Kuthekani ukuba wenzakele kakhulu (iTraumatic Injury) kwingozi? Makhe sithethe ngale nto ngokweenkcukacha!

Khawuthelekelele ukuba wena okanye umntu omaziyo ufumene ingozi enkulu. Mhlawumbi yayiyingozi yendlela, ukuwa kwindawo ephakamileyo, okanye into engalindelekanga kwaphela. Ngokwezonyango, ezi ngozi zinzima nezisongela ubomi zezo sizibiza ngokuba "kukwenzakala okubuhlungu kakhulu." Zinokuba yingozi ngaphezu kokuba ucinga, ngoko ke kubalulekile ukuba uzazi.

Yintoni ukwenzakala okubuhlungu?

Ngamafutshane, oku kubhekisa kuyo nayiphi na ingozi enkulu emzimbeni . Le ngozi inokubangela ukopha kakhulu okanye ukwenzakala okukhulu entloko. Iingozi ezinjalo zixhaphake kakhulu kumazwe afana ne-United States. ESri Lanka, sihlala sibona iingozi kumaphephandaba nakwiTV, akunjalo? Iingozi ezinjalo zinokwenzeka ekhaya, emsebenzini, endleleni, xa uqhuba imoto, okanye xa uhamba ngeenyawo. Uninzi lwale ngozi lubangelwa kukuwa kunye neengozi zendlela . Nangona kunjalo, iingozi ezinkulu zinokwenzeka nangokubethwa ngumntu, ukuhlatywa, ukudutyulwa, okanye ukubethwa ngento enzima. Ezi ziingxamiseko zonyango . Ukuba ucinga ukuba wena okanye omnye umntu wenzeke ingozi enkulu ngolu hlobo, kufuneka utsalele umnxeba ku-119 ngoko nangoko kwaye utsalele umnxeba i-ambulensi . Ingozi enjalo inokutshintsha ubomi. Inokuba nefuthe elikhulu kubomi bakho nakubomi babo bakukhathaleleyo. Kuthatha ixesha ukuphiliswa. Ngamanye amaxesha, kuthatha ixesha elide ukuphiliswa. Ke ngoko, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba nomonde , kokubini kuwe nakwabo bakungqongileyo.

Ziziphi iintlobo eziphambili zokwenzakala okunje?

Oogqirha bahlulahlula ezi zingozi zokonzakala ngokwendlela ezenzeka ngayo kunye nefuthe lazo emzimbeni. Kukho iintlobo ezintathu eziphambili:

1. Ukwenzakala okubuhlungu ngenxa ye-Blunt force

Olu lolona hlobo luqhelekileyo lokwenzakala . Kwenzeka xa into ibetha umzimba wakho ngamandla. Cinga ngayo njengokuwa usuka kwindawo ephakamileyo, ukubethwa ngumntu xa ulwa. Oku kunokukhokelela ekuphukeni kwamathambo, ukopha ngaphakathi, ukopha ngenxa yamanxeba anzulu, okanye ukuxhuzula okukhulu.

2. Ukulimala okubangelwa kukwehla ngesiquphe kwesantya (Ukulimala okubuhlungu kokunciphisa isantya)

Oku kwenzeka xa uhamba ngesantya esiphezulu uze ngequbuliso uyeke. Umzekelo, ukuba uqhuba imoto ngesantya esiphezulu uze ngequbuliso ubethe into ethile, intloko yakho ingaya phambili ize ibethe ivili lokuqhuba. Oku kunokubangela ukuba ingqondo yakho ijike ibuyele umva ngaphakathi entlokweni yakho, nto leyo ebangela umonakalo engqondweni .

3. Ukwenzakala okubuhlungu okungene emzimbeni

Oku kwenzeka xa into ebukhali ihlaba ulusu ize ingene emzimbeni. Umzekelo, inxeba lokudutyulwa, ukuhlatywa ngemela, okanye into ebukhali ewela phezu kwakho, okanye amaqhekeza avela ekuqhumeni kwebhombu anokubangela olu hlobo lokulimala.

Yintoni ukwenzakala okukhulu okubangela intlungu?

Ngokuqhelekileyo, 'ukwenzakala okukhulu okubangela ingozi' kuchazwa njengokwenzakala okuninzi okusongela ubomi kwiindawo ezininzi zomzimba wakho ngaxeshanye. Oogqirha basebenzisa indlela eqhelekileyo yokufumanisa oku. Ibizwa ngokuba yi-Injury Severity Score (ISS) .

Bulinganiswa njani ubunzima bokwenzakala? (Amanqaku oBunzima bokwenzakala - ISS)

Le nkqubo ye-'ISS' ivumela oogqirha ukuba benze izigqibo malunga nokwenzakala ngakunye ngendlela efanayo, ngaphandle kokunyanga nganye ngokwahlukileyo. Umzekelo, ukuba unokwenzakala okubuhlungu, le nkqubo yokufumana amanqaku isetyenziselwa ukugqiba ukuba bakugcina esibhedlele okanye bakuthumele kwiziko elikhethekileyo le-'trauma center'. Kule nto, oogqirha bajonga ezi zinto zilandelayo:

• Inani lamanxeba : Jonga ukuba mangaphi amanxeba onawo kula malungu omzimba wakho:
• Intloko nentamo
• Ubuso
• Umqala
• Isisu kunye ne -pelvis
• Izandla nemilenze
• Ulusu
• Ubunzima bokwenzakala: Ukwenzakala kunokuba kuncinci, kube phakathi, kube nzima, kube nzima kakhulu, kube nzima, kube nzima kakhulu, kube nzima okanye kunganyangeki. Okukhona ukwenzakala kusiba nzima, kokukhona amanqaku enyuka. Umzekelo, ukwenzakala okuncinci kunikwa amanqaku njengenye. Amanqaku amathandathu athetha ukuba ukwenzakala kukhulu kangangokuba akukho nyango lunokuthintela ukufa.

Nantsi indlela yokubala amanqaku e-'ISS': Oogqirha bachonga iindawo ezintathu zomzimba wakho ezona zonzakele kakhulu . Emva koko, basebenzisa isikali sobunzima obunamachaphaza amathandathu ukufumana amanqaku okwenzakala okunzima kwezo ndawo zintathu. Emva koko, badibanisa amanqaku baze bawadibanise ukuze bafumane amanqaku e-'ISS'. La manqaku anokusukela kwi-3 ukuya kwi-75. Amanqaku e-'ISS' ali-15 nangaphezulu athathwa 'njengokwenzakala okukhulu okubangela intlungu.' Oku kunokubonakala kunzima, kodwa kunceda oogqirha ukuba banike unyango olungcono kwisigulana.

Ziziphi izifo ezinokubangelwa lolu hlobo lokulimala?

Ukwenzakala okwenzakalayo kunokubangela izifo ezahlukeneyo. Ezinye zazo zezi:

• Amathambo aphukileyo, ukwaphuka komqolo
• Umphunga owileyoI-Pneumothorax)
• I-Compartment syndrome: Oku kwenzeka xa uxinzelelo ngaphakathi kwizicubu zeendawo ezithile zomzimba lunyuka kakhulu, nto leyo ethintela ukuhamba kwegazi kuzo.
• Ukusikwa okunzulu
• Umothuko wombane
• Isifuba esiqhekekileyo: Kule nto, iimbambo ezininzi esifubeni ziyaphuka zilandelelana, nto leyo ebangela ubunzima bokuphefumla ngenxa yentshukumo engaqhelekanga yaloo nxalenye yesifuba xa uphefumla.
• Ukulimala entloko: Imizekelo ibandakanya i-epidural hematoma, ukwaphuka kwentloko, ukuphuma kwegazi kwi-subarachnoid, i-subdural hematoma, okanye ukwenzakala kwengqondo okubuhlungu (TBI) .
• Ukopha igazi
• Ukudumba kwentliziyo
• Ukuxhuzula okukhulu kwengqondo
• Uxinzelelo olukhulu lwegazi/Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphantsi: Le yimeko yoxinzelelo olubangelwa kukulahlekelwa kakhulu ligazi okanye lulwelo emzimbeni.
• Ukulimala komqolo
• Ukulimala kwesisu okubangela intlungu: Umzekelo, ukopha ngaphakathi kunokwenzeka ngenxa yomonakalo kwizitho ezifana ne-duodenum, i-pancreas, okanye i-spleen.
• Ukunqunyulwa kwelungu lomzimba okubangela ingxolo kukulahlekelwa lilungu lomzimba, njengengalo okanye umlenze, ngenxa yengozi.
• Ukuqhekeka kwe-aorta `(I-aorta eqhekekileyo)`

Zithini iimpawu zale ngozi?

Iimpawu ziyahluka kakhulu ngokuxhomekeke kwindlela eyenzeke ngayo ingozi kunye nefuthe emzimbeni . Umzekelo, ukuba kukho inxeba elinzulu emva kwengozi yemoto, unokubona igazi liphuma. Ngamanye amaxesha ithambo elaphukileyo linokubonakala eluswini (ukuqhekeka okudibeneyo) . Kwimeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-"flail chest"`, isifuba sibuhlungu xa uphefumla kwaye kunzima ukuphefumla. Ukuba wenzakele entloko, unokulahlekelwa yingqondo, uhlanze, okanye ungakwazi ukuthetha.

Uziphatha njani iingozi ezinje?

