Kwakhona, abantu abaninzi kweli qela leminyaka bazalwa ngaphambi kokuba ugonyo lwemasisi lufumaneke ngokubanzi.
• Ukungagqibi ukugonywa: Ukugonywa kwe-measles kunikwa ngeedosi ezahlukeneyo. Ukuba awugqibi zonke, awuyi kukhuselwa ngokupheleleyo.
• Isifo seswekile: Ngokwezibalo zaseMelika, kukho umkhwa wokuba abantu abanesifo seswekile babe namaqhakuva.
• Abantu abane-immune system ebuthathaka: Abantu abane-immune system ebuthathaka banamathuba amaninzi osulelo lweli bhaktiriya.
• Abantu abafaka iziyobisi: Aba bantu basengozini enkulu yokusebenzisa iinaliti ezingcolileyo.

Iintsana ezisandul’ ukuzalwa ziba namaqhakuva e-diaper? Zithini izizathu?

I-tetanus yosana olusandul’ ukuzalwa idla ngokuvela kwiintsana ezisandul’ ukuzalwa ukuba umama akanayo i-tetanus . Ukuba umama akagonywanga, umntwana akayi kukhuselwa. Umntwana angayifumana intsholongwane nakweyiphi na inxeba. Kwiintsana, idla ngokubangelwa kukunqunyulwa kwe-umbilical cord . Izinto eziphambili ezibangela i-tetanus yosana olusandul’ ukuzalwa zezi:

• Umama ongagonywanga okanye ongagonywanga ngokupheleleyo.
• Ukosuleleka kwenxeba le-umbilical cord ngenxa yezinto ezifana nokusebenzisa izixhobo ezingcolileyo ukusika i-umbilical cord okanye ukungagcini i-umbilical cord icocekile .

Ziziphi iingxaki ezinokubakho xa kuphuma umchamo?

Iingxaki ezahlukeneyo zinokwenzeka ngenxa yokuzilolonga kakhulu. Ezinye zibangelwa kukuxinana kwemisipha, ngelixa ezinye zibangelwa kukungasebenzi kakuhle kwenkqubo yemithambo-luvo ezimeleyo. Ezinye zezi ngxaki ziquka:

• Ukuphefumla nzima ngenxa yokuxinana kwemisipha kwindlela yomoya.
• Amahlwili egazi.
• Ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwezintso.
• I-Sepsis ( ityhefu yegazi).
• Ukufa.

Le yimeko enzima kakhulu, ngoko ke nokuba yingozi encinci akufanele ithathwe lula.

Oogqirha bayixilonga njani i-thrush?

Akukho vavanyo luthile lwelabhoratri lokuxilonga okanye ukuqinisekisa i-phlegm. Ugqirha wakho uza kuxilonga i-phlegm ngokusekelwe kwiimpawu zakho . Baza kwenza uvavanyo lomzimba baze babuze ngembali yakho yezonyango. Ngamanye amaxesha ugqirha wakho angasebenzisa into ebizwa ngokuba yi-" spatula test ." Oku kuquka ukuthatha isixhobo esithambileyo, okanye i-spatula, uze usichukumise ngasemva komqala wakho ngaphakathi emlonyeni wakho. Ngokwesiqhelo, oku kuya kukwenza uvale umlomo kwaye ufune ukuyikhafula (gag reflex). Kodwa xa umntu one-phlegm esenza oku, izihlunu zakhe ziya kuqina kwaye umhlathi wakhe uya kuqina.

Indlela yokunyanga i-eczema?

