Njengoko mhlawumbi uyazi , i-glaucoma yimeko apho uxinzelelo ngaphakathi kweliso lunyuka, nto leyo enokuwonakalisa kancinci kancinci umbono wethu. Kwiimeko ezininzi, olu xinzelelo lunokulawulwa ngamaconsi eliso . Nangona kunjalo, ngamanye amaxesha, amaconsi eliso ewodwa awakwazi ukulawula uxinzelelo elisweni . Kwiimeko ezinjalo, namhlanje sithetha ngotyando olukhethekileyo olunokucetyiswa ngugqirha wakho.
Yintoni iTrabeculectomy?
I-Trabeculectomy yinkqubo yotyando eyenziwa ukunciphisa uxinzelelo ngaphakathi kweliso olubangelwa yi-glaucoma. Ayilonyango lokuqala lwe-glaucoma. Oku kuthetha ukuba oogqirha abalucebisi olu tyando njengokhetho lokuqala. Luqwalaselwa kuphela xa ezinye iindlela zonyango, ezifana namaconsi eliso, zingakwazanga ukulawula uxinzelelo elisweni.
Ngamafutshane, kufana nokwenza umsele omtsha wokukhupha ulwelo olugqithisileyo elisweni. Olu ayilotyando olukhulu, oko kuthetha ukuba ungagoduka ngaloo mini inye.
Kwenzeka ntoni ngokwenene ngolu tyando?
Ngaphakathi kwamehlo ethu, kukho ulwelo olukhethekileyo oluyondla iliso kwaye luligcine likwimo yalo efanelekileyo. Oku sikubiza ngokuba 'yi-aqueous humor'. Olu lwelo luhlala luveliswa ngaphakathi kweliso kwaye luphuma elisweni. Kwenzeka njengomjikelo.
Nangona kunjalo, kwi-glaucoma, olu lwelo luyavalwa ukuba lungaphumi emehlweni. Olu lwelo luyaqokelelana ngaphakathi kweliso, lunyuse uxinzelelo. Olu xinzelelo luphezulu lonakalisa umthambo we-optic, odibanisa amehlo ethu nengqondo. Lo monakalo kancinci kancinci ubangela ukulahleka kokubona .
Utyando lweTrabeculectomy ludala indlela entsha yokukhupha ulwelo olugqithisileyo (i-aqueous humor) elisweni, ngaloo ndlela kunciphisa uxinzelelo ngaphakathi kweliso.
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo ekufuneka uyiqonde apha kukuba olu tyando alunakubuyisela umbono osele ulahlekile. Nangona kunjalo, lunokunceda ekumiseni okanye ekucothiseni ukulahleka kombono okuqhubekayo.
Uzilungiselela njani ngaphambi kotyando?
Ugqirha wakho wamehlo uza kukunika zonke iingcebiso ozidingayo ngaphambi kotyando. Ngeli xesha, amehlo akho aza kuhlolwa kwaye uza kuqinisekiswa ukuba ufanelekile utyando. Ngaphambi kotyando, ugqirha uza kuxoxa nawe ngale nto ilandelayo:
- I-Anesthesia : Nokuba utyando luza kwenziwa phantsi kwe-anesthesia yendawo okanye i-anesthesia jikelele.
- Amayeza owasebenzisayo: Ufanele uxelele ugqirha wakho ngawo onke amayeza owasebenzisayo ngoku, kuquka iivithamini kunye namayeza esintu. Amanye amayeza anokufuneka amiswe ngaphambi kotyando.
- Ukuzila Ukutya : Uza kwaziswa ukuba zingaphi iiyure ekufuneka uziyeke ukutya okanye ukusela ngaphambi kotyando.
- Umntu onokukunceda: Kubalulekile ukuba nomntu oza kukuyisa ekhaya emva kotyando aze akuncede ekhaya.
Kwenzeka ntoni ngexesha lotyando?
