Ngaba uyayazi iMonkey Fever okanye iKyasanur Forest Disease?

Usenokuba ngumntu othanda ukuhamba eIndiya, ingakumbi emahlathini. Kodwa xa sihamba ngolu hlobo, kufuneka sicinge kancinci ngezifo ezingaziwayo. Namhlanje sithetha ngesifo esinye esinjalo, esinokuba yingozi, ingakumbi emahlathini elizwe laseIndiya iKarnataka. Esi sifo sidluliselwa ziincukuthu kwaye saziwa ngokuba yi "monkey fever" phakathi kwabantu.

Yintoni iKaisanur Forest Disease (KFD)?

Ngamafutshane, esi sisifo esibangelwa yintsholongwane. Sibizwa ngokuba sisifo samahlathi saseKaisanur, kuba saqala ukuxelwa kwihlathi elibizwa ngokuba yiKaisanur kwilizwe laseKarnataka, eIndiya. Esi sisifo esibangelwa yintsholongwane esopha igazi . Oku kuthetha ukuba ukuba esi sifo siba sibi kakhulu, sinokubangela ukopha ngaphakathi nangaphandle komzimba kwanokufa.

Intsholongwane ebangela oku yeyosapho lweentsholongwane ezibizwa ngokuba yi-'Flaviviridae'. Ezi ziwela kudidi lwe-'arbovirus'. Oku kuthetha ukuba le ntsholongwane idluliselwa kakhulu zizilwanyana ezincinci '(ii-arthropods)' ezifana neengcongconi kunye neencukuthu.

Cinga ngale ndlela. Le ntsholongwane idla ngokufumaneka kwizilwanyana ezifana neempuku, iimpuku, kunye neenkawu. Xa ikhalane lifunxa igazi lesinye sezi zilwanyana, intsholongwane ingena emzimbeni wekhalane. Emva koko, xa loo khalane iluma umntu, intsholongwane ingena emizimbeni yethu. Kwakhona, ukuba uchukumisa isilwanyana esifana nenkawu egula sesi sifo okanye esandula ukufa, ungasifumana esi sifo.

Izilwanyana zasekhaya ezifana neenkomo, iibhokhwe, neegusha nazo zinokosulelwa yile ntsholongwane. Nangona kunjalo, asinakufumana esi sifo ngqo kwezo zilwanyana. Nangona kunjalo, singasifumana esi sifo ngeempukane emizimbeni yazo. Esi sifo asinakosulelwa ngokusela ubisi lwezo zilwanyana.

Esi sifo sixhaphake kakhulu kwilizwe laseIndiya iKarnataka kunye namazwe angabamelwane balo. Esi sifo sidla ngokuxhaphaka kakhulu ukususela ngoJanuwari ukuya kuMeyi .

Zithini iimpawu zesi sifo?

Iimpawu ziqala emva kweentsuku ezi-2 ukuya kwezi-7 emva kokulunywa yikhalane. Iimpawu zokuqala kukuqala ngequbuliso komkhuhlane ophezulu kunye nokubanda. Oku kunokuhamba nentloko ebuhlungu kakhulu. Abanye abantu banokuba ne-photophobia , ukungakwazi ukujonga ukukhanya okukhanyayo .

Lo mkhuhlane unokuhlala iintsuku ezili-12 nangaphezulu. Ngeli xesha, unokufumana ezi mpawu:

• Ukuhlanza kunye norhudo
• Ukukhwehlela
• Intlungu emqolo nakwimilenze
• Amadyungudyungu amanzi emzimbeni
• Ubuthathaka obukhulu

Emva kweentsuku ezi-3 okanye ezi-4, kunokubonakala olunye uphawu oluyingozi. Oko kukopha . Ungaqala ukopha ezintsinini nasempumlweni. Kunye nokuhlanzaUkopha igazi kunokwenzeka, ukukhohlela igazi, kwaye igazi lingadluliselwa kwindle, lijike libe mnyama okanye libe bomvu. Ukopha igazi emaphaphu okanye ukopha kakhulu emathunjini kunokukhokelela ekufeni.

Nangona kunjalo, uninzi lwabantu luyaphola kwiintsuku ezili-10 ukuya kwezili-14. Nangona kunjalo, kwanangexesha lokuphola, kusenokubakho ukungcangcazela kwemisipha, ukuziva ubuthathaka, kunye nokungcangcazela.

Inqanaba lesibini lesi sifo

Abanye abantu (malunga nama-20%) banokuba nesifo se-biphasic. Oku kuthetha ukuba umkhuhlane uyaphela uze ubuye. Kweli nqanaba lesibini , iimpawu ezinxulumene nenkqubo yemithambo-luvo zixhaphake kakhulu.

• Ukozela
• Ukulahleka kwenkumbulo
• Isiyezi
• Ukuxhuzula kwesifo sokuwa
• Ukulahlekelwa zingqondo `(ukungazi nto)`

Ukopha kusenokubakho nakwinqanaba lesibini. Le meko ihlala malunga neentsuku ezili-12-14. Izinga lokufa kwesi sifo liphakathi kwe-2% kunye ne-10%.

Indlela yokuxilonga ngokuchanekileyo isifo?

Ngenxa yokuba iimpawu zezifo ezininzi ezithwalwa ziincukuthu ziyafana, ngamanye amaxesha kunokuba nzima ukuchonga unobangela ochanekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ugqirha wakho urhanela ukuba kukho i-KFD, kukho iimvavanyo ezininzi zelebhu ezinokuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa.

• Uvavanyo lwe-PCR: Ukufunyanwa kweziqwenga zemfuza zentsholongwane (Ukufunyanwa kweMolecular yi-polymerase chain reaction - PCR)).
• Ukuzahlula iintsholongwane: Ukuzahlula iintsholongwane egazini.
• Uvavanyo lwe-antibody: Uvavanyo lwe-serologic olusebenzisa i-ELISA lukhangela ii-antibodies egazini eziveliswe ngokuchasene nentsholongwane.

I-PCR kunye ne-ELISA ziimvavanyo ezinika iziphumo ezikhawulezileyo. Ke ngoko, isifo sinokufunyaniswa ngokukhawuleza kwaye unyango lunokuqaliswa. Kwesi sifo, ukulaliswa esibhedlele kwangethuba kunye nonyango kunokusindisa ubomi.

Iphathwa njani?

Ngelishwa, akukho chiza lithile lokulwa nentsholongwane elifunyenweyo le-KFD , ngoko ke unyango lukhawulelwe kwiimpawu kunye nonyango oluxhasayo.

Ugqirha wakho uza kukunika amayeza okunciphisa umkhuhlane kunye nentlungu, aze akuxelele ukuba usele amanzi amaninzi ukuze uthintele ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni.

Abo bagula kakhulu kufuneka bangeniswe esibhedlele ukuze bafumane unyango.

• Ukuba kukho ulwelo olugcinwa emzimbeni, kunikwa i-saline (ulwelo olufakwa emithanjeni).
• Ukuba uxinzelelo lwegazi luphantsi, luyanyangwa.
• Ukuba kukho ukopha okugqithisileyo, utofelo-gazi luyanikwa.
• Ukunyanga iingxaki ezifana nesifo sokuwa.

Ungasiphepha njani esi sifo siyingozi?

Ekubeni kungekho nyango luthile loku, eyona nto ingcono onokuyenza kukuthintela ukuba esi sifo singabikho . Zimbini iindlela eziphambili zokwenza oku: ukugonywa kunye nokukhuselwa kwiinkowane.

1. Ukugonywa

Kukho isitofu sokugonya i-KFD. Senziwe ngentsholongwane engasebenziyo. Malunga nama-70% abantu abafumana esi sitofu baphuhlisa ii-antibodies ezinokulwa nesi sifo.

2. Ukuphepha ukulunywa ziikhreyikhi

Le yeyona nto ibalulekileyo esinokuyenza. Ukuba uya kwindawo apho esi sifo sikhoyo, qiniseka ukuba uyazenza ezi zinto ukuze uzikhusele kwiinkozo.

Umngcipheko wakho wokuba ne-KFD uxhomekeke ekubeni uhamba phi, uhamba nini, kunye nemisebenzi oyenzayo. Ummandla waseWestern Ghats eKarnataka, eIndiya, usengozini enkulu, kodwa amatyala ngoku abikwa nakwamanye amazwe angqonge iTamil Nadu, iGoa, iKerala, kunye neMaharashtra.