Mama abakhulelweyo, masizikhusele kule ntsholongwane imbi kakhulu yeZika! Ngaba singayifunda yonke le nkcukacha?

Ukuba ukhulelwe okanye ulindele umntwana kungekudala, oku kuza kuba yinto ebaluleke kakhulu kuwe. Usenokuba ukhe weva igama elithi "Zika". Kodwa namhlanje, masithethe ngokuba yintoni kanye kanye kwaye kutheni iyingozi, ingakumbi kubafazi abakhulelweyo. Kufana nokuthetha nomhlobo wakho osenyongweni, ngoko masizame ukuyiqonda ngokulula.

Yintoni iZika? Ivela phi?

Ngamafutshane, iZika sisifo esibangelwa yintsholongwane . Njengedengue kunye ne-chikungunya, idluliselwa kakhulu ziingcongconi. Ngokukodwa, iintlobo ezimbini zeengcongconi, `(Aedes aegypti)` kunye `(Aedes albopictus)`, zithwala le ntsholongwane . Ezi ngcongconi ziluma rhoqo emini.

Uninzi lwabantu abaneZika abanazo naziphi na iimpawu , okanye ezibuthathaka kakhulu. Ngoko ke usenokungazi nokuba unesi sifo. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba umfazi okhulelweyo wosulelwe yile ntsholongwane, inokonakalisa kakhulu uphuhliso lwengqondo yomntwana ongekazalwa. Leyo yeyona ngozi inkulu.

Ingcongconi ethwala intsholongwane iZika ifumaneka kumazwe amaninzi kwihlabathi liphela. Esi sifo sisasazeke ngakumbi eMelika, kwiCaribbean, kwiindawo ezithile zaseAfrika, nakwamanye amazwe aseAsia. Ngaphambili, bekukho nezifo ezinkulu ezibulalayo. Ngoku, uninzi lweemeko zixelwa phakathi kwabantu abaye bahamba kwamanye amazwe.

Zithini iimpawu zeZika? Ngaba wonke umntu uyayiqonda?

Okumangalisayo kukuba, ayinguye wonke umntu oneZika oza kuba neempawu. Ngokomyinge, malunga nomntu omnye kwabahlanu kuphela osulelekileyo oza kuba neempawu. Kwaye ezo mpawu zihlala zithatha iintsuku ezimbini ukuya kwiveki.

Iimpawu eziphambili ezinokubonwa zezi:

• Ifiva
• Intloko ebuhlungu
• Intlungu yamalungu (ingakumbi amalungu amancinci ezandla neenyawo)
• Ububomvu bamehlo (obufana nobombhobho wamehlo)
• Ukonakala kolusu(Olu luhlobo lwe-"Maculopapular" lwerhashalala, oko kuthetha ukuba ezinye iindawo ziphakanyisiwe kwaye ezinye iindawo zithe tyaba kwaye zibomvu. Ngamanye amaxesha ezi rhashalala zinokurhawuzelela.)

Ngenxa yokuba ezi mpawu zifana nezo zemikhuhlane eqhelekileyo yentsholongwane kunye nomkhuhlane wedengue, sisenokungacingi nokuba yiZika. Yiyo loo nto kubalulekile ukuba uzazi ezi mpawu ukuba ukhe waya kwindawo esengozini.

Ingaba iZika iyingozi? Ngubani ochaphazeleka kakhulu?

Kubantu abadala nakubantwana, iZika ayisosifo sinzima. Uninzi lwabantu luyaphola kwiintsuku ezimbalwa, kungekho zimpawu okanye iimpawu ezingephi.

Nangona kunjalo, iZika yimeko eyingozi kakhulu kubafazi abakhulelweyo. Le yinto sonke ekufuneka siyikhumbule.

Ukuba iZika ifunyanwa ngexesha lokukhulelwa, intsholongwane inokudluliselwa ukusuka kumama ukuya kumntwana kwaye inokuphazamisa uphuhliso lwenkqubo yemithambo-luvo yomntwana, ingakumbi ingqondo. Oku kunokukhokelela kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo zokuzalwa xa ezalwa.

IZika ingena njani emizimbeni yethu? Zininzi iindlela enokusasazeka ngazo!

Kukho iindlela ezininzi eziphambili intsholongwane yeZika enokungena ngazo emizimbeni yethu:

1. Ngokulunywa yingcongconi: Le yindlela ephambili neqhelekileyo . Ukuba ingcongconi i-Aedes iluma umntu onentsholongwane kaZika ize ilume umntu ophilileyo, loo mntu unokosuleleka. Njengokuba intsholongwane yedengue isasazeka.

