Ngaba uyayazi ifiva ebangelwa ziingcuka? Makhe sithethe ngeRocky Mountain Spotted Fever (RMSF)!

Ngaba wakha wazibuza ukuba isilwanyana esincinci esifana ne-leech sinokubangelwa sisifo esingakanani? Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngesifo esidluliselwa zii-leech ezinjalo, esinokuba yingozi kancinci, kodwa ukuba unyangwa ngokufanelekileyo, ungaphila ngokukhawuleza. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yiRocky Mountain Spotted Fever . Usenokuba awuzange uve ngeli gama, kodwa kubaluleke kakhulu ukwazi ngalo.

Yintoni iRocky Mountain Spotted Fever (RMSF)?

Ngamafutshane, olu luhlobo lwentsholongwane ebangelwa yintsholongwane. Oko kuthetha ukuba esi sifo sibangelwa yintsholongwane encinci engena emzimbeni. Le ntsholongwane ibizwa ngokuba yiRickettsia rickettsii. Kodwa le ntsholongwane ayizi nje ize ingene emzimbeni wethu. Inentsholongwane ethwala. Loo ntsholongwane yintsholongwane ethwala intsholongwane. Asiyiyo yonke intsholongwane ethwala intsholongwane, kodwa ukuba silunywa yintsholongwane ethwala intsholongwane ebizwa ngokuba yi-`(Rickettsia rickettsii)`, sifumana esi sifo. Kufana nje nengcongconi yedengue, ayizizo zonke iingcongconi ezisasaza idengue, yingcongconi enentsholongwane yedengue kuphela ethwala intsholongwane. Yiyo loo nto.

Nangona esi sifo sibizwa ngokuba yi-'Rocky Mountain', asifumaneki kuphela kwiindawo ezineentaba, kodwa sinokubonwa nakwezinye iindawo zehlabathi, ingakumbi eMntla naseMzantsi Melika. Esi sifo asixelwa rhoqo eSri Lanka, kodwa kulungile ukuqaphela oku kuba kukho ezinye izifo ezidluliselwa ziirhorho kunye nabo bahamba phesheya .

Sisasazeka njani esi sifo? Zichaphazeleka njani iileeches?

Kulungile, masibone ukuba le ntsholongwane isasaza njani oku. I-leech, ingakumbi uhlobo lwe-leech oluthwala esi sifo, luthwala intsholongwane `(Rickettsia rickettsii)` emzimbeni wayo. Xa le ntsholongwane ifika ize izincamathele emzimbeni womntu, okanye ngamanye amaxesha kwisilwanyana esifana nenja, ize ifunxe igazi, loo ntsholongwane ingena egazini lethu kunye namathe e-leech.

Cinga ngayo njengesirinji encinci. Xa i-leech ifunxa igazi, ifaka iintsholongwane ezinayo emizimbeni yethu. Kodwa esi sifo asisasazeki kwangoko emva kokuba i-leech inamathele. Ngokwesiqhelo, i-leech kufuneka inamathele emzimbeni iiyure ezininzi (mhlawumbi iiyure ezi-4-6 nangaphezulu) ukuze ifunxe igazi ukuze iintsholongwane zingene emzimbeni. Yiyo loo nto kucetyiswa ukuba uyisuse i-leech ngoko nangoko ukuba uyibona inamathele emzimbeni wakho.

Esi sifo sixhaphake kakhulu kwiinyanga zasentwasahlobo nasehlotyeni . Oko kukuthi, ngesiqhelo ukusuka ngoMatshi ukuya kuSeptemba. Oku kungenxa yokuba iileeches zisebenza kakhulu ngelo xesha. Zixhaphake kakhulu emahlathini, kwiindawo ezinengca, nakwiindawo ezinemithi emininzi. Ngoko ke ukuba usebenza okanye uhambahamba ngaphandle, ingakumbi kwiindawo ezinamahlathi, kwiipaki, okanye nakwigadi yakho, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba uqaphele iileeches.

Zithini iimpawu zeRocky Mountain Spotted Fever (RMSF)?

Esi sifo asibonakalisi zimpawu zinkulu ngoko nangoko. Sidla ngokuthatha phakathi kweentsuku ezi-2 ukuya kwezili-14 emva kokulunywa yi-leech.Kulapho ke iimpawu ziqala ukubonakala khona. Amaxesha amaninzi, iimpawu zibonakala kwiintsuku ezi-5-7.