Ngexesha lotyando, uza kulala etafileni yotyando. Ukuba kuyimfuneko, ityhubhu encinci (umgca we-IV) inokudityaniswa nomthambo osengalweni yakho ukuze ikunike amayeza. Emva koko, kuya kusetyenziswa isixhobo esincinci esifana nekliphu ukugcina amehlo akho evulekile.
Okulandelayo, iliso liyathomalaliswa. Amaxesha amaninzi, liliso kuphela eliphelelwa ngamandla (i-local anesthesia). Emva koko uyaphaphela, kodwa awuziva ntlungu. Nangona ungaziva uxinzelelo oluthile, akukho ntlungu. Ukuba ukhathazekile ngaloo nto, thetha nogqirha kwangaphambili.
Kwezinye iimeko ezikhethekileyo, utyando lwenziwa phantsi kwe-anesthesia eqhelekileyo, nto leyo ebangela ukuba isigulana silale ngokupheleleyo.
Emva koko, ugqirha wenza umngxuma omncinci kakhulu kwindawo emhlophe yeliso (i-conjunctiva kunye ne-sclera), okwenza indlela encinci yokuba ulwelo esithethe ngalo ngaphambili luphume. Ulwelo oluphuma kule ndlela luqokelelana ngaphakathi kwi-membrane phantsi kwe-eyelid ephezulu, lwenze isakhiwo esincinci esifana ne-bubble. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-'bleb' . Musa ukukhathazeka, le bubble ayibonakali ngaphandle. Ulwelo oluqokelelana apha lubuyela emzimbeni.
Ngamanye amaxesha, kufakwa iyeza elikhethekileyo ukuthintela ukuba inxeba lingatshisi okanye livaleke. Ekugqibeleni, kufakwa imithungo embalwa enokususwa kamva ukuba kuyimfuneko, kwaye iliso livalwe ngebhandishi/iphetshana. Ukongeza, uya kucelwa ukuba unxibe isikhuselo samehlo ukuthintela nantoni na ukuba ingangeni elisweni lakho. Utyando ludla ngokuthatha malunga neyure.
Yintoni esifanele siyenze emva kotyando?
Ixesha lokuchacha emva kotyando libaluleke kakhulu. Ngokuqhelekileyo kuthatha malunga neeveki ezi-4 ukuya kwezi-6 ukuba iliso liphole ngokupheleleyo. Kukho izinto ezimbalwa ekufuneka uzilandele ngeli xesha.
| Izinto onokuzenza (Okufanele uzenze) | Musa ukwenza |
|---|---|
| Sebenzisa amathontsi amehlo anikwe ngugqirha wakho ngexesha elifanelekileyo nangendlela efanelekileyo. La mathontsi abalulekile ekuthinteleni usulelo nokunciphisa ukudumba. | Musa ukuyichukumisa, ukuyicinezela, okanye ukuyihlikihla iliso elihlinzweyo nangasiphi na isizathu. Oku kunokuphazamisana nokuphiliswa. |
| Qiniseka ukuba uya kwiikliniki zokulandelela ngemihla emiselweyo. Impumelelo yotyando ixhomekeke kwezi mvavanyo. | Kuphephe ukuphakamisa, ukugoba, ukukrwela, kunye nobunzima xa uhamba ngesisu. Ezi zinto zinokunyusa uxinzelelo lwamehlo. |
| Qiniseka ukuba unxibe isikhuselo samehlo esibonelelweyo xa ulele. Oku kuya kukukhusela ekulimaleni kwamehlo okungalindelekanga ngelixa ulele. | Kuphephe ukufumana amanzi, isepha, okanye uthuli emehlweni akho. Lumka xa uhlamba. |
Iikliniki zokulandelela emva kotyando
Kuya kufuneka ubone ugqirha ngosuku olulandelayo emva kotyando. Ibhandeji iya kususwa kwaye amehlo akho aya kuhlolwa. Emva koko, uya kucelwa ukuba uze ekliniki kanye okanye kabini ngeveki kwiiveki ezimbini ukuya kwezintathu zokuqala. Uxinzelelo olusesweni lakho luya kulinganiswa kwaye, ukuba kuyimfuneko, umthungo omnye okanye emibini inganqunyulwa nge-laser ukunciphisa uxinzelelo ngakumbi. Ngoko ke, ungaphoswa kukuya kwezi kliniki.