Ukuba ugqirha ukrokrela ukuba une-strep throat, uza kuqala unyango ngoko nangoko . Olu nyango lungabandakanya:

• Ukunyamekela inxeba: Ukucoca inxeba kakuhle (okubizwa ngokuba kukususa inkunkuma) nokususa izicwili ezifileyo kunokunceda ukubulala iintsholongwane, nto leyo eya kuzithintela ekuveliseni iityhefu. Oku kunokunciphisa ixesha elithathwayo ukuze usulelo luphele.
• Amayeza:
• I-antitoxin ye-tetanus: Oku kuyayekisa i-toxin ukuba ingaqhubeki nokuchaphazela umzimba.
• Ii-antibiotics: Ii-antibiotics ezifana ne-metronidazole zinokunceda ukubulala naziphi na iintsholongwane eziseleyo.
• Amayeza anjengeziphumzi zemisipha kunye ne-benzodiazepines nawo anikwa ukulawula iimpawu.
• Ukuphumla: Ngenxa yokuba ukukhanya nengxolo kunokunyusa ukuqaqamba kwemisipha, ugqirha wakho angakuxelela ukuba uphumle kwigumbi elimnyama nelizolileyo .
• Inkxaso yokuphefumla: Ukugcina umoya wakho uvulekile yeyona nto ibalulekileyo. Ukuba unengxaki yokuphefumla, kunokufuneka ufakwe kwityhubhu yokuphefumla (intubation) kwaye unikwe umoya ongeniswa ngomatshini . Usenokunikwa ne-sedation ukuze uhlale ukhululekile.

Kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuphiliswa?

Xa iimpawu zemasisi zibonakala, kungathatha malunga neeveki ezimbini ukuya kwezintathu ukuba isifo siphele ngokupheleleyo . Nangona kunjalo, imasisiKungathatha iinyanga ukuba umntu aphile ngokupheleleyo. Ugqirha wakho angakuxelela ukuba kuza kuthatha ixesha elingakanani kuxhomekeke kwimeko yakhe.

Ngaba oku akunakuthintelwa? Masifunde ngesitofu sokugonya!

I-Diphtheria sisifo esinokuthintelwa kakhulu ngokugonywa . ESri Lanka, esi sitofu sinikwa njengenxalenye yeshedyuli yokugonywa kwabantwana (ngesiqhelo njengesitofu seTriple, silandelwe sisitofu se-DT, kunye nesitofu se-Adult DT okanye i-Td).

Musa ukucinga ukuba ukuba ne-masisi kanye akuyi kukwenza ukhuseleke kuyo kwakhona. Ayikuniki ukhuselo. Indlela ekuphela kwayo yokufumana ukhuselo kukufumana ugonyo.

Kwakhona, ukhuseleko olunikwa yi-vaccine luyaphela ngokuhamba kwexesha . Yiyo loo nto udinga i-booster shot rhoqo emva kweminyaka eli-10 . Esi sesinye sezizathu zokuba abantu abadala babe semngciphekweni omkhulu wokufumana imasisi. Nokuba ugonyo lwakho luphelelwe lixesha, ukufumana i-masisi vaccine kunokusindisa ubomi bakho. Abantu abafumene ubuncinci iidosi ezintathu ze-masisi vaccine basoloko bekhuselekile kwisifo. Nokuba awugonywanga ngokupheleleyo, ubukhali besifo bunokuncipha. Ngokubanzi, udinga i-measles booster shot ukuba unenxeba elitsha, elinzulu okanye elingcolileyo, kwaye nayiphi na kwezi zilandelayo isebenza kuwe:

• Ukuba ufumene iidosi ezingaphantsi kwezintathu zoluhlu lwemithi yokugonyela imasisi.
• Ukuba awuyazi imeko yakho yokugonywa .
• Ukuba sele kudlule iminyaka eli-10 nangaphezulu ukusukela oko wagonyelwa okokugqibela .

Yintoni onokuyilindela ukuba unesifo sokurhawuzelela?