Okokuqala kuza ezi zinto zilandelayo:

• Kushushu kakhulu. Ngequbuliso, umzimba wam ushushu kwaye ndiba nomkhuhlane.
• Intloko ebuhlungu kakhulu. Usenokuziva intlungu ebuhlungu entlokweni yakho.
• Iintlungu zomzimba, iintlungu zemisipha. Njengaxa unefiva ebangelwa yintsholongwane.
• Isicaphucaphu nokuhlanza. Usenokuziva unesicaphucaphu esiswini sakho uze uhlanze.
• Isisu esibuhlungu.
• Ububomvu bamehlo .
• Ukulahlekelwa yintliziyo.

Xa ezi mpawu zifika zodwa, sinokucinga ukuba lo ngumkhuhlane oqhelekileyo wentsholongwane . Yiyo leyo ingozi kuphela koku. Kuba kusenokuba sekwephuzile ukwenza uxilongo oluchanekileyo.

Kodwa esi sifo sinophawu oluthile. Loo nto kukuqhambuka okubonakala eluswini . Yiyo loo nto sikwabizwa ngokuba yi-'spotsted fever'.

• Ezi zilonda ziqala ukubonakala zijikeleze izihlathi kunye namaqatha njengamachaphaza amancinci abomvu okanye amabala.
• Emva koko ezi zilonda zisasazeka kancinci kancinci ziye ezintendeni nasezinyaweni . Oku kukhethekile kancinci, kuba ayizizo zonke izifo ezibangela izilonda ezintendeni nasezinyaweni.
• Emva koko, ezi zilonda ziqala ukusasazeka kwiingalo nasemilenzeni, ziye esiqwini .
• Ekuqaleni, la mabala abomvu, kodwa emva kweentsuku ezimbalwa, ngamanye amaxesha anokujika abe mfusa aze ome kancinci. Oku kukwabizwa ngokuba yi " petechiae ".

Into ebalulekileyo kukuba ayinguye wonke umntu ofumana ezi mpawu. Abanye abantu, ingakumbi abantu abadala ngamanye amaxesha nabantwana, basenokungazifumani ezi mpawu baze babe nomkhuhlane nezinye iimpawu. Kwimeko enjalo, kuba nzima nangakumbi ukufumanisa esi sifo.

Ezi mpawu zihlala zibonakala kwiintsuku ezi-2-5 emva kokuqala komkhuhlane. Ngoko ke ukuba unomkhuhlane, iintlungu zomzimba, kunye nezi mpawu, ingakumbi ukuba ubukhe waba kwindawo apho kukho iirhorho, ngokuqinisekileyo kuya kufuneka ubone ugqirha ngoko nangoko.

Sifanele siye kugqirha nini?

Ukuba uneempawu endizikhankanyileyo ngaphambili - umkhuhlane ophezulu, intloko ebuhlungu, iintlungu zomzimba , isicaphucaphu, kunye nolu hlobo oluthile lokurhawuzelela - ingakumbi ukuba ukhumbula ukulunywa yi-leech okanye ukuba ubukhe waba kwindawo apho ii-leeches zinokubakho khona , kungcono ukufuna ingcebiso kagqirha ngokukhawuleza.

Khawucinge nje, usandula ukubuya ekudlaleni emyezweni nomntwana wakho, okanye uhambe uhambo olufutshane ehlathini. Emva kweentsuku ezimbalwa, umntwana wakho uba nomkhuhlane, ukhala ngeentlungu zomzimba, aze aqale ukuba namabala amancinci abomvu ezandleni nasezinyaweni zakhe. Kwimeko enjalo, ngokuqinisekileyo kuya kufuneka ubone ugqirha.

Ukuqatshelwa kwangoko kunye nonyango lwesi sifo kubalulekile ukuze ubomi bukhuseleke, njengoko unyango olulibazisekileyo lunokubangela iingxaki ezinkulu.

Oogqirha bayixilonga njani le sifo?

Ugqirha uza kujonga iimpawu zakho, nokuba ukhe wachaphazeleka ziintsholongwane ezibangela ukudumba, kunye novavanyo lomzimba ukuze kufunyaniswe esi sifo. Kuluncedo kakhulu ukuba uneso sifo.

Kodwa kunzima ukufumanisa ukuba le yiRocky Mountain Spotted Fever (RMSF) ngokusekelwe kwiimpawu zodwa, kuba iimpawu zokuqala ziyafana nezinye izifo ezifana nomkhuhlane.

Ngoko ke, oogqirha badla ngokuyalela uvavanyo lwegazi oluninzi. Kukho iimvavanyo ezikhangela ii-antibodies eziveliswa ngumzimba wethu nxamnye nale ntsholongwane. Kodwa ngenxa yokuba ezi antibodies zithatha iintsuku ezininzi ukuba zivele, iziphumo zezi vavanyo zinokuba zimbi kwizigaba zokuqala zesifo.

Ngamanye amaxesha, isampuli encinci (i-skin biopsy) ingathathwa kwizilonda ize ivavanywe ukuze kubonwe ukuba kukho iintsholongwane na.

