Cishe uke wezwa ngalesi sifo esibizwa ngokuthi i-mononucleosis, noma mhlawumbe uke wabona umngane noma ilungu lomndeni lihlushwa yiso. Sivamile kakhulu, ikakhulukazi phakathi kwentsha. Ngakho ake sifunde kabanzi ngaso namuhla. Siyini lesi sifo, sikhula kanjani, yiziphi izimpawu,
futhi singasinakekela kanjani?
Kuyini i-mononucleosis? Kalula nje...
I-Mononucleosis, eyaziwa nangokuthi "i-mono" noma "i-
mononucleosis ethelelanayo",
iyigciwane elithelelanayo kakhulu . Livame kakhulu
entsheni nakubantu abadala abasebasha , kodwa lingathinta nezingane ezincane. Libangelwa kakhulu yigciwane elibizwa ngokuthi i-Epstein-
Barr virus (EBV). Amanye amagciwane kanye nokutheleleka nakho kungasibangela. Ngezinye izikhathi libizwa ngokuthi
" isifo sokuqabulana " ngoba lisakazeka kalula ngoketshezi lomzimba, njengamathe. Isibonelo, uma wabelana ngebhodlela lokuphuza noma ukudla nomngane, ungalithola. Kodwa ungakhathazeki, abantu abaningi abaguli yi-mononucleosis. Abantu abaningi baba ngcono ngaphandle kokwelashwa. Kodwa-ke, kwabanye abantu, izimpawu ezifana
nokukhathala okukhulu kanye nobuhlungu bomzimba zingenza kube nzima ukwenza umsebenzi wesikole, umsebenzi, kanye nemisebenzi
yansuku zonke . Lezi zinkinga zivame ukuhlala cishe inyanga.
Kuvamile kangakanani lokhu?
Igciwane le-Epstein-Barr (EBV) livame kakhulu kunalokho ongakucabanga. E-United States, kuthiwa cishe abantu abangu-95% abaneminyaka engu-35 ubudala
sebethelelekile ngaleli gciwane. Kodwa into exakile ukuthi,
akubona bonke abathelelekile ngaleli gciwane aba nezimpawu ze-mononucleosis . Abanye abantu bamane baphathe leli gciwane emizimbeni yabo, ngaphandle kokugula.
Ziyini izimpawu zalokhu?
Izimpawu ze-mononucleosis zingahluka kumuntu nomuntu. Abanye abantu bangase babe nezimpawu ezincane, kanti abanye bangase babe nezimpawu ezinzima kakhulu. Lezi zimpawu zivame ukuvela kancane kancane. Izimpawu zivame ukuvela emavikini amane kuya kwayisithupha ngemva kokuba utholakale unegciwane le-EBV. Lezi zimpawu zingase zihlale amasonto amane noma ngaphezulu:
- Ukukhathala : Ukuzizwa sengathi awunawo amandla.
- Umkhuhlane : Umuzwa wokushisa ngokweqile nokuba nomkhuhlane.
- Umphimbo obuhlungu : Umphimbo wami ubuhlungu futhi ngizizwa sengathi nginenkinga yokugwinya.
- Ama-lymph node avuvukele : Ama-lymph node entanyeni yakho, emakhwapheni, nasesinqeni ayavuvukala.
- Ikhanda elibuhlungu : Ikhanda elibuhlungu.
- I-Anorexia : Ukungazizwa sengathi ufuna ukudla.
- Ubuhlungu noma ubuthakathaka bomzimba : Imisipha iyabuhlungu, umzimba uzizwa ungaphili.
- Ukuqubuka kwesikhumba : Abanye abantu bangase babe nokuqubuka kwesikhumba okuncane.
- Ukuvuvukala kwesibindi noma uqweqwe : Lokhu kuyinto okufanele uyiqaphele.
Yini ebangela lokhu?
Igciwane le-Epstein-Barr (EBV) esixoxe ngalo ekuqaleni libangela u-90% wamacala e-mononucleosis. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amanye amagciwane amaningi kanye nokutheleleka nakho kungadala lezi zimpawu. Lokhu kufaka phakathi:
- I-Adenovirus
- I-Cytomegalovirus (CMV)
- I-Hepatitis A, i-Hepatitis B kanye ne-Hepatitis C
- Igciwane le-Herpes simplex (HSV)
- Igciwane le-HIV (i-HIV)
- I-Rubella (`Rubella`)
- I-Toxoplasmosis
Ingabe i-mononucleosis iyathelelana? Idluliselwa kanjani?
Yebo, amagciwane abangela lokhu
ayathelelana kakhulu . Ungakuthola ngokuxhumana noketshezi lomzimba, ikakhulukazi amathe, lomuntu onegciwane. Nansi indlela asakazeka ngayo:
- Ukumpontshelwa igazi (lokhu akusavamile kakhulu manje ngenxa yokuhlolwa)
- Ukukhwehlela noma ukuthimula
- Ukuqabulana (okwaziwa nangokuthi "isifo sokuqabulana")
- Ukwabelana ngokudla, iziphuzo, noma izinto zokudlela
- Ukufakelwa kwezitho zomzimba
- Ubuhlobo bobulili
Cabanga nje, uma uphuza ebhodleleni lamanzi elifanayo nelaphuzwa umngane wakho ephathini, noma uma nishintshana ngokudla ekhonini elifanayo le-ayisikhilimu, leli gciwane lingadluliselwa ngezikhathi ezinjalo. Ngakho-ke kuhle ukuqaphela kancane.
