Ingaba umzimba wakho ugcwele isinyithi? Masifunde nge-hemochromatosis.

Ngaba uhlala uziva udiniwe kwaye unentlungu yamalungu? Ngamanye amaxesha sicinga ukuba ezi zinto ziqhelekile size sizityeshele. Kodwa ezi zinto zinokuba ziimpawu zesinyithi esininzi emzimbeni wethu. Namhlanje sithetha ngenye yeemeko ezinjalo, "iHemochromatosis". Nangona eli ligama elingaziwayo, kubaluleke kakhulu ukwazi ngalo.

Ngamafutshane, yintoni i-hemochromatosis?

I-Hemochromatosis yimeko apho umzimba wakho uqokelela i-iron eninzi kakhulu. Abanye abantu bayibiza ngokuba yi-"iron overload." Ngokwesiqhelo, amathumbu ethu afunxa kuphela isixa se-iron esifunekayo ngumzimba wethu ekutyeni esikutyayo. Kodwa kubantu abane-hemochromatosis, umzimba ufunxa i-iron engaphezulu kunaleyo uyidingayo. Ingxaki kukuba akukho ndlela yokususa le iron ingaphezulu. Ngoko ke umzimba ugcina le iron ingaphezulu kumalungu akho nakwizitho ezibalulekileyo ezifana nesibindi, intliziyo, kunye nepancreas.

Kukho iintlobo ezimbini eziphambili zale meko.

Le meko inokwahlulwa ibe ziintlobo ezimbini eziphambili. 1. I-Primary Hemochromatosis: Le yimeko yelifa. Oko kukuthi, idluliselwa ngamalungu osapho ngee-genes. Ukuze kube yinyani, ukuze ufumane esi sifo, kufuneka ufumane i-gene enesiphene kumama wakho nakutata wakho. 2. I-Secondary Hemochromatosis: Oku kwenzeka ngenxa yezinye izizathu. Umzekelo, le meko inokwenzeka kubantu abaneengxaki zempilo ezifuna utofelo-gazi rhoqo (umz., i-thalassemia) okanye kubantu abanezinye izifo zesibindi.

Zithini izizathu ze-hemochromatosis?

Izizathu ezibangelwa lilifa

I-HFE gene ilawula ukuba ingakanani i-iron efunxwa ngumzimba wethu ekutyeni. Iinguqu ezimbini kwi-HFE gene, i-C282Y kunye ne-H63D, zibangela uninzi lweemeko ze-hemochromatosis ezizuzwa njengelifa. Ezinye ii-gene zinokubangela inani elincinci lamatyala (malunga ne-10%-15%). Ezi zibizwa ngokuba yi-non-HFE hemochromatosis. Ukuba kukho utshintsho kwii-gene ezifana ne-HJV okanye i-HAMP, iimpawu zihlala zibonakala ebuntwaneni. Ngamanye amaxesha, umonakalo wesibindi kunye ne-cirrhosis zinokwenzeka kwasebuntwaneni.Imeko inokwenzeka ukuba ivele.

Ezinye izizathu zangaphandle (Izizathu zesibini)

Olu hlobo ludla ngokuvela xa umntu enesifo esifana ne-anemia enzima kwaye kufuneka atofelwe igazi rhoqo. Oku kungenxa yokuba iiseli ezibomvu zegazi ezinikwa zona zivela ngaphandle ziqulethe i-iron eninzi. Ekubeni umzimba ungenandlela yokususa le iron, iqala ukuqokelelana. Ukuqokelelana kwe-iron kunokwanda xa isibindi sonakaliswa zizifo ezifana ne-cirrhosis okanye i-hepatitis B okanye i-C engapheliyo.

Ngubani osengozini enkulu yoku?

Ukuba unezi zinto zilandelayo, usengozini enkulu yokuba ne-hemochromatosis. Makhe sijonge itheyibhile ukuze sikuqonde kakuhle oku.

Ziziphi iimpawu ze-hemochromatosis?

Malunga nesiqingatha sabantu abane-hemochromatosis abanazo naziphi na iimpawu. Kumadoda, iimpawu zihlala ziqala ukuvela phakathi kweminyaka engama-30 nama-50. Kubafazi, iimpawu zihlala zibonakala emva kweminyaka engama-50, okanye emva kokuya exesheni. Nazi ezinye zeempawu eziphambili:

• Iintlungu zamalungu , ingakumbi kumalungu nasemadolweni.
• Ukudinwa okungapheliyo ngaphandle kwesizathu.
• Ukunciphisa umzimba ngaphandle kwesizathu.
• Ulusu lujika lube yibronze okanye lube ngwevu .
• Intlungu zesisu .
• Ukuncipha komnqweno wesondo .
• Ukulahleka kweenwele emzimbeni.
• Utshintsho kwisantya sentliziyo (iHeart flutter).
• Inkumbulo enomnkungu ivakala ididekile, njengengqondo enomnkungu.

Ngamanye amaxesha, esi sifo asibonisi ezi mpawu, kodwa endaweni yoko siziveza njengezinye iingxaki. Umzekelo:

• Iingxaki zesibindi, ingakumbi isifo sesibindi
• Isifo seswekile
• Ukuphazamiseka kwentliziyo
• Isifo samathambo
• Ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwe-erectile

Uyifumana njani le nto, Gqirha?

