I-Secondary Polycythemia: Masifunde ngezizathu, iimpawu, kunye nonyango ngokulula

Ngaba ngamanye amaxesha uziva udiniwe kakhulu, unesiyezi , kwaye umbono wakho ufiphele kancinci? Nangona sicinga ukuba ezi zizinto eziqhelekileyo, ngamanye amaxesha isizathu soku singaba kukuqokelelana kwegazi emizimbeni yethu. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yiSecondary Polycythemia kwisayensi yezonyango. Musa ukoyika xa usiva eli gama, le yimeko engaqhelekanga. Ngamafutshane, oku kuthetha ukuba umzimba wakho uvelisa iiseli zegazi ezibomvu ezingaphezulu kunokuba kufanele . Ngoko masithethe ngale nto ngokweenkcukacha, ngokulula.

Kutheni igazi liqina ngolu hlobo? Zithini izizathu?

Igama elithi "lesibini" lithetha "lesibini." Ngoko ke esi sifo sinikwa elo gama kuba asiyonto eyenzeka ngokuthe ngqo, kodwa sibangelwa yenye imeko yezonyango okanye unobangela .

Cinga ngale ndlela, iiseli ezibomvu zegazi zithwala ioksijini ziye kwizicubu zomzimba wethu. Ukuba ngesizathu esithile ingqondo okanye izintso zifumana umqondiso wokuba umzimba awufumani ioksijini eyaneleyo, izintso zivelisa ihomoni ebizwa ngokuba yi-'Erythropoietin' okanye ' EPO' . Le hormone ye-'EPO' iya kumongo wethu wethambo ize iyixelele ukuba "yenze iiseli ezibomvu zegazi ezingaphezulu, umzimba awufumani ioksijini eyaneleyo." Ngoko umongo uqala ukwenza iiseli ezibomvu zegazi ezintsha. Xa inani leeseli ezibomvu zegazi lisanda ngale ndlela, igazi liyanda kancinci kancinci. Eli gazi lixineneyo liba nobunzima bokudlula kwimithambo yegazi emincinci ('capillaries') emzimbeni wethu. Yiyo loo nto umngcipheko weemeko ezinzima ezifana ' nestroke' usanda.

Ngoku makhe sibone ukuba zeziphi izizathu eziphambili zoku.

Yintoni umahluko phakathi kwePrimary kunye neSecondary Polycythemia?

Usenokuba ukhe weva nge-'Primary Polycythemia.' Nangona ezi zimbini zivakala zifana, kukho umahluko omkhulu phakathi kwezi zimbini.

Ngamafutshane, umongo wethu ufana nomzi-mveliso owenza iiseli zegazi.

• I-Primary Polycythemia: Oku kwenzeka xa ifektri ngokwayo (umongo wethambo) ivelisa iiseli ezibomvu zegazi ezininzi kakhulu ngokwayo, ngaphandle kwemiqondiso yangaphandle. Oku kudla ngokubangelwa lutshintsho lwemfuza (`ukuguqulwa`).
• I-Secondary Polycythemia: Apha, ifektri (umongo wamathambo) isebenza kakuhle. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yemiqondiso engalunganga okanye engafunekiyo evela ngaphandle (umz., evela kwizintso) eyixelela ukuba "ivelise ngaphezulu," yenza iiseli ezibomvu zegazi ezininzi kakhulu.

Ukuze bahlukanise phakathi kwezi zimbini, oogqirha bavavanya ijini ebizwa ngokuba yi-`JAK2`. Abantu abaninzi abane-`Primary Polycythemia` bavavanywa be-`positive` kule jini. Nangona kunjalo, oku akwenzeki kwi-`Secondary Polycythemia`.

Zithini iimpawu zale meko?

Iimpawu zokujiya kwegazi zingahluka kumntu nomntu. Abanye abantu basenokungabi nazo kwaphela iimpawu. Nangona kunjalo, ezi zezona mpawu zixhaphakileyo.

• Ukudinwa
• Intloko ebuhlungu
• Isiyezi
• Umbono ofipheleyo
• I-Anorexia
• Ubuthathaka emzimbeni
• Ukuncipha kwengqondo

Umzekelo, ukuba unobangela yi-'Sleep Apnea', unokufumana ukozela okugqithisileyo emini kunye nokurhona ebusuku.

Uyifumana njani le nto, Gqirha?

Xa uxelela ugqirha wakho ngezi mpawu, into yokuqala aza kuyenza kukubuza ngembali yakho epheleleyo yezonyango. Oko kukuthi, ukuba uyatshaya, ngaba usandula ukuncipha emzimbeni, ngaba ukhe wakhwehlela, waqina esifubeni, wasokola ukuphefumla, okanye warhona ebusuku . Uza kubuza nokuba kukho umntu kusapho lwakho okhe waba nezi ngxaki.

Emva koko, kwenziwa uvavanyo lomzimba kwaye, ukuba kuyimfuneko, kucetyiswa iimvavanyo ezininzi, ezinje:

• Uvavanyo lwegazi: Jonga inani leeseli ezibomvu zegazi, amanqanaba e-EPO hormone, kunye namanqanaba eoksijini egazini (oku kungenziwa ngovavanyo lweArterial Blood Gas - ABG).
• I-ECG (i-Electrocardiogram): Jonga ukusebenza kwentliziyo.
• Uvavanyo lweMifanekiso: I-X-ray yesifuba, i-CT scan, okanye i-ultrasound scan inokujonga ukudumba kwentliziyo, isibindi, okanye i-spleen.

Kungezi mvavanyo apho ugqirha afumana unobangela wokwenene wale meko.

Zithini iindlela zonyango zoku?

Eyona nto ingcono ngale nto kukuba i-secondary polycythemia inokunyangeka ngokuchonga nokunyanga imeko ebangela ukuba igazi lijiye .

• Ukunyanga unobangela oyintloko:
• Ukuba ungumntu otshayayo: Kubalulekile ukuyeka ukutshaya. Ugqirha uza kukunika iingcebiso kunye namayeza afunekayo oku.
• Ukuba kungenxa yokutyeba kakhulu: Uya kucetyiswa ukuba utshintshe indlela ophila ngayo, wenze umthambo, kwaye unciphise umzimba.
• Ukuba unesifo semiphunga esifana ne-COPD: Unyango lwe-oxygen oluhamba kancinci lunokunceda ukubuyisela amanqanaba e-oxygen emzimbeni.
• Ukuba kungenxa yethumba: Le meko inokunyangeka ngokupheleleyo ngokususwa kwethumba ngotyando.

• Unyango lokunciphisa iimpawu:
• I-Phlebotomy: Oku kufana nokufakelwa igazi. Malunga nesiqingatha sepayinti okanye ipayinti yegazi isuswa emthanjeni, nto leyo enciphisa inani leeseli ezibomvu zegazi kwaye inciphise igazi. Oku kunika isiqabu ngokukhawuleza kwiimpawu ezifana nentloko ebuhlungu kunye nesiyezi.
• Amayeza: Ugqirha wakho angakunika amayeza afana ne-aspirin ukunciphisa iintlungu, kunye ne-antihistamines kwiimpawu ezifana nokurhawuzelelwa.

Kuyacaphukisa ukufunda ngesinye isifo ngelixa ujongene nesinye. Kodwa khumbula, uninzi lwezifo ezibangela i-'Secondary Polycythemia' ziyaziwa kwaye zineendlela ezahlukeneyo zonyango. Ke ngoko, ukuba unobangela unyangwa ngokufanelekileyo, esi sifo asiyi kuchaphazela ubomi bakho.