Ingabe i-'mono' iyisifo esithathelwana ngocansi?
Igciwane le-Epstein-Barr (EBV) liyilungu lomndeni wegciwane le-herpes. Kodwa lihlukile kwigciwane le-herpes simplex (HSV), elibangela i-herpes yobulili noma i-herpes yomlomo. Nakuba womabili amagciwane angadluliselwa ngocansi, i-EBV ivame ukusabalala ngezinto ezifana nokwabelana ngezingilazi zokuphuza noma ukuqabulana.
Ingabe umuntu angathola i-mononucleosis kabili?
Ngisho nangemva kokuba izimpawu zakho ze-mononucleosis zinyamalale, igciwane le-Epstein-Barr (EBV) lihlala emzimbeni wakho
lingasebenzi.Kuyaqhubeka. Kodwa-ke,
abantu abaningi bathola i-mono kanye kuphela empilweni yabo . Uma igciwane le-EBV liphinde livuke ngokuzumayo, izimpawu azivamile. Kodwa-ke, ungasakaza igciwane eliphinde lavuselelwa kwabanye ngaphandle kokwazi. Futhi, abantu abanezivikeli
mzimba ezibuthakathaka bangase bathole izimpawu ze-mono kabili noma kathathu.
Ubani onamathuba amaningi okuthuthukisa lokhu?
Kunezigaba ezimbili eziyinhloko zokutheleleka ngegciwane le-EBV: esinye
sisezinganeni ezincane ngesikhathi seminyaka yazo yokuqala yesikole , kanti esinye
sisesikhathini sobusha kanye nesikhathi sobusha . Ngokumangazayo, izingane ezincane zivame ukungabonisi izimpawu lapho zikuthola. Kodwa-ke,
intsha eneminyaka ephakathi kwengu-15 no-25 inamathuba amaningi okuthola i-mono . Cishe umuntu oyedwa kwabane kuleli qembu leminyaka abatheleleke nge-EBV uzoba nezimpawu ze-mono. Kodwa-ke, noma ubani angayithola, kungakhathaliseki ubudala.
Yiziphi izinkinga zalesi simo?
Izimpawu ze-mononucleosis zivame ukuba ngcono ngemva kwamasonto amane. Kodwa-ke,
ukukhathala kungahlala izinyanga eziningi . Abanye abantu bangase bangakwazi ukuya esikoleni noma emsebenzini baze balulame.
Ingozi enkulu ngalesi simo ukuqhekeka kwe-spleen . I-spleen iyi-gland etholakala ohlangothini olungaphezulu kwesobunxele lwesisu sakho. Isebenza ukuhlunga igazi. Uma i-spleen yakho iqhekeka, ingavuza igazi esiswini sakho. Lokhu
kuphuma kwegazi kwangaphakathi kungaba yingozi empilweni futhi kudinga ukuhlinzwa okuphuthumayo . Ukuze uvimbele ukuqhekeka kwe-spleen, udokotela wakho uzokutshela
ukuthi ugweme ukuzivocavoca okunzima, ezemidlalo ezithinta umzimba, kanye nokuphakamisa izinto ezisindayo uze uphile kahle.
Odokotela bakuthola kanjani lokhu?
Udokotela wakho uzonquma ukuthi lokhu kuyini ngokusekelwe ezimpawini zakho. Bazohlola ikakhulukazi izindlala ezivuvukele entanyeni, kanye nobende noma isibindi esikhulu.
Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kungabheka
amasosha omzimba wakho awenzayo ngokumelene negciwane le-Epstein-Barr. Bazohlola futhi ukwanda kwenani lama
-lymphocyte, uhlobo lweseli elimhlophe legazi, egazini lakho, ngoba ayanda uma unegciwane.
Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha lokhu?
Eqinisweni,
ayikho ikhambi noma umuthi othize we-mononucleosis . Eminye imithi yokulwa namagciwane (ama-antibiotic - lawa anikezwa amagciwane, hhayi amagciwane) noma imithi yokulwa namagciwane ayisebenzi kuyo. Ngakho-ke, ukwelashwa kwe-mononucleosis kuhloselwe ukunciphisa izimpawu zakho nokunikeza impumuzo. Nazi ezinye izinto ongazenza ekhaya:
- Ukuphumula : Uma unomkhuhlane, umzimba wakho ukhathele kakhulu. Ukulala ngokwanele kunikeza umzimba wakho amandla okulwa nokutheleleka.
- Nikeza amanzi kahle : Phuza amanzi noketshezi olwanele usuku lonke ukuze uvimbele ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni.
