Ngezinye izikhathi ubuhlungu esibuzwayo bungaba bukhulu kangangokuthi abukwazi ukulawulwa ngomuthi ovamile wokuqeda izinhlungu. Ngezikhathi ezinjalo, udokotela angase akunike umuthi onamandla wokuqeda izinhlungu. Omunye umuthi onjalo wokuqeda izinhlungu yilo muthi, oza ngesimo soketshezi, okuyinhlanganisela yemithi emibili ebizwa ngokuthi i-acetaminophen kanye ne-oxycodone. Ake sixoxe ngalokhu ngamazwi alula namuhla.
Uyini lomuthi? Usetshenziselwani?
Kalula nje, umuthi osiza ukulawula ubuhlungu obuphakathi kuya kobunzima . Odokotela bavame ukuwuncoma uma eminye imithi yokwelapha izinhlungu ingasebenzi noma uma ingasetshenziswa.
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zemithi kulokhu:
1. I-Acetaminophen: Leli elinye igama le-paracetamol esiyaziyo sonke.
2. I-Oxycodone: Lona umuthi ongowesigaba sama-opioid esidambisa izinhlungu esinamandla.
Lezi ezimbili zisebenza ndawonye ukuvimba izimpawu zobuhlungu ebuchosheni, kunciphisa ubuhlungu.
Izinto okufanele uzitshele udokotela wakho ngaphambi kokuthatha imithi
Ngaphambi kokusebenzisa lo muthi, kufanele utshele udokotela wakho uma unezinye zezimo ezilandelayo. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ekuphepheni kwakho.
| Isimo/umkhuba wezokwelapha | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| Izifo zobuchopho kanye nokulimala ekhanda | Izimo ezifana nezimila zobuchopho kanye nokulimala ekhanda. |
| Ukulutheka kwezidakamizwa noma utshwala | Uma uke waba umlutha wezidakamizwa noma utshwala esikhathini esidlule noma samanje. Uma uphuza utshwala njalo. |
| Isifo sesibindi noma sezinso | Uma unesifo sesibindi noma sezinso. |
| Ubunzima bokuphefumula | I-asthma noma ezinye izifo zamaphaphu, ubunzima bokuphefumula. |
| Ezinye izimo zezokwelapha | Isifo senhliziyo, ukusebenza okuphansi kwezindlala ze-adrenal, izinkinga zamathumbu noