Masifunde ngokwakheka kwamatye kwindlela yomchamo (Ureteral Stones). Ngaba nawe uyayiva le ntlungu inzima?

Ngaba ngamanye amaxesha uziva unesicaphucaphu ngentlungu ebukhali emqolo wakho ongezantsi, ngaphantsi nje kweembambo zakho? Ngaba uziva ngathi kufuneka uchame kwaye kubuhlungu, ngamanye amaxesha kufuneka uchame kancinci, kwaye intlungu isasazeka iye esiswini sakho? Ukuba kunjalo, usenokuba unemeko ebizwa ngokuba yi " ureteral stones." Makhe sithethe ngale nto ngokweenkcukacha namhlanje, njengokuthetha nomhlobo.

Zithini ii-Ureteral Stones?

Ngamafutshane, ilitye le-ureteral yinto eqinileyo emile ngendlela engaqhelekanga enamathela kwenye yee -ureters zakho, iityhubhu ezimbini ezincinci ezithwala umchamo ukusuka kwizintso zakho ukuya kwisinyi sakho (apho umchamo ugcinwa khona). Zifana neengqalutye ezincinci. Ubusazi ukuba nganye yezintso zethu ine-ureter enye?

La matye anokwakheka kwicala lasekhohlo okanye lasekunene le-urethra. I-urethra yomntu omdala idla ngokuba phakathi kwe-intshi ezili-10 ukuya kwezili-12 ubude. La matye anokufumaneka kwinxalenye ephezulu ye-urethra, kufutshane nezintso, okanye kwinxalenye esezantsi, kufutshane nesinyi.

Uninzi lwexesha, la matye omchamo mancinci kakhulu. Amanye awo awabonakali nakwiliso lenyama. Ahlanjwa ngumchamo, ngoko ke awabangeli ngxaki.

Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ilitye lezintso likhulu ngokwaneleyo, linokuthintela ukuhamba komchamo ukusuka kwizintso ukuya kwisinyi. Kulapho ke kuvela khona intlungu enzima. La matye enziwa xa iiminerali kunye neetyuwa kumchamo wakho zihlangana. Ziqala zibe ziikristale ezincinci, emva koko zikhula zibe ngamatye amakhulu.

"Ngoko ke, ngaba la matye akwi-ureteral afana namatye ezintso?" Ewe, ilitye elikwi-ureteral lilitye elenziwa kwintso lize liqhekeke lize lihlale kwi-ureter.

Ziziphi iintlobo eziphambili zamatye omchamo?

Kukho iintlobo ezine eziphambili zamatye omchamo:

• Amatye eCalcium : La ngawona aqhelekileyo. Kukho iintlobo ezimbini zala matye: amatye e-`(Calcium oxalate)` kunye namatye e-`(Calcium phosphate)`.
• Amatye e-uric acid: Olu hlobo lwamatye lwenzeka xa ubungakanani be-uric acid kumchamo wakho busanda.
• Amatye eStruvite: Ngamanye amaxesha abangelwa zizifo zomchamo ( UTIs).La matye anokwakheka emva kokuba izintso zichaphazelekile zizinto ezithile. Izinto eziphambili kweli litye yi-magnesium ammonium phosphate (struvite) kunye ne-calcium carbon-apatite.
• Amatye e-Cystine: La matye e-cystine abangelwa yimeko yemfuza ebizwa ngokuba yi-"Cystinuria." Esi sifo sibangela ukuba i-amino acid cystine iqokeleleke kumchamo ngaphambi kokuba iphume ezintsoni.

Ngubani osengozini enkulu yokuba namatye omchamo?

Nabani na unokuba namatye ezintso, kodwa aba bantu balandelayo basengozini enkulu kancinci:

• Kwamadoda.
• Kwabamhlophe (oku kuxhomekeke kwidatha evela kumazwe angaphandle).
• Kubantu abaphakathi kweminyaka engama-40 ukuya kwengama-60 ubudala.
• Kwabo bakha bavelisa amatye omchamo ngaphambili.
• Ukuba kukho umntu kusapho oye waba namatye ezintso.
• Kwabo basela amanzi amancinci.
• Kwabo banesifo seswekile (iDiabetes Mellitus).
• Kubantu abanesifo sezintso esine-polycystic.

Le meko inokubonwa naphakathi kwethu eSri Lanka. Ngokukodwa , izinto ezinje ngokusela amanzi amancinci nokusebenza kwindawo ebangela ukubila kakhulu zinokuba nefuthe.

Zixhaphake kangakanani ezi litye zomchamo?

Ngokwedatha evela eMelika, malunga nomntu omdala omnye kwabayi-1,000 ulaliswa esibhedlele minyaka le ngenxa yamatye omchamo. Kuthiwa kukho ithuba eli-1 kwabasi-8 lokuphuhlisa ilitye ebomini bakhe. Le meko ayibalulekanga naseSri Lanka.

Zithini iimpawu zala matye omchamo?

Ukuba unamatshe amancinci kakhulu omchamo, anokudlula kwinkqubo yakho yomchamo ngaphandle kwempawu.

Nangona kunjalo, ukuba amatye makhulu ngokwaneleyo ukuvala umchamo wakho, unokufumana iimpawu ezifana nezi:

• Intlungu ebuhlungu: Le yintlungu engapheliyo engapheliyo. Ihlala iqala emqolo ongezantsi, phantsi kweembambo. Ingavakala ngathi kukuhlatywa ngemela.
• Ukusasaza iintlungu: Le ntlungu ingasasazeka iye kwisisu esisezantsi, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha iye nakwindawo yesini.
• Intlungu okanye ukutsha xa uchama.
• Ukuziva unesicaphucaphu.
• Ukuhlanza.
• Igazi kumchamo okanye ukutshintsha kombala: Umchamo unokuba mdaka, upinki, okanye ubomvu.
• Umchamo onamafu.
• Isidingo sokuchama rhoqo.
• Ukuvuza komchamo okuncinci.

Khawucinge nje, ngobunye ubusuku, uNilanthi ngequbuliso weva intlungu ebuhlungu emqolo wakhe. Wayengenakukwazi nokuyicinga into eyenzekileyo. Intlungu yayimbi kakhulu kangangokuba wayengakwazi nokuma nkqo. Kuphela xa waya esibhedlele apho wafumanisa ukuba kukho ilitye elinamathele kumchamo wakhe.

Kutheni la matye omchamo esenzeka?

Isizathu esiphambili sokwakheka kwamatye ezintso kukwanda kobuninzi bezinto ezenza amatye kumchamo wakho. Ngokwesiqhelo, ezi zinto zidlula kwinkqubo yomchamo ngaphandle kweengxaki. Kodwa oku akwenzeki kuba umzimba wakho awuvelisi umchamo owaneleyo wokunyibilikisa okanye ukuhlamba ezi zinto. Oku kwenzeka rhoqo ngenxa yokuba awuseli manzi aneleyo. Emva koko ezi zinto ziyaqokelelana kancinci kancinci zize ziqale ukwenza amatye.

Izinto eziphambili ezisetyenzisiweyo ukwenza eli litye zezi:

• I-calcium
• I-Oxalate
• I-asidi ye-Uric
• I-Phosphate
• I-Cystine
• I-Xanthine

Ilitye lingahlala ixesha elingakanani kwi-urethra?

Le yinto eyahluka ukusuka kumntu nomntu. Ngenxa yokuba umzimba wakho wahlukile kowomnye umntu, ixesha olithathayo ukuze udlule ilitye linokwahluka. Ngamanye amaxesha, usenokungakwazi ukudlulela ilitye konke konke.

Kwabaninzi abantu, ilitye elingaphantsi kweemilimitha ezi-4 lingadlula kwiveki okanye ezimbini.

Xa ilitye elikwi-urethra lifikelela kwisinyi, lidla ngokudlula kwiintsuku ezimbalwa.

Ugqirha uyixilonga njani le nto?

Ugqirha uza kuqala akubuze ngeempawu zakho aze enze uvavanyo lomzimba. Emva koko angayalela uvavanyo olufana nolu ukuqinisekisa ukuba unamatye ezintso:

• Uhlalutyo lomchamo: Oku kuhlola umchamo ukuba kukho iimpawu zosulelo kunye namanqanaba ezinto ezinokubangela ukwakheka kwamatye.
• Uvavanyo lwegazi: Olu vavanyo lujonga ukuba izintso zisebenza kakuhle kangakanani na, ukuba kukho usulelo na, kwaye nokuba kukho ezinye iingxaki ezinokubangela ukwakheka kwamatye.
• I-ultrasound scan: Isebenzisa amaza esandi ukujonga ukuba akukho zithintelo kwindlela yomchamo.
• I-CT scan (i-Computed Tomography - i-CT scan): Oku kunceda ugqirha wakho ukuba amisele ubungakanani obuchanekileyo, indawo, kunye nobunzima belitye lakho lomchamo.

Uzisusa njani ezi litye zomchamo? (Unyango)

Indlela yokususa amatye omchamo ixhomekeke kubukhulu bamatye, indawo akuyo, kunye nezinto ezenziwe ngazo. Ngokuxhomekeke kubukhulu nendawo elikuyo ilitye, ugqirha wakho angakunika umbono olungileyo wokuba ungalikhupha nje okanye ungaliphumi.

Ukuba unamatshe amakhulu ezintso okanye uvalwe kwinkqubo yakho yomchamo, ugqirha wezifo zomchamo unokucebisa unyango olufana nolu:

• I-Shock Wave Lithotripsy (SWL): Oku kuquka ukusebenzisa amaza esandi anamandla aphezulu ukuqhekeza amatye kwindlela yokuchama. Emva koko iziqwenga ezincinci ziphuma lula emchameni. Olu lolona nyango lungenamchamo kakhulu, kodwa alufanelekanga kuye wonke umntu.
• I-Ureteroscopy:Kule nto, kufakwa ityhubhu ende nebhityileyo (ureteroscope) nge-urethra. Inekhamera eqhotyoshelweyo esiphelweni. Le tyhubhu idluliselwa kwisinyi ize ingene kwi-urethra ukuze kufunyanwe ilitye. Emva koko iyasuswa okanye icolwe nge-laser.
• I-Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy (PCNL): Kule nkqubo, ugqirha wakho wenza umngxuma omncinci emqolo wakho aze afake i-scope ngqo kwizintso zakho ukuze afumane aze asuse ilitye. Olu nyango lucetyiswa kuphela ukuba ilitye likhulu kakhulu okanye linesimo esingalinganiyo.
• Ii-stents zomchamo: Ezi ziityhubhu ezincinci, eziguquguqukayo, zexeshana ezinceda ukugcina umchamo uvulekile, uvumela umchamo ukuba ujikeleze ilitye eliwuvimbayo.
• Unyango lweMedical Expulsive (MET): Olu lusebenza kakhulu kumatye amancinci kwindlela esezantsi yomchamo. Lusebenzisa amayeza afana ne-alpha-blockers, i-calcium channel blockers, i-corticosteroids, kunye ne-phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors (PDE5).

Amayeza akhethekileyo kwiintlobo ezithile zamatye

Olu hlobo lwamayeza lunokunikwa abantu abavelisa iintlobo ezithile zamatye omchamo, ingakumbi:

• Ngamatye e-calcium:
• I-Potassium citrate: Oku kwenza umchamo ube ne-alkaline eninzi kwaye kunciphisa i-asidi.
• I-Diuretics: Ezi zinceda ekususeni ulwelo olugqithisileyo kunye ne-calcium emzimbeni ngomchamo.
• Ngamatye e-struvite:
• Ii-antibiotics: La ngamayeza alwa nosulelo lweentsholongwane.
• I-Acetohydroxamic acid: Oku kunceda ukuthintela ukuqokelelwa kwe-ammonia kumchamo.
• Ngamatye e-cystine:
• I-Tiopronin (mercaptopropionyl glycine): Oku kunceda ukuthintela amatye ezintso kubantu abane-cystinuria.
• `I-potassium citrate`.

Ndingazinyamekela njani/ndizilawula njani iimpawu?

Kubaluleke kakhulu ukusela ulwelo oluninzi, olufana namanzi. Ukusela ubuncinane iilitha ezi-2 ukuya kwezi-3 zolwelo ngosuku kunokunceda ekuphumeni kwamatye amancinci omchamo.

Amayeza angengowe-steroidal anti-inflammatory (NSAIDs) angathengwa kwikhemesti ngenxa yentlungu okanye ukungakhululeki okuncinci. Ezona NSAID zisetyenziswa kakhulu yi-aspirin, i-ibuprofen, kunye ne-naproxen. Ayinguye wonke umntu onokuthatha ezi NSAID, ngoko ke kulungile ukubuza ugqirha wakho okanye ikhemesti ngaphambi kokuba uzisebenzise.

Kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuchacha emva konyango?

Uninzi lwabantu luziva lungcono kwiintsuku ezimbalwa emva konyango. Nangona kunjalo, unokufumana ezinye iziphumo ezingalindelekanga de kube kuphume ilitye lokugqibela emzimbeni wakho.

Ukuthintela njani ukwakheka kwamatye omchamo?

Kukho iindlela ezininzi zokuthintela ukwakheka kwamatye omchamo:

• Sela ulwelo olungaphezulu: Kungcono ukusela ubuncinane iilitha ezi-2 ukuya kwezi-3 zolwelo ngosuku. Amanzi angcono, kodwa nezinye izinto ezifana nelemonade kunye nejusi yeorenji nazo zilungile.
• Nciphisa iiproteni zezilwanyana: Iiproteni zezilwanyana ezifana nenyama, amaqanda, kunye nentlanzi zonyusa ubungakanani be-uric acid emzimbeni wakho. Iilentile, iimbotyi, ii-green peas, i-seitan, kunye ne-tofu ziindawo ezilungileyo zeproteni ezinganyusi amanqanaba e-uric acid.
• Nciphisa i-sodium ekutyeni kwakho: Ukutya ngaphantsi kwe-1,500 milligrams yetyuwa ngosuku kunokunciphisa umngcipheko wokuba namatye ezintso. Ungayitshintsha ityuwa ngezinto ezithatha indawo yetyuwa, iziqholo, ijusi yelamuni, kunye neviniga enencasa.
• Nciphisa ukutya okune-oxalate eninzi: I-Oxalate sisondlo esifumaneka ekutyeni okufana nesipinatshi, iialmond, iicashews, kunye neetapile. Nangona kunjalo, ukutya kunye neziselo ezityebileyo ngecalcium kunokunceda ukuthintela amatye e-oxalate.

Ngamanye amaxesha ugqirha wakho uya kukuxelela ukuba uchamele kwi-strainer okanye kwi-filter ekhethekileyo de ilitye lakho lidlule. Emva koko ilitye liyasuswa kwaye uhlalutyo lwekhemikhali yalo luhlalutywe. Ngokusekelwe kolo lwazi, ugqirha wakho unokuphuhlisa isicwangciso sonyango sokuthintela ukwakheka kwamatye kwakhona.

Ndingalindela ntoni ukuba ndinamatshe ezintso?

Ukuba uxilongwe ngokuchanekileyo, ingqikelelo yabantu abanamatye ezintso ilungile. Nangona kunjalo, kukho ithuba lokuba uza kuphinda ube namatye ezintso.

Abantu abaninzi badlula amatye ezintso amancinci ngaphandle konyango. Kumatye amakhulu, unyango lunokuqhekeza ilitye kwaye lukuvumele ukuba ulidlulise ngokwakho, okanye ugqirha angalisusa. Amayeza anokunceda nokususa amatye ezintso kwaye awathintele ukuba aphinde akheke.

Ukuba ukhe wanamatshe omchamo angaphezu kwelinye, ugqirha wakho angakunceda ufumane unobangela. Emva kolu hlalutyo, ungenza utshintsho kwindlela ophila ngayo ukuze uthintele ukwakheka kwamatye kwakhona.

Ndifanele ndimbone nini ugqirha?

Ukuba ufumana iimpawu zamatye ezintso, bona ugqirha ngokukhawuleza. Ukuba intlungu yakho ayinyamezeleki, angakunika amayeza entlungu kunye nesicaphucaphu/ukuhlanza.

Ukuba unelitye lezintso, ugqirha angayifumana indawo elikuyo aze akunike unyango olufanelekileyo.

Yeyiphi imibuzo omele uyibuze ugqirha wakho?

• Uyabona njani ukuba ndinelitye lezintso?
• Ukuba andinalo ilitye lezintso, zeziphi ezinye iingxaki zempilo endinokuba nazo?
• Loluphi uhlobo lwelitye lezintso endinalo?
• Ingakanani ilitye lam lomchamo?
• Ilitye lam likuwuphi umchamo?
• Mangaphi amatye omchamo endinawo?
• Ngaba ndiza kukwazi ukuphulukana neli litye lezintso, okanye ndifuna unyango?
• Yeyiphi indlela engcono yokususa amatye omchamo wam?
• Ndingakuthintela njani ukwakheka kwamatye omchamo kwakhona?
• Zeziphi iinguqu endifanele ndizenze kwindlela enditya ngayo?
• Ngaba kufuneka ndithathe naluphi na unyango lokuthintela ukwakheka kwamatye ezintso kwakhona?

Ekugqibeleni, umyalezo oya ekhaya:

Ukuba namatye ezintso yinto ecaphukisayo nebuhlungu kakhulu. Nangona kunjalo, le yimeko yexeshana. Ugqirha wakho angakunceda uthintele iimpawu zakho ukuba zingabi mbi. Ke ngoko, bubulumko ukubona ugqirha kwangoko xa ubona iimpawu zamatye ezintso. Uza kukunika nemiyalelo efunekayo yokuthintela ukwakheka kwamatye ezintso kwakhona. Ungakhathazeki, le meko inokulawulwa kakuhle ngonyango olufanelekileyo kunye notshintsho kwindlela yokuphila!

Amatye omchamo , amatye ezintso, indlela yomchamo, iintlungu, usulelo kwindlela yomchamo, unyango, uthintelo