Ngenxa yokuba ezi mpawu zinokubonakala kwezinye izifo, ngamanye amaxesha ukuxilongwa kunokuba nzima kancinci. Kodwa ukuba uneempawu, izinto ezinobungozi, okanye ilungu losapho linesifo, ugqirha wakho uza kusijonga. Nazi ezinye zeendlela eziphambili zokufumanisa isifo:

• Ukubuza ngembali yakho neyentsapho yakho: Ugqirha uza kubuza ukuba kukho umntu kusapho lwakho onesi sifo, isifo sesibindi, okanye isifo samathambo.
• Uvavanyo lomzimba: Umzimba wakho uza kuhlolwa.
• Uvavanyo lwegazi: Kwenziwa uvavanyo oluphambili olubini.

1. Ukwanda kwe-Transferrin: Oku kubonisa ukuba ingakanani i-iron ebotshelelwe kwi-transferrin, iproteni ethwala i-iron egazini. 2.I-serum ferritin: Oku kulinganisa inqanaba le-ferritin, iproteni egcina isinyithi emzimbeni. Ukuba olu vavanyo lubonisa amanqanaba aphezulu esinyithi, ugqirha wakho unokukuthumela kuvavanyo lwemfuza ukuze afumanise ukuba unayo na i-gene ebangela i-hemochromatosis.

• Uvavanyo lwesibindi: Kuthathwa iqhekeza elincinci kakhulu lesibindi lize lihlolwe phantsi kwemakroskopu ukuze kubonwe ukuba akukho monakalo na kwisibindi.
• I-MRI scan: Isebenzisa iimagnethi kunye namaza erediyo ukwenza imifanekiso ecacileyo yamalungu akho omzimba.

Zithini iindlela zonyango?

Ukuba une-hemochromatosis yelifa, unyango oluphambili yi -phlebotomy . Ngamafutshane, oku kukususwa kwegazi emzimbeni wakho ngamaxesha athile. Kufana nendlela esinikela ngayo ngegazi eSri Lanka. Ugqirha okanye umongikazi oqeqeshiweyo ufaka inaliti emthanjeni osengalweni yakho aze asuse inani elithile legazi. Injongo ephambili yoku kukubuyisela amanqanaba esinyithi egazini lakho kwimeko eqhelekileyo. Oku kwenzeka ngamacandelo amabini:

• Unyango lokuqala: Kuya kufuneka uye esibhedlele okanye ekliniki kanye okanye kabini ngeveki ukuze kutsalwe igazi de amanqanaba akho e-iron abuyele esiqhelweni. Oku kungathatha unyaka okanye ngaphezulu.
• Unyango lokugcinwa: Xa amanqanaba e-iron ebuyele esiqhelweni, ukuphindaphinda kokufakwa kwegazi kuyancitshiswa. Oku kudla ngokwenziwa kabini ukuya kane ngonyaka.

Ukuba une-hemochromatosis yesibini, okanye ukuba imithambo yakho ayinamandla ngokwaneleyo okususa igazi, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa unyango olubizwa ngokuba yi-chelation therapy . Oku kuquka ukukunika amayeza anceda umzimba wakho ukhuphe i-iron engaphezulu ngomchamo wakho kunye nendle.

Zeziphi iinguqu ezinokwenziwa ekhaya nakwindlela ophila ngayo?

Ukuba utya i-phlebotomy, akunyanzelekanga ukuba ulandele ukutya okungqongqo kuba kunceda ekulawuleni amanqanaba akho e-iron. Nangona kunjalo, ungenza oku kulandelayo ukunciphisa umngcipheko weengxaki:

• Kuphephe ngokupheleleyo utywala. Utywala bunokunyusa umonakalo wesibindi.
• Kuphephe ukutya intlanzi eluhlaza okanye i-shellfish. Zisenokuba neebhaktheriya ezinokubangela usulelo kubantu abane-iron ephezulu.
• Kuphephe ukuthatha izongezo zevithamini C. Nangona kunjalo, akukho ngxaki yokutya ukutya kwendalo okunevithamini C (umz. iiorenji, iitangerines).
• Kuphephe ukuthatha izongezo zesinyithi okanye ii-multivitamins ezinesinyithi.
• Ziphephe ukutya iinkozo zesidlo sakusasa ezongeziweyo nge-iron (eziqinisiweyo).
• Nciphisa ukutya okutyebileyo kwi-iron (umz., ii-oyster, idada, ispinatshi). Buza ugqirha wakho ngale nto.Mamela uze ufumane okungakumbi.

Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya

• I-Hemochromatosis yimeko apho i-iron eninzi iqokelelana emzimbeni. Ngokuyintloko yimeko yemfuza edluliselwa kwizizukulwana ngezizukulwana.
• Iimpawu zingabandakanya ukudinwa, iintlungu zamalungu, kunye nokutshintsha kombala wolusu. Abanye abantu basenokungabi nazo kwaphela iimpawu.
• Ukuba uneempawu okanye umntu kusapho lwakho onesi sifo, bona ugqirha wakho ngokukhawuleza ukuze akunike icebiso.
• Ukuxilongwa kwangethuba kunye nonyango (i-Phlebotomy) kunokulawula amanqanaba esinyithi emzimbeni kwaye kuthintele umonakalo kwizitho zomzimba.
• Le asiyonto yokoyika. Ngonyango olufanelekileyo kunye neengcebiso, ungaphila ubomi obuqhelekileyo nobunempilo.

I-Hemochromatosis, Ukugcwala kwesinyithi, Isifo sesibindi, Iintlungu zamalungu, i-Phlebotomy