2. Ukusuka kumama okhulelweyo ukuya kusana: Kulapho kufuneka sigxile khona kakhulu . Ukuba umama wosulelwe yiZika ngexesha lokukhulelwa, intsholongwane inokunqumla i-placenta ize yosulele umntwana esibelekweni. Oku kunokubangela iimeko ezinzima kumntwana, ezifana ne-"Microcephaly" (intloko encinci).

3. Ngokwabelana ngesondo: Le yenye into abantu abaninzi abangayaziyo. Le ntsholongwane inokuhlala isebenza kwimbewu kunye nolwelo lwangasese lomntu osuleleke yintsholongwane iZika kangangeeveki, kwaneenyanga. Nokuba akukho zimpawu, kwaye nasemva kokuba isifo siphelile, omnye umntu unokosulelwa ngolu hlobo lwesondo. Ke ngoko, inokudluliselwa ngesondo ngomlomo, langasese, okanye langasese.

4. Ngokutofelwa igazi: Oku kuyinto engaqhelekanga kakhulu . Kubekho amatyala amaninzi osulelo lweZika ngokutofelwa igazi kumazwe afana neBrazil neFrance. Nangona kunjalo, akukho ngxelo zosulelo lweZika ngokutofelwa igazi kumazwe afana ne-United States.

IZika inokosulela ixesha elingakanani?

Xa sithetha ngokusasazeka ngokwesondo, ezinye izifundo zibonise ukuba intsholongwane inokubakho kwisidoda ukuya kuthi ga kwiiveki ezi-6 emva kokuba iimpawu ziqalile. Yiyo loo nto ukuba ubukhe waya kwindawo apho iZika ixhaphake khona, kufuneka uvavanyelwe iZika ubuncinane iinyanga ezi-3 , nokuba uneempawu okanye awunazo.Kucetyiswa ukuba kusetyenziswe iindlela zokuzikhusela ezifana neekhondom xa usabelana ngesondo, okanye ukuzibamba kwisondo.

Zithini iziphumo kumntwana ukuba iZika ifunyenwe ngexesha lokukhulelwa?

Le yeyona nto ibalulekileyo esifanele siyixhalabele sonke. Ukuba umama okhulelweyo ufumana iZika, intsholongwane inokudluliselwa kumntwana wakhe ize ichaphazele ukukhula komntwana. Ngokwezibalo, malunga ne-5% (oko kukuthi malunga nomnye kwabangama-20) boomama abafumana iZika baza kuzalwa abantwana babo beneengxaki ezithile (`(iimeko zokuzalwa)`).

Iingxaki eziphambili ezinokwenzeka zezi:

• Incinci kunobukhulu obuqhelekileyo bentloko (iMicrocephaly) : Oku kuthetha ukuba ingqondo yomntwana ayikakhuli kakuhle. Oku kunokuchaphazela kakhulu uphuhliso lwengqondo nolwenyama lomntwana.
• I-Congenital Zika syndrome : Oku kubonakala ngokucinezelwa kwentloko kakhulu, ukhakhayi olutshone kancinci, ukuncipha kwezicubu zobuchopho, umonakalo wamehlo, iingxaki zamalungu, kunye nokuqina kwemisipha ngokugqithisileyo (hypertonia).
• Uphuhliso olungalunganga lobuchopho : Oku kungabandakanya iimeko ezinzulu ezifana neziphene zetyhubhu ye-neural, i-lissencephaly (ubuchopho obuthambileyo), i-hydrocephalus (amanzi entloko), ukulahleka kweendawo ezithile zobuchopho, kunye nokuwohloka kobuchopho.
• I-Cerebral palsy : Oku kunemiphumo ehlala ixesha elide ekulawuleni ukulungelelaniswa kwemisipha yomntwana kunye nokulawula izihlunu.
• Ukuphazamiseka kokubona okanye ukuva
• Ubunzima obuphantsi bokuzalwa

Into ebalulekileyo kukuba ugqirha akanakutsho ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba ezi ngxaki ziya kwenzeka okanye zingathintelwa na. Nangona kunjalo, banokukulungiselela ngokwengqondo baze bakunike inkxaso efunekayo kwimingeni onokuthi wena nomntwana wakho nijongane nayo xa umntwana ezelwe.

Ungazi njani ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba uneZika? Zithini iindlela zonyango?