Kukho amanyathelo aliqela onyango olusisiseko. Ngamanye amaxesha abizwa ngokuba yindlela ye-ABCDE . La manyathelo ngala:

• Indlela yomoya: Okokuqala, oogqirha baza kujonga ukuba kukho nantoni na evimba indlela yakho yomoya (indlela yokuphefumla) okanye ukuba kukho na isizathu sokuba ungakwazi ukuphefumla .
• B - Ukuphefumla:Okulandelayo, baza kujonga ukuba uphefumla kakuhle na, nokuba unemiphunga ewileyo (i-pneumothorax), nokuba ityhubhu yakho ye-endotracheal ikwindawo yayo.
• C - Ukujikeleza kwegazi: Ukuba kukho amanxeba aphuma igazi ngaphandle, anyangwa ngoko nangoko. Bakwajonga ukopha ngaphakathi kunye neempawu zokothuka.
• D - Ukukhubazeka (ukuphazamiseka kwenkqubo yemithambo-luvo): Okulandelayo, bayavavanya ukuze babone ukuba kukho ingxaki na kwinkqubo yemithambo-luvo okanye ukuba kukho umonakalo kwintambo yomqolo.
• E - Ukuvezwa (Uvavanyo Olupheleleyo): Okokugqibela, zonke iimpahla zakho ziyasuswa kwaye yonke indawo yomzimba wakho ihlolwe kakuhle, kukhangelwa naziphi na ezinye iingozi kwaye kuqinisekiswa ukuba akukho nto ilahlekileyo .

Oogqirha baqala ngokunyanga iingozi ezisongela ubomi. Oku kuthetha ukuba ugqirha ohlinzayo wenza utyando olungxamisekileyo ukuze anyange iingozi okanye iimeko ezisongela ubomi.

Unyango olufumanayo luya kuxhomekeka kukwenzakala okuthile okwenzileyo. Ugqirha wakho otyandayo kwingozi angafuna uncedo lwezinye iingcali njengoko kufuneka. Umzekelo:

• Ukuba imithambo yegazi yenzakele, kuya kubizwa oogqirha bemithambo yegazi (oogqirha abangoogqirha abagxile kwimithambo yegazi) .
• Ukuba amathambo enzakele, kuya kufuneka kudityanwe noogqirha bamathambo (oogqirha abagxile kwizifo zamathambo) .
• Ukuba kukho ukwenzakala kwengqondo , kuya kubizwa oogqirha bemithambo-luvo (iingcali zotyando ezigxile kwinkqubo yemithambo-luvo) .

Kuya kufuneka uqhubeke nonyango ngalo lonke ixesha lokuchacha kwakho. Umzekelo:

• Unyango lomzimba: Buyisela ukusebenza komzimba.
• Unyango lomsebenzi: Ziqhelise ukwenza imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla wedwa.
• Inkxaso yempilo yengqondo: Kunzima ukumelana nayo emva kwengozi enkulu efana nale. Kubalulekile ukufumana uncedo kwimiba yempilo yengqondo efana nokudakumba, ixhala, kunye nesifo soxinzelelo emva kwengozi (PTSD) .

Ngaba iingozi ezinje azinakuthintelwa?

Kakade ke, ayizizo zonke iingozi ezinobungozi ezinokuthintelwa. Nangona kunjalo, kukho izinto esinokuzenza ukunciphisa umngcipheko wethu. Umzekelo, iingozi zendlela zezona zibangela ezi zingozi. Ngoko ke, ngokuhlala unxibe ibhanti yesihlalo kwaye ungaqhubi uphantsi kwempembelelo yotywala okanye iziyobisi (kwaye ngamanye amaxesha kwanamayeza kagqirha), unganciphisa umngcipheko wokwenzakala kwingozi. Izinto ezincinci ezifana nokulumka endleleni nokucinga ngokhuseleko xa usenza imisebenzi yasekhaya kunokwenza umahluko omkhulu.

Okokugqibela, izinto ekufuneka uzikhumbule

Ukwenzakala okubuhlungu kunokwenzeka ngephanyazo. Nangona kunjalo, kungathatha iinyanga, kwaneminyaka, unyango oluqhubekayo kunye nenkxaso ukuze kuphiliswe. Ukongeza kunyango olukhawulezileyo, olufana notyando olungxamisekileyo, utyando olongezelelweyo okanye olunye unyango lunokufuneka kamva.

Xa kwenzeka into efana nale, nangona amanxeba omzimba ephola, amanxeba eemvakalelo athatha ixesha ukuphola, kwaye anokuhlala ubomi bonke. Ukuba ujamelene nemiphumo yokwenzakala okukhulu kangaka, okanye ukuba uziva uxinezelekile, nceda ufune uncedo kugqirha okanye kumcebisi wezempilo yengqondo . Awuwedwa, kwaye ungaze ube neentloni zokucela uncedo.

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Ukwenzakala , iingozi, unyango olungxamisekileyo, uncedo lokuqala, utyando, impilo, ukhuseleko