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba oogqirha baqale unyango kwangoko nje xa becinga ukuba esi sifo, ngaphandle kokulinda iziphumo zovavanyo lwegazi. Kuba unyango olukhawulezileyo lubaluleke kakhulu kule meko.

Luluphi unyango lwale nto?

Esi sifo sinyangwa ngamayeza okubulala iintsholongwane. I-antibiotic i- doxycycline isetyenziswa kakhulu koku. Ifanelekile kubantu abadala nakubantwana.

Kubalulekile ukuthatha idosi echanekileyo echazwe ngugqirha ngalo lonke ixesha. Musa ukuyeka ukuthatha amayeza kuba nje umkhuhlane wakho uphelile kwiintsuku ezimbini okanye ezintathu kwaye uzive ungcono. Kufuneka ugqibe yonke ikhosi yamayeza.

Ukuba unyango luqalwe kwangethuba, oko kukuthi, kwiintsuku ezi-5 emva kokuba iimpawu ziqalile, uninzi lwabantu luyaphila ngokupheleleyo kwiintsuku ezimbalwa.

Ngamanye amaxesha, ukuba isifo sibi kakhulu, kunokufuneka ukuba ulaliswe esibhedlele kwaye unikwe amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane (IV). Ukongeza, kukho unyango olongezelelekileyo, olufana netyuwa yokuthintela ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni kunye namayeza okunciphisa umkhuhlane.

Kuza kwenzeka ntoni ukuba unyango alunikwa? (Iingxaki)

Le yingxaki ekufuneka sigxile kuyo kakhulu. I-Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever (RMSF) sisifo esinokuba yingozi ebomini ukuba asinyangwa.

Ukuba unyango lulibaziseka okanye alunyangwa, le ntsholongwane inokusasazeka emzimbeni wonke ize yonakalise amalungu ahlukeneyo omzimba.

• Ukonakala kwemithambo yegazi: Oku kunokubangela ukopha emzimbeni.
• Iziphumo engqondweni: Iimpawu eziqatha ezifana nokudumba kobuchopho (encephalitis), ukuxhuzula, kunye nokukhohlela zinokwenzeka.
• Iziphumo kwinkqubo yokuphefumla: I-pneumonia kunye ne-pulmonary edema zinokwenzeka.
• Ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwezintso.
• Iziphumo entliziyweni.
• Ngamanye amaxesha, ukuhamba kwegazi ukuya emalungeni kuyaphazamiseka, kwaye ezo ndawo zinokufa (i-gangrene). Ukuba oko kuyenzeka, ezo ndawo kusenokufuneka zisuswe ngotyando.

Kungoko nditshilo ngaphambili ukuba unale mpawu, ingakumbi ukuba ucinga ukuba ulunywe yi-leech, kufuneka ubone ugqirha ngoko nangoko. Ukuba uthatha amayeza ngexesha, ungaziphepha ezi meko ziyingozi.

Sizikhusela njani kwiirhorho kunye ne-RMSF? (Ukuthintela)

Eyona ndlela ilungileyo yokuzikhusela kwesi sifo kukuphepha ukulunywa ziincukuthu. Zininzi izinto esinokuzenza ukuze senze oku:

• Ziphephe iindawo apho kukho iirhorho: Ziphephe ukuhamba emahlathini, engceni ende, nakwiindawo ezinemithi emininzi kangangoko unako. Ukuba kufuneka uye kwiindawo ezinjalo, zama ukuhamba phakathi kweendlela nakwiindawo ezivulekileyo.
• Nxiba impahla yokuzikhusela: Nxiba iibhulukhwe ezinde kunye neehempe ezinemikhono emide. Faka ibhulukhwe yakho kwiikawusi zakho. Nxiba izihlangu zakho phezu kweekawusi zakho. Nxiba impahla ekhanyayo ukuze iileeches zibonakale lula ukuba zikwimpahla yakho.
• Sebenzisa izinto zokugxotha izinambuzane: Faka izinto zokugxotha izinambuzane eziqulethe iikhemikhali ezifana ne-`(DEET)` kunye ne-`(Permethrin)` eluswini lwakho nasezimpahleni. Nangona kunjalo, kufuneka ulandele imiyalelo xa usebenzisa ezi zinto. Funa ingcebiso kagqirha, ingakumbi xa uzisebenzisa ebantwaneni abancinci. `(Permethrin)` mayisetyenziswe kuphela kwiimpahla nezixhobo ezifana neetente, kungekhona ngqo eluswini.
• Jonga umzimba wakho emva kokuba ubuyile ekhaya uvela ngaphandle: Xa ubuya ekhaya uvela kwindawo apho kukho iirhorho, tshintsha zonke iimpahla zakho kwaye uhlole umzimba wakho wonke kakuhle. Nika ingqalelo ekhethekileyo kwiindawo ezifana nentloko yentloko, iindlebe, intamo, amakhwapha, imisipha yangaphakathi, nasemva kwamadolo. Jonga nabantwana bakho kakuhle.
• Hlamba impahla: Hlamba impahla oyinxibileyo ngaphandle emanzini ashushu. Ukuba kunokwenzeka, yomise kwisixhobo sokomisa impahla. Oku kuya kubulala naziphi na iirhorho ezinokubakho.
• Jonga izilwanyana zakho zasekhaya: Ukuba unezilwanyana zasekhaya ezifana nezinja neekati ekhaya, zijonge rhoqo ukuba azinazo na iirhorho. Sebenzisa iimveliso ezingenazo iirhorho kuzo. Kuba iirhorho kwizilwanyana zinokungena ekhayeni lakho zikulume nawe.
• Coca igadi yakho: Sika ingca egadi yakho ibe mfutshane. Susa amagqabi omileyo. Oku kuya kunciphisa inani leendawo zokufihla iirhorho.