Umphimbo we-strep yimeko enzima nesongela ubomi . Kodwa ngonyango olufanelekileyo, uninzi lwabantu luyaphila . Iimpawu zihlala zibonakala malunga neveki emva kokuba iintsholongwane zingene emzimbeni. Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha iimpawu zinokubonakala kwangethuba kwiintsuku ezimbini okanye emva kweeveki ezintathu. Ukuqaqamba kwemisipha kuqala kwindawo yosulelo. Emva koko izihlunu ezijikeleze amehlo ziqala ukuqaqamba kwaye kube nzima ukuvula umlomo. Ezi ntlungu zinokuba buhlungu kwaye zisasazeke kancinci entanyeni nasemqolo. Iqela lakho lezonyango liya kuqala lizame ukugcina umoya wakho uvulekile ('intubation') . Emva koko, baya kuqala ukunyanga ezinye iimpawu. Oku kunokubandakanya ukukunika amayeza okuqaqamba kwemisipha, amayeza entlungu, kunye nokwenza ukhululeke kangangoko kunokwenzeka. Ubunzima bomphimbo wakho we-strep bungahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi. Ugqirha wakho unokukuxelela okungakumbi malunga noko unokukulindela. Banokukunika neengcebiso ngezinto ezinokukunceda njengoko ululama. Nangona kunjalo, ngonyango olufanelekileyo, amathuba okusinda nokuchacha kwi-rash mahle.

Ingaba ngokwenene umhlwa ngunobangela wokuqhambuka?

Hayi, umhlwa awusiwo obangela ukurhawuzelela.Kodwa umhlwa luphawu lokuba into ethile indala kwaye isenokuba nezinye iintsholongwane, kuquka nentsholongwane ebangela imasisi. Khawuthelekelele ukuba ubusebenza egadini waza wafumana inxeba elinzulu lokubhoboza, okanye unyathele isikhonkwane esirhabaxa ngelixa usenza imisebenzi yasekhaya. Umngcipheko wemasisi kwiimeko ezinjalo unokuphetshwa lula ngonyango olufanelekileyo. Ukuba ucinga ukuba udinga inaliti ye-'booster' yemasisi, thetha nogqirha wakho okanye uye kwigumbi likaxakeka. Banokukunika inaliti ye-'booster' ngelixa benyanga inxeba lakho.

Ukuba uneempawu zestroke, yiya kwigumbi likaxakeka lesibhedlele esikufutshane ngoko nangoko. Ngaphandle konyango olufanelekileyo, istroke inokuba yingozi. Kodwa ngonyango, amathuba akho okusinda nokuchacha mahle.

Izinto esifanele sizikhumbule kweli bali (Umyalezo Wokubuyela Ekhaya)

Nangona imasisi isisifo esoyikekayo, sinokuzikhusela kuso ukuba sinolwazi olufanelekileyo ngaso.

• I-Tetanus ibangelwa yityhefu eveliswa yintsholongwane ebizwa ngokuba yiClostridium tetani. Le ntsholongwane inokufumaneka emhlabeni, eluthulini nakwinkunkuma yezilwanyana.
• Le ntsholongwane ingena emzimbeni ngamanxeba. Ingavela kuyo nayiphi na into ukususela kumkrwelo omncinci ukuya kwinxeba elikhulu.
• Ukurhawuzelela, ukuxhuzula kwemisipha, kunye nobunzima bokuginya zezona mpawu ziphambili.
• Eyona ndlela ilungileyo yokuthintela oku kukufumana igonyo. Fumana igonyo owalinikwa usemncinci. Ungalibali ukufumana i-booster shot rhoqo emva kweminyaka eli-10.
• Ukuba ufumana inxeba, ingakumbi inxeba elinzulu nelingcolileyo, funa ingcebiso kagqirha ngoko nangoko. Qinisekisa ukuba isitofu sakho sokugonya i-tetanus sihlaziyiwe.
• Ukuba uneempawu, yiya esibhedlele ngokukhawuleza. Unyango olukhawulezileyo lunokunceda ekusindiseni ubomi.

Khumbula, impilo yakho isezandleni zakho. Lumka! I-Diphtheria, iGavriil, iTetanus, iClostridium tetani, Iintsholongwane zamanxeba, iDiphtheria vaccine, iBooster vaccine