Ziziphi iingenelo kunye neengxaki ezinokubakho zolu tyando?
Utyando lweTrabeculectomy lunyango oluphumelele kakhulu. Nangona kunjalo, njengalo naluphi na utyando, kukho iingozi ezithile ezibandakanyekileyo.
- Iingenelo:
- Kukho izinga eliphezulu lempumelelo eliyi-60% - 80% emva kweminyaka emi-5 emva kotyando.
- Olu lukhetho olufanelekileyo kwabo baye bahluleka kwezinye iindlela zonyango.
- Idla ngokuba lutyando olukhuselekileyo.
- Iingozi kunye neengxaki:
- IiCataracts:Izinga lokwakheka kwe-cataract lisenokunyuka emva kolu tyando. Kodwa le yinto abayilindeleyo oogqirha. Kwakhona, utyando lwe-cataract lunokuyinyanga ngokupheleleyo.
- Usulelo : Kukho umngcipheko omncinci wokufumana usulelo lwamehlo.
- Ukopha: Ukopha ngaphakathi kweliso kunokwenzeka.
- Umbono ofipheleyo: Ngamanye amaxesha umbono unokuba lufiphele okwethutyana.
- Iingxaki nge-bleb: Ukwanda okanye utshintsho kwi-bleb kunokubangela iimeko ezifana nokugoba kwamehlo (i-ptosis).
Ndifanele ndimbone nini ugqirha ngoko nangoko?
Kuqhelekile ukuba nokungakhululeki nokubomvu emva kotyando. Nangona kunjalo, akuqhelekanga ukuba nentlungu eqatha . Kwakhona, umngcipheko wosulelo ungaqhubeka iinyanga, kwaneminyaka, emva kotyando. Ke ngoko, ukuba ufumana naziphi na kwezi mpawu zilandelayo, yiya kwangoko kugqirha owenze utyando lwakho okanye kwiSebe lezeMpilo eziNgxamisekileyo lesibhedlele (ETU).
- Intlungu enkulu yamehlo
- Ifiva
- Ukukrazula kakhulu (i-epiphora) okanye ukukhupha ubomvu emehlweni
- Ukulahlekelwa ngequbuliso okanye ukuncipha kombono
Ukuba utyando aluphumelelanga, oko kuthetha ukuba uxinzelelo lwamehlo alunciphi njengoko bekulindelwe, ungakhathazeki. Kukho ezinye iindlela zonyango. Ugqirha wakho uza kukuchazela izinto ezifana nokufaka ityhubhu encinci (ityhubhu yokukhupha amanzi) ukuze kukhutshwe ulwelo ngaphakathi kweliso okanye unyango lwelaser (inkqubo ye-cyclodestructive).
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Trabeculectomy lutyando olukhethekileyo olwenziwa xa i-glaucoma ingenakulawulwa ngonyango olufana namaconsi amehlo.
- Injongo ephambili yolu tyando kukuthintela ukulahleka kokubona okungakumbi. Umbono osele ulahlekile awunakubuyiselwa.
- Ukuze utyando luphumelele, kubaluleke kakhulu ukusebenzisa amaconsi amehlo achazwe ngugqirha ngqo kwaye uye kwiikliniki ngemihla ebekiweyo.
- Kuphephe ukujongana emehlweni, ukuphakamisa izinto ezinzima, kunye nokuchukumisa ngokupheleleyo ngexesha lokuphiliswa.
- Ukuba ufumana iintlungu eziqatha, ukuphuma kwamanzi emehlweni, okanye utshintsho olukhawulezileyo embonweni emva kotyando, qhagamshelana nogqirha wakho ngoko nangoko.
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