Yintoni omawuyenze ukuba i-leech inamathele emzimbeni wakho?

Ukuba ubona i-leech inamathele emzimbeni wakho, ungoyiki. Into ebalulekileyo kukuyisusa ngokufanelekileyo.

1. Sebenzisa ii-tweezers ezineencam ezicolekileyo.

2. Sebenzisa i-forceps ukuze ubambe i-leech kufutshane nolusu kangangoko, uyibambe ecaleni kwentloko yayo.

3. Tsala ngqo phezulu, kancinci nangononophelo, ngesantya esizinzileyo. Musa ukujika okanye ukucinezela. Ukwenza njalo kunokubangela ukuba intloko yeleech inamathele eluswini, okanye kunokusasaza iintsholongwane emzimbeni.

4. Emva kokususa i-leech, hlamba loo ndawo kakuhle ngesepha namanzi, uze uyicoce ngento efana notywala.

5. Hlamba i-leech esusiweyo kwindlu yangasese, okanye uyibeke kwisitya esinotywala. Okanye uyincamathisele ngeteyipu uze uyilahle emgqomeni. Musa ukuyityumza ngezandla zakho.

6. Khumbula umhla wokususwa kwesilo esinoboya. Ukuba ufumana iimpawu ezifana nomkhuhlane okanye ukubanda kwiiveki ezimbalwa ezizayo, xelela ugqirha umxelele ukuba ulunywe sisilo esinoboya.

Okokugqibela, umyalezo oya ekhaya

Kulungile, ngoko ke sithethe kakhulu ngeRocky Mountain Spotted Fever (RMSF) ngoku, akunjalo? Esi sisifo esidluliselwa zii-leeches, kwaye nangona sinokuba sibi kakhulu, sinokunyangwa ngokupheleleyo ukuba siqatshelwe kwaye sinyangwe kwangethuba.

• Ukuzikhusela kwiirhorho yeyona nto ibalulekileyo. Nxiba impahla yokuzikhusela xa usiya kwiindawo zasendle okanye ezinengca, sebenzisa izinto ezigxotha izinambuzane, kwaye uzihlole xa ufika ekhaya.
• Ukuba unerhashalala eqala ezihlahleni nasemaqatheni ize isasazeke kunye nomkhuhlane, intloko ebuhlungu, kunye neentlungu zomzimba, ingakumbi ukuba ukrokrela ukuba ulunywe yi-leech, funa ingcebiso kagqirha ngokukhawuleza.
• Ukuba oogqirha bayasikrokrela esi sifo, abayi kulibazisa ukuqala unyango. Ngoko ke ukuba uneempawu, musa ukulibazisa ukuya kugqirha.
• Sela amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane kanye njengoko kuchaziwe, ixesha lonke.

Nangona esi sifo singaqhelekanga eSri Lanka, kukho ezinye izifo ezidluliselwa zii-leeches. Kwakhona, ukuba umntu uye waya kwelinye ilizwe waza wabonisa ezi mpawu, kulungile ukuba nesi sifo sikrokreleke.

Ukuba unemibuzo engaphezulu malunga noku, ungathandabuzi ukubuza ugqirha wakho wosapho. Hlala usempilweni!

Umkhuhlane onamabala eentaba iRocky Mountain, iRMSF, iileeches, izifo ezithwalwa ziileech, umkhuhlane, izilonda zesikhumba, usulelo lweebhaktheriya, iRickettsia rickettsii, amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane, idoxycycline ( iDoxycycline ) , isifo esithwalwa ziikhakha, ukuthintela ukulunywa ziikhakha