Ukuze wazi ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba unosulelo lweZika , kufuneka uhlolwe ngugqirha . Ngokwesiqhelo, igazi okanye umchamo wakho uyavavanywa ukuze kubonwe ukuba intsholongwane ikhona na. Nangona kunjalo, olu vavanyo lwenziwa kuphela ukuba uye waya kwindawo enobungozi beZika kwaye ubonisa iimpawu.

Ngelishwa, akukho nyango lithile okwangoku lokubulala intsholongwane yeZika okanye ukunyanga ngokupheleleyo esi sifo. Oogqirha banokukunceda ukulawula iimpawu zakho (ezifana nomkhuhlane kunye neentlungu zomzimba) kwaye bakufundise indlela yokuphepha ukosulela abanye.

• Ekhaya, unganciphisa umkhuhlane kunye neentlungu zomzimba ngamayeza afana ne-`(Acetaminophen)` (umz. iPanadol).
• Kodwa khumbula oku: Musa ukuthatha i-aspirin okanye ezinye iziyobisi ezichasene nokuvuvukala ezingezizo ii-steroidal (NSAIDs) (umz., i-ibuprofen, i-diclofenac) ngaphandle kwengcebiso kagqirha.Kuba, kwezinye izifo ezifana ne-dengue, ezineempawu ezifanayo nezeZika, eli yeza linokunyusa umngcipheko wokopha.

Usulelo lweZika ludla ngokuziphelela kwiintsuku ezimbalwa ukuya kwiveki. Nangona kunjalo, njengoko bekutshiwo ngaphambili, ukuba lufumaneka ngexesha lokukhulelwa, iziphene zokuzalwa (iimeko zokuzalwa) umntwana anokuba nazo zihlala zihleli kwaye azinakuphiliswa.

Ngoko ke singazikhusela njani kwintsholongwane iZika? Ukuthintela yeyona nto ibalulekileyo!

Ekubeni kungekho nyango luthile lwentsholongwane kaZika, eyona nto ingcono onokuyenza kukuhlala ukhuselekile . Kukho izinto ezimbalwa esinokuzenza ukuze senze oko:

1. Zikhusele kwiingcongconi: Le yinto yokuqala neyona ibalulekileyo .

• Ukuba usiya kwindawo enobungozi bokusuleleka yiZika, nxiba impahla ende negqunywe kakuhle.
• Faka isibulali-zinambuzane esibhalisiweyo se-EPA eluswini oluvezwe elubala.
• Hlala ngaphakathi endlwini kangangoko unako, ubeke izikrini kwiifestile, okanye kumagumbi ane-air conditioner.
• Sebenzisa inethi zokuthintela iingcongconi xa ulele.
• Okubaluleke kakhulu: Emva kokuba uye kwindawo eneZika-risk, kuphephe ukulunywa ziingcongconi ubuncinane iiveki ezi-3 . Oku kungenxa yokuba usenokuba nale ntsholongwane emzimbeni wakho nokuba awunazo iimpawu, kwaye ukuba ingcongconi ikuluma kwaye ilume omnye umntu, ungasasaza isifo.

2. Zikhusele ngexesha lokwabelana ngesondo:

• Ukuba wena okanye iqabane lakho niye kwindawo enobungozi bokufumana iZika, sebenzisa ikhondom ngokuchanekileyo ngalo lonke ixesha nisenza ucansi ubuncinane iinyanga ezi-3 , okanye ningazibandakanyi ngokupheleleyo nokwabelana ngesondo ngelo xesha. Oku kubalulekile nokuba uneempawu okanye awunazo.
• Musa ukwabelana ngamathoyizi okwabelana ngesondo nabanye abantu, kuba anokusasazeka neZika.

3. Ukuba ukhulelwe, kuphephe ukuya kwiindawo apho iZika ixhaphake khona:

• Oku ngokuqinisekileyo yinto ekufuneka yenziwe. Ziphephe ezo hambo kangangoko kunokwenzeka.
• Ukuba kufuneka uye, yazisa ugqirha wakho kwaye ucele icebiso kuye. Hlala ulumkele iimpawu.
• Ukuba sele ukhulelwe kwaye kukho ubhubhane weZika kwindawo okuyo, yenza konke okusemandleni akho ukunqanda iingcongconi kwaye ukhuseleke ngexesha lokwabelana ngesondo.

4. Ukuba unethemba lokuba nomntwana:

• Ukuba wena okanye iqabane lakho niye naya kwindawo enobungozi beZika kwaye kuqinisekiswe ukuba nineZika, kububulumko ukulibazisa ukuba nomntwana okwethutyana.
• Icebiso langoku kukuba ulinde ubuncinane iinyanga ezi-2 kubafazi kunye neenyanga ezi-3 kumadoda , nokuba kusemva kokuhamba uye kuloo ndawo okanye emva kokuba iimpawu ziqalile, ngaphambi kokuba uzame ukuba nomntwana kwakhona. Thetha nogqirha wakho ngale nto uze wenze isigqibo.

