Uvame ukuzizwa kanje? "O, angizizwa sengathi ngiqala lo msebenzi," "Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ngizama kangakanani, angikwazi ukuhlela," "Kungani ngingenakugxila entweni eyodwa?" Mhlawumbe abangani bakho namalungu omndeni wakho bakutshela ukuthi "funda ukuphatha isikhathi sakho." Kodwa kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uzama kanzima kangakanani, izinto azihambi kahle. Uma uphila ubusha bakho nalezi zinkinga, kungase kungabi ngoba uvilapha noma ubuthakathaka. Isizathu kungaba ukuthi unesifo esibizwa ngokuthi i-Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) ongazi nokuthi unaso.
Nakuba sivame ukukhuluma ngalesi simo esibizwa ngokuthi i-ADHD maqondana nezingane ezincane, kunezimo lapho singatholakala khona zisencane, okungukuthi, ngemva kweminyaka engu-18. Kunabantu abaningi abanezimpawu kusukela ebuntwaneni, kodwa abangaziqapheli njenge-ADHD baze babe bancane. Ngakho-ke ake sixoxe ngalokhu ngokunembile nangokulula namuhla.
Uthola kanjani i-ADHD njengomuntu osemusha?
Uma izingane ezincane zine-ADHD, ziyazulazula kakhulu futhi azikwazi ukuhlala endaweni eyodwa. Kodwa uma umuntu osemusha ene-ADHD, lokhu kuxhamazela kungase kungabonakali ngendlela efanayo. Kunalokho, kukhona uhlobo oluhlukile lokungaphumuli. Umuzwa wokujaha, kanye nobunzima bokuhlala uthule futhi wenze umsebenzi, yikona okuvamile.
Zicabange ungumfundi ekhempasini. Awukwazi ukuqala nokuqeda umsebenzi ngesikhathi njengabanye abangani bakho. Uhlala uwuhlehlisa kuze kube umzuzu wokugcina. Bese uhlala uphapheme ubusuku bonke uzama ukuwuqeda. Noma zicabange ukuthi usanda kuqala umsebenzi omusha. Ukhohlwa ukufika emhlanganweni ngesikhathi, bese uthethiswa ngumphathi wakho ngokungahleleki. Lezi akuzona nje izinto ezingahleliwe. Lezi kungaba izimpawu ze -ADHD .
Hlola ithebula elingezansi ukuze ubone ukuthi lezi zici ziyasebenza yini kuwe.
| Izimpawu ezivamile ze-ADHD | Kalula nje... |
|---|---|
| Ubunzima bokugxila | Uma usebenza, awukwazi ukugcina ingqondo yakho isendaweni eyodwa, futhi ngisho nento encane kakhulu ingakuphazamisa. |
| Ukulawula umfutho | Senza izinto futhi sikhulume izinto ngokuphamazela ngaphandle kokucabanga. Siyazisola kamuva. |
| Ukuntuleka kokuhleleka | Akukhona nje kuphela etafuleni nasegumbini, kodwa konke okungaphakathi ekhanda lami kuzwakala sengathi kuyisiphithiphithi. |
| Ukungakwazi ukuphatha isikhathi | Bayahlehlisa izinto, abakwazi ukuqeda izinto ngesikhathi, futhi bafika sekwephuzile kukho konke. |
| Ukungahlaliseki | Kunzima ukuhlala endaweni eyodwa. Ngihlala ngizulazula futhi ngenza umsindo ngepeni lami. |
| Ukukhungatheka/Ukushintshashintsha kwemizwa | Ngiyalimala futhi ngithukuthele ngisho nezinto ezincane kakhulu. Kunzima ukulawula imizwa yami. |
| Ubunzima bokuqeda umsebenzi uma usuqalile | Izinto eziningi ziqalwa ngesikhathi esisodwa, kodwa azikho eziqedwa kahle. |
Lezi zici zingaba nomthelela omkhulu emfundweni yakho, emsebenzini, ebunganini kanye nasebudlelwaneni bakho.
Ungazi kanjani ukuthi une-ADHD?
Uma ucabanga ukuthi unalezi zimpawu, into engcono kakhulu ongayenza ukubonana nodokotela, ikakhulukazi udokotela wezifo zengqondo. Ungacabangi nje ukuthi, "Yimi kuphela lo." Udokotela uzokuxilonga bese ekunikeza ukuxilongwa okuqondile.
Ngokuvamile, kwenziwa izivivinyo eziningana zalokhu.
- Ukuhlolwa komzimba: Hlola ukuthi lezi zimpawu zibangelwa yini esinye isimo sezokwelapha.
- Ukukhuluma ngomlando wakho wezokwelapha: Bazokhuluma ngezinto ezifana nezindlela zakho zokuziphatha kusukela ebuntwaneni nokuthi ngabe kukhona yini emndenini wakho oke waba nezimo ezifanayo.
- Ukuhlolwa kwengqondo kanye nezikali zokulinganisa i-ADHD: Kusetshenziswa imibuzo ekhethekile kanye nokuhlolwa ukuqonda ukujula kwezimpawu zakho.
Kunezinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko ze-ADHD. Udokotela wakho uzonquma ukuthi uwela kuluphi uhlobo ngokusekelwe ezimpawini zakho.
| Uhlobo lwe-ADHD | Kwenzekani lapha? |
|---|---|
| Uhlobo Lokusebenza Okungalawuleki Kakhulu | Lolu uhlobo olungajwayelekile kakhulu. Lubonakala kakhulu ngokungakwazi ukuthula nokuthambekela kokwenza ngaphandle kokucabanga. |
| Uhlobo Lokunganaki | Akukho ukuzulazula okuncane lapha, kodwa kunzima kakhulu ukuhlala ugxile, ukukhumbula izinto, nokuhlela umsebenzi. Laba bantu babizwa ngokuthi "ukuphila ezweni lemicabango." |
| Uhlobo Oluhlanganisiwe | Lolu uhlobo oluvame kakhulu. Lunezici zazo zombili izinhlobo okukhulunywe ngazo ngenhla. |
Ngezinye izikhathi, abantu ababhekwa “njengoba besebenza kahle,” okusho ukuthi baphile impilo evamile ngaphandle kwezinkinga ezinkulu, batholakala bene-ADHD sekwephuzile. Ngoba bengazi ukuthi bathole izindlela zokuphila nalezi zimpawu. Kodwa ekujuleni kwenhliziyo yabo, kungenzeka ukuthi bayazabalaza.
Izinkinga ezingaba khona uma zingalashwa
I-ADHD akuyona nje inkinga yokunaka. Uma ingelashwa, ingaholela ezinseleleni eziningi empilweni yabantu abasha. Ukuqala ekhempasini, ukuthola umsebenzi wakho wokuqala, ukuqasha indlu yakho yokuqala, nakho konke empilweni "yabantu abadala" kudinga izinto ezisebuchosheni bethu ezibizwa ngokuthi amakhono okusebenza aphezulu . Lokho kusho izinto ezifana nokuhlela, ukuzithiba, ukuphatha isikhathi, kanye nenkumbulo. Yila makhono lapho abantu abane-ADHD beba nezinselele eziningi khona.
Uma ingelashwa,
- Kuvela izinkinga zemali.
- Zifake enkingeni nomthetho
- Shintsha imisebenzi njalo, ulahleke
- Yiba umlutha wezidakamizwa noma utshwala
- Izingozi zezimoto ezivame ukwenzeka
- Izinkinga ziyavela ebudlelwaneni.
- Kukhona ithuba lokuthuthukisa umbono ongemuhle ngawe kanye nezinye izinkinga zengqondo.
Njengoba omunye uchwepheshe esho, "Uma uphila kanje impilo yakho yonke, uqala ukucabanga ukuthi, 'Yimi lo, nginje.' Empeleni, akusikho wena. Yisimo sakho. Ukwelashwa kumayelana nokuzihlukanisa naso."
Uma uthola usizo olufanele, uzoqaphela ukuthi, "Ngingenza okungakanani okwengeziwe?" Futhi ukuzethemba kwakho kuzokhula ngokuzenzakalelayo.
Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha i-ADHD?
Uma kutholakale ukuthi une-ADHD, udokotela wakho uzokuchazela izinketho zokwelapha. Kungumqondo omuhle ukufunda ngalesi simo ngaphambi kokuqala ukwelashwa. Lokhu kuzokusiza uqonde ukuthi siyini, ukuthi senzani kumakhemikhali obuchopho, nokuthi imithi yenzani.
Kunezindlela ezimbili eziyinhloko zokwelapha:
1. Imithi: Imithi inikezwa ukusiza ukulinganisela amakhemikhali athile (ama-neurotransmitter) ebuchosheni. Lokhu kungaba izikhuthazi (isib., i-Methylphenidate (i-Concerta, i-Ritalin)) noma ama-non-stimulants. Kungathatha isikhathi ukuthola imithi efanele kanye nomthamo ofanele wena. Kuzodingeka usebenzisane nodokotela wakho ukuze uthole ofanele wena.
2. Ukwelulekwa Nokwelashwa Kokuziphatha: Uma izimpawu sezilawulwa ngemithi, ukwelulekwa kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthuthukisa amakhono okwenza impilo ibe lula.
- Ukwelashwa Kokuziphatha Kokuqonda (i-CBT): Lokhu kuyindlela yokwelapha ewusizo kakhulu kubantu abane-ADHD. Kukufundisa ukushintsha indlela ocabanga ngayo nokulawula ukuziphatha kwakho.
- Ukwelashwa Komndeni: Lokhu kukusiza wena nomndeni wakho ukuqonda i-ADHD futhi nisekelane ekuphileleni nayo.
Izinto ezilula ezingenza impilo ibe lula nge-ADHD
Ngaphezu kwemithi kanye nokwelulekwa, kunemikhuba elula ongayifaka empilweni yakho yansuku zonke engasiza kakhulu ekulawuleni izimpawu zakho.
- Bhala konke phansi: Yiba "ngumenzi wohlu." Bhala phansi konke okudingeka ukwenze, izinto okudingeka uzithenge, encwadini yamanothi noma kuhlelo lokusebenza lwamanothi efonini yakho.
- Sebenzisa izikhumbuzo ezibonakalayo: Bhala phansi izinto ezibalulekile emanothini anamathelayo bese uzinamathisela ezindaweni ovame ukuzibona, njengasesibukweni sakho noma esiqandisini. Uma uvame ukukhohlwa ukuthi ubeka kuphi izinto, beka eceleni indawo ethile yazo zonke izinto.
- Gcina indawo yakho yokusebenza icocekile: Ukusebenza endaweni ephithizelayo kungakwenza uphazamiseke kakhulu. Gcina ideski lakho negumbi lakho kucocekile ngangokunokwenzeka.
- Ukulungela: Uma uya ohambweni, lungiselela izinto ozidingayo kusenesikhathi. Gcina izinto ongase uzikhohlwe (isib. ishaja, okhiye) eduze komnyango.
- Thola Ukuziphendulela: Thola umngane omethembayo, umlingani, noma ilungu lomndeni ukuthi likukhumbuze ngomsebenzi wakho futhi likugcine usendleleni efanele. Ungesabi ukuthi, "Ngidinga ukuqeda lokhu namuhla, ngikhumbuze."
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-ADHD akuyona ubuthakathaka ebuntwini bakho noma uphawu lobuvila. Yisimo sangempela sezokwelapha esingelashwa.
- Ngisho noma ingazange itholakale ebuntwaneni, i-ADHD ingatholakala ebuntwaneni noma ebudaleni.
- Uma uqhubeka nokuzwa izimpawu ezifana nobunzima bokugxilisa ingqondo, ukuhlehlisa izinto, kanye nokungahlaliseki, ungangabazi ukubona udokotela.
- Izimpawu ze-ADHD zingaphathwa ngempumelelo ngemithi kanye nokwelashwa kokuziphatha.
- Ngisho nezinguquko ezincane zendlela yokuphila zingenza impilo ene-ADHD ibe lula futhi iphumelele kakhudlwana. Awuwedwa, thola usizo.
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