Ngezinye izikhathi, uma uzwa ubuhlungu obukhulu obungenakulawuleka ngezinhlungu ezivamile, udokotela wakho angase akunike umuthi okhethekile wokuqeda ubuhlungu. Lo muthi owuketshezi, oyinhlanganisela yemithi emibili ebizwa ngokuthi i-Acetaminophen ne-Codeine, ungomunye wayo. Ngokuvamile unikezwa uma ungakwazi ukubekezelela eminye imithi yokuqeda ubuhlungu noma uma ingabuqedi ubuhlungu. Ngakho-ke namuhla, ake sixoxe ngalo muthi ngemininingwane ethe xaxa futhi ngezinto okudingeka uziqaphele uma uwusebenzisa.
Luhlobo luni lomuthi lolu?
Kalula nje, lokhu kuyinhlanganisela yezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zemithi.
1. I-Acetaminophen: Umuthi wokuqeda izinhlungu ovamile abaningi bethu abawaziyo emithini efana ne-'Panadol', wehlisa umkhuhlane nobuhlungu.
2. I-Codeine: Lona umuthi onamandla wokuqeda izinhlungu ongowesigaba se-opioid. Usebenza ngqo ebuchosheni, uvimbele ukudluliselwa kwezimpawu zobuhlungu.
Uma lokhu kokubili kuhlanganiswa, kunikeza ukulawula okuhle ebuhlungwini obuphakathi kuya kobunzima. Njengoba lo muthi ufika njengesixazululo, kulula kakhulu ukuwusebenzisa kulabo abanenkinga yokugwinya amaphilisi.
Izinto okudingeka uzitshele udokotela wakho ngaphambi kokuthatha lo muthi
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi udokotela wakho abe nesithombe esiphelele sempilo yakho. Ngakho-ke, ngaphambi kokuqala lo muthi, qiniseka ukuthi utshela udokotela wakho uma unezinye zezimo ezilandelayo:
- Uma uke waba nokusabela kokungezwani komzimba ne-acetaminophen, i-codeine noma eminye imithi ye-opioid, eminye imithi, ukudla, amadayi noma izithasiselo.
- Uma ungumuntu ophuza njalo.
- Uma unesifo sesibindi noma sezinso .
- Uma unesifo samaphaphu, i-asthma, noma ezinye izinkinga zokuphefumula .
- Uma unesimo esifana nokulimala ekhanda, isimila sobuchopho, noma ukuxhuzula.
- Uma unomlando wokulutheka kwezidakamizwa .
- Umsebenzi ophansi we-adrenal gland.
- Uma unezinkinga zesisu noma zamathumbu.
- Uma ukhulelwe noma uzama ukukhulelwa.
- Uma ungumama oncelisayo.
- Uma uke wathatha umuthi wokucindezeleka we-MAOI (Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitor) njengeMarplan, Nardil, noma iParnate ezinsukwini eziyi-14 ezedlule.
Ngokusekelwe kulolu lwazi, udokotela wakho uzonquma ukuthi lo muthi ukulungele yini noma ukuthi umthamo udinga ukushintshwa.
Ngingawusebenzisa kanjani umuthi?
Kudingeka uqaphele kakhulu uma usebenzisa lo muthi.
- Kala ngokunembile:Njengoba lokhu kuyisithako, udinga ukukala umthamo oqondile obekwe udokotela wakho. Sebenzisa isipuni noma inkomishi ekhethekile eza nomuthi walokhu. Ungasebenzisi izipuni noma izipuni onazo ekhaya , njengoba izilinganiso zazo zinganembile.
- Yithathe kanye nokudla: Abanye abantu bangase bahlupheke esiswini lapho bethatha lo muthi. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, thatha umuthi ngesikhathi sokudla noma ngemva kokudla.
- Thatha kuphela ngesikhathi esinqunyiwe: Ungathathi okungaphezu kwalokho okunqunywe udokotela, futhi ungaphuzi umuthi ngaphambi kwesikhathi esinqunyiwe.
Qaphela kakhulu lapho upha izingane.
Lomuthi awufanele ukusetshenziswa ezinganeni ezingaphansi kweminyaka eyi-12 ubudala. Futhi, unganiki lo muthi ingane engaphansi kweminyaka eyi-18 ubudala eye yahlinzwa ukuze kususwe ama-tonsils noma ama-adenoids. Izingane zisengozini enkulu yokuthola imiphumela emibi evela kulo muthi.
Yini okufanele uyenze uma uthatha umuthi omningi kakhulu? (Ukudlula umthamo)
Uma usola ukuthi uphuze kakhulu lo muthi, ungawuthathi kalula. Shayela ngokushesha i-National Poisons Information Centre e-Colombo National Hospital, noma uye eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) wesibhedlela esiseduze. Lo muthi ungowakho kuphela. Ungalokothi unike omunye umuthi wakho.
Eminye imithi engase ihlangane nalo muthi (Ukusebenzisana Kwezidakamizwa)
Lo muthi ungasebenzisana neminye imithi futhi ubangele imiphumela emibi eyingozi. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukutshela udokotela wakho ngayo yonke imithi oyithathayo (kufaka phakathi amavithamini kanye nemithi yamakhambi).
Ikakhulukazi, ungalokothi uthathe lo muthi kanye nemithi elandelayo:
- I-Linezolid
- I-MAOIs (isb. Marplan, Nardil, Parnate)
- I-Methylene eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka
- U-Ozanimod
- I-Samidorphan
Futhi, sicela wazise udokotela wakho uma uthatha imithi elandelayo, ngoba ingabangela izinkinga:
- Utshwala
- Ama-antihistamine (imithi yomkhuhlane, ukukhwehlela, kanye nokungezwani komzimba)
- Imithi yokucindezeleka, ukukhathazeka, noma ukulala
- Imithi yokulwa nokuxhuzula (isib. i-carbamazepine, i-phenytoin)
- Ama-antifungal (isb. i-ketoconazole)
- Amanye ama-antibiotic (isib. i-erythromycin)
- Iziphumuli zemisipha
- Noma yimuphi omunye umuthi wokuqeda izinhlungu oqukethe i-acetaminophen (i-paracetamol).
Lolu hlu aluphelele, ngakho tshela udokotela wakho ngayo yonke imithi oyithathayo.
Izinto ezibaluleke kakhulu okufanele uzicabangele lapho uthatha imithi
Kuthiwani uma ubuhlungu bungapheli?
Uma uthatha lo muthi isikhathi eside, umzimba wakho ungawujwayela. Lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi 'ukubekezelelana'. Lokhu kusho ukuthi umthamo owawuwusebenzisa ukuze unciphise ubuhlungu ungase ungasanele. Lokhu kuvamile. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, uma ubuhlungu bakho bungehli noma bungenyuki, ungawunyusi umthamo wena ngokwakho bese ukhuluma nodokotela wakho.
Umlutha kanye nokujwayela umzimba
Abantu abaningi bayesaba ukuba umlutha wemithi enamandla kangaka yokwelapha izinhlungu. Kodwa-ke, kunezinto ezimbili ezibizwa ngokuthi ukuthembela ngokomzimba kanye nokulutha. Uma uthatha imithi ngesizathu sezokwelapha njengobuhlungu, umzimba wakho uyajwayela ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Akuyona into yokulutha. Ungalokothi uyeke ukuthatha imithi ngokuzumayo ngaphandle kweseluleko sikadokotela wakho. Ukwenza kanjalo kungabangela izimpawu zokuhoxa. Uma udinga ukuyeka ukuthatha imithi, udokotela wakho uzonciphisa kancane kancane umthamo futhi akutshele ukuthi uyeke kanjani.
Qaphela eminye imithi ye-Acetaminophen.
Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu. Lo muthi usuvele uqukethe i-Acetaminophen. Ngakho-ke ngenkathi uthatha lokhu, ungathathi omunye umuthi oqukethe i-Acetaminophen (i-paracetamol). Imithi eminingi yomkhuhlane kanye neyokuhlunguphaza ethengiswa ngaphandle kwemithi kadokotela ingase ibe nalokhu. Funda ilebula ngokucophelela. Ukuthatha i-Acetaminophen kakhulu kungabangela ukulimala okukhulu kwesibindi.
Ukozela kanye nesiyezi
Lomuthi ungakwenza uzizwe ulele noma unesizungu. Ngakho-ke, ungashayeli noma usebenzise imishini uze wazi ukuthi kukuthinta kanjani. Ikakhulukazi uma usukhulile, ungavuki ngokuzumayo uhleli.
Ukuqunjelwa kanye nomlomo owomile
Umphumela ovamile walo muthi ukuqunjelwa. Uma ungenawo umgudu wokugaya ukudla ngemva kwezinsuku ezingaba ngu-3, tshela udokotela wakho. Futhi, uma umlomo wakho uzizwa womile, phuza amanzi amaningi bese uhlafuna itshungama engenashukela.
Imiphumela emibi engase ivele ngenxa yemithi
| Isigaba semiphumela emibi | Izici |
|---|---|
| Imiphumela emibi okufanele ibikwe kudokotela wakho ngokushesha | |
| Ukusabela kokungezwani komzimba | Ukuqubuka kwesikhumba, ukulunywa, ukuvuvukala kobuso, izindebe, ulimi noma umphimbo. |
| Ukucindezeleka kwesistimu yezinzwa ephakathi (ukucindezeleka kwe-CNS) | Ukuphefumula kancane noma kancane, ubunzima bokuphefumula, ukozela okukhulu, ukungazi lutho, ukudideka. |
| Ukulimala kwesibindi | Ubuhlungu ohlangothini olungaphezulu kwesokudla lwesisu, ukulahlekelwa yisifiso sokudla, isicanucanu, indle enombala okhanyayo, umchamo ophuzi noma onsundu omnyama, kanye nokuphuzi kwamehlo noma isikhumba. |
| Umfutho wegazi ophansi | Ukuzizwa unesizungu, ukuquleka, ukubona okufiphele. |
| Ukuqhekeka noma ukuxebuka kwesikhumba | Ubomvu, amaqhubu, isikhumba esixebukayo (ngisho nangaphakathi emlonyeni). |
| Lokhu kuvamile, kodwa tshela udokotela wakho uma kuqhubeka noma kuyakhathaza. | |
| Imiphumela emibi evamile | Ukuqunjelwa, isiyezi, ukozela, umlomo owomile, isicanucanu noma ukuhlanza, isisu esibuhlungu, ukungakwazi ukulala. |
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Thatha umthamo njengoba nje udokotela wakho emyalile, ngesikhathi esifanele. Ungalokothi uwushintshe umthamo ngokwakho.
- Lo muthi ungowakho wedwa. Ungawuniki abanye nganoma yisiphi isizathu. Awusemthethweni futhi uyingozi kakhulu.
- Tshela udokotela wakho ngayo yonke eminye imithi, amavithamini, kanye nemithi yendabuko oyithathayo.
- Uma uthatha lo muthi, ungathathi eminye imithi equkethe i-Acetaminophen (i-paracetamol).
- Gwema ukuyeka imithi ngokuzumayo ngaphandle kweseluleko sikadokotela wakho.
- Gwema ukushayela nokwenza imisebenzi edinga ukunakwa, njengoba kungase kube nobuthongo.
- Gcina umuthi endaweni ephephile, kude nezingane nezilwane ezifuywayo.
👩🏽⚕️ Imibuzo eyengeziwe (ama-FAQ)
💬 Kuyini i-Acetaminophen ne-Codeine (i-Acetaminophen; i-Codeine / i-Tylenol 3/4)?
Ingxube enamandla kakhulu 'yemithi emibili exutshwe ndawonye' enikeza impumuzo esheshayo ebuhlungwini obuphakathi kuya kobunzima (isib. ngemva kokukhishwa kwezinyo/ngemuva kokuhlinzwa) engaqedwa yiPanadol ejwayelekile (i-Acetaminophen/i-Paracetamol). I-'Codeine' kulokhu iyisidakamizwa esinamandla (i-Opioid) esivela eqenjini le-Morphine! Ngakho-ke, ayinakuthengwa ekhemisi ngaphandle kokuthola incwadi kadokotela.
💬 Ungabuqeda kanjani ubuhlungu obukhulu ngokuhlanganiswa kwale mithi emibili (i-Acetaminophen + i-Codeine)?
Ihlasela ubuhlungu obuvela ezinhlangothini zombili! 1. I-Acetaminophen - Lokhu kunciphisa ubuhlungu namakhemikhali abangela umkhuhlane (i-COX / i-Prostaglandins) ebuchosheni futhi kumise izinhlungu ezijwayelekile. 2. I-Codeine - Ngemva kokuthatha lokhu, isibindi siyiguqula ibe yi-'Morphine' enamandla. Bese iya ngqo ebuchosheni bese ikhiya wonke amasango alawula ubuhlungu (ama-Mu-opioid receptors) lapho, okunikeza ubuchopho 'induduzo/injabulo' engamanga.
💬 Ingabe lo muthi (i-Codeine) uyalutha? Iyiphi ingozi eyingozi kakhulu (Isexwayiso Sebhokisi Elimnyama)?
Yebo! Lesi isiqeda-zinhlungu esilutha kakhulu! Enye ingozi ebulalayo kakhulu 'ukucindezeleka kokuphefumula'. Uma leli philisi lithathwa namaphilisi otshwala/okulala, noma linikezwa izingane, lingabangela ukulimala kobuchopho, liyeke ukuphefumula ngokuphelele, futhi liholele ekufeni (i-Codeine ayivunyelwe ngokuphelele ezinganeni ezincane). Enye into ukuthi i-Acetaminophen (Paracetamol) iphezulu kakhulu futhi kunethuba elingu-100% lokwehluleka kwesibindi!
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