Ndingenza ntoni ukuba ndinesifo sikaZika? Ndingakuphepha njani ukosulela abanye?

Uninzi lwabantu abaneZika baneempawu ezingephi kwaye bayaphola kwiintsuku ezimbalwa. Nangona kunjalo, ukunceda ukuthintela ukusasazwa kwentsholongwane kwabanye, ingakumbi abafazi abakhulelweyo, nazi ezinye izinto onokuzenza:

• Sebenzisa iikhondom xa usabelana ngesondo okanye ungabandakanyeki kwisondo ubuncinane iinyanga ezi-2-3 emva kokuba iimpawu ziqalile, njengoko intsholongwane inokuhlala isebenza kwi-semen nakwi-vaginal fluids ixesha elide kunasegazini.
• Kuphephe ukudibana neengcongconi ubuncinane iiveki ezi-3 emva kokuba iimpawu ziqalile. Sebenzisa isixovuli seengcongconi uze usifihle.

Ngaba iZika ingabangela ezinye iingxaki?

Kunqabile kakhulu, malunga nabantu ababini kwi-10,000 abafumana iZika banokufumana isifo sokuzikhusela komzimba esibizwa ngokuba yi-``Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS).`` Kulapho amajoni ethu omzimba ehlasela khona imithambo-luvo yethu. Oku kunokukhokelela kwiimeko ezifana nokulahlekelwa zingqondo kunye nokukhubazeka. Kodwa uninzi lwabantu luyaphila kwiiveki ezimbalwa ukuya kwiinyanga.

Ndifanele ndimbone nini ugqirha?

• Ukuba ukhe waya kwindawo enobungozi bokungenwa yiZika kwaye uneempawu zeZika.
• Ukuba ukhulelwe kwaye unenkxalabo okanye uloyiko malunga neZika, okanye ukhe wachaphazeleka kwindawo enobungozi.
• Ukuba ubonakalisa iimpawu ngexesha lokuqhambuka kweZika kwindawo okuyo.

Kwimeko enjalo, ngokuqinisekileyo funa ingcebiso kagqirha.

Yeyiphi imibuzo omele uyibuze ugqirha?

Xa usiya kugqirha, unokubuza imibuzo efana nale:

• "Zeziphi iimvavanyo endinokuzithatha ukuze ndifumanise ukuba ndineZika?"
• "Ndikhulelwe/ndilindele ukuba nomntwana. Ndingazikhusela njani kwiZika?"
• "Ndingayithintela njani iZika ukuba ingasasazeki kwabanye?"
• "Ndifanele ndizithibe ixesha elingakanani ngesondo, okanye ndisebenzise ikhondom?"
• "Yintoni endifanele ndiyilumkele ngakumbi xa ndisiya kwindawo enobungozi bokusuleleka yiZika?"
• "Leliphi ixesha elikhuselekileyo lokuba mna/thina sizame ukuba nomntwana?"

Izinto ezibaluleke kakhulu ekufuneka sizikhumbule

Kulungile, ngoko ke ngokwezinto esizithethileyo, ndiyathemba ukuba unoluvo oluhle malunga neZika. Ngamafutshane:

• Intsholongwane yeZika ayisoloko iyinkinga enkulu kubantu abadala nakubantwana. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ukhulelwe, inokuba yingozi kakhulu. Kuba inokuba nefuthe elikhulu ekuphuhlisweni kwengqondo yomntwana esibelekweni kwaye inokubangela ezinye iziphene zokuzalwa.
• Ngethamsanqa, ayinguye wonke umfazi okhulelweyo oneZika oza kuba neengxaki ngomntwana wakhe. Kodwa umngcipheko ukhona. Ngoko ke kubalulekile ukwenza konke okusemandleni akho ukuzikhusela kwiZika. Ingakumbi ngokuzikhusela kwiingcongconi nangokuziqhelanisa nesondo esikhuselekileyo.
• Ukuba ukhulelwe okanye uceba ukuba nomntwana, thetha ngokukhululekileyo nogqirha wakho malunga neZika. Baza kukunika iingcebiso ezifanelekileyo kunye nenkxaso oyifunayo.

Siyathemba ukuba olu lwazi luluncedo kuwe. Hlala usempilweni!

IZika , iingcongconi, ukukhulelwa, umntwana, ingqondo, iziphene zokuzalwa