- Imithi yokuqeda ubuhlungu : Imithi engeyona eye-steroidal yokulwa nokuvuvukala (ama-NSAID) ingasetshenziswa ukunciphisa umkhuhlane, ukuvuvukala, ikhanda elibuhlungu, kanye nobuhlungu bomzimba. Izibonelo zifaka phakathi i-ibuprofen (Advil®) kanye ne-naproxen (Aleve®). I-Acetaminophen (Tylenol®) nayo ingasiza.
- Ukuqeda ubuhlungu bomphimbo : Hlanza ngamanzi anosawoti , munca ama-lozenge ukuze uthobe umphimbo.
- Gwema ezemidlalo : Ukuzivocavoca umzimba kubeka ingcindezi ekwandeni kwe-spleen, okwandisa ingozi yokuthi iqhume. Kufanele nakanjani ugweme ezemidlalo nokuzivocavoca okunzima ngenkathi ugula futhi okungenani amasonto amane ngemva kwalokho.
Ingabe lokhu akunakuvinjelwa ukuthi kwenzeke?
Indlela engcono kakhulu yokuzivikela egciwaneni elibangela i-mono ukuzijwayeza inhlanzeko enhle . Gwema ukwabelana ngokudla, iziphuzo, noma uketshezi lomzimba nomuntu one-mono noma onezimpawu zegciwane, njengomkhuhlane, ukukhwehlela, umphimbo obuhlungu, noma ukukhathala.
Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukululama ku-mononucleosis? (Isibikezelo)
Izimpawu ze-mononucleosis zingaba zimbi kakhulu. Lokhu kungaphazamisa imisebenzi yakho yansuku zonke isikhashana. Ngenhlanhla, lezi zindlela ezilula zokwelapha ekhaya zingasiza ekunciphiseni izimpawu.
Ukukhathala kungahlala izinyanga eziningana. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi,
kufanele unakekele impilo yakho ngokuphumula ngokwanele, uphuze uketshezi oluningi, futhi ugweme imisebenzi enzima ukuze unciphise ingozi yokuqhekeka kwe-spleen.
Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela?
Uma une-mononucleosis futhi uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi izimpawu ezilandelayo,
xhumana nodokotela ngokushesha :
- Uma unenkinga yokugwinya noma yokuphefumula
- Uma uzizwa unesizungu noma uphelelwa amandla
- Uma uzizwa ungenamizwa noma ubuthakathaka obukhulu ezithweni zakho
- Uma unezinhlungu zomzimba ezinzima
- Umkhuhlane ophakeme oqhubekayo
- Ikhanda elibuhlungu elingabekezeleleki
- Ubuhlungu obukhulu esiswini esingaphezulu kwesobunxele (lokhu kungaba yinkinga nge-spleen)
Yimiphi imibuzo ebalulekile okufanele uyibuze udokotela?
Uma une-mononucleosis, kuwumqondo omuhle ukubuza udokotela wakho imibuzo efana nale:
- Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha ezingcono kakhulu zezimpawu zami?
- Ngingakuzalela isikhathi esingakanani lokhu kwabanye?
- Yini engingayenza ukuze ngivimbele ukusabalalisa leli gciwane kwabanye?
- Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukululama ngokuphelele ku-mono?
- Ngingabuyela nini esikoleni/emsebenzini?
- Ngingaqala nini ukuzivocavoca umzimba kanye nomsebenzi womzimba futhi?
- Ngingayithola yini into futhi?
- Ingabe kufanele ngiqaphele izinkinga?
Kwenzekani uma uthola i-mononucleosis ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa?
Abantu abathola i-mononucleosis ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa ngenxa ye-EBV bavame ukuba nokukhulelwa okunempilo. Kodwa-ke,
uma uba nomkhuhlane, tshela udokotela wakho ngokushesha , njengoba umkhuhlane ungandisa ingozi yokuphuphuma kwesisu noma ukubeletha ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Kunethuba elincane lokuthi ungadlulisela igciwane le-Epstein-Barr enganeni yakho engakazalwa noma enceliswa ibele. Kodwa-ke, izingane eziningi azibonisi zimpawu ze-mono. Kodwa-ke, uma uthola i-mono ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa ngenxa yokutheleleka kwe-CMV, kufanele ukhulume nodokotela wakho wezifo zokubelethisa ngakho, njengoba kungathinta ingane.
Okokugcina, izinto okufanele uzikhumbule
Esikhathini esiningi, i-mononucleosis (i-mononucleosis ethelelanayo - i-mono) akuyona isifo esingathi sína. Kodwa-ke, izimpawu ezifana
nokukhathala okukhulu, umphimbo obuhlungu, kanye nobuhlungu bomzimba zingaphazamisa umsebenzi wesikole, umsebenzi, kanye nokuphila kwansuku zonke. Udokotela wakho angakunikeza iseluleko ngezindlela zokuthola impumuzo.
Imithi yokuphumula kanye nemithi ethengwa ngaphandle kwemithi kadokotela ngokuvamile kuyindlela engcono kakhulu yokulawula izimpawu .
Kubalulekile futhi ukugwema umsebenzi onzima womzimba ukuze unciphise ingozi yokwanda kwe-spleen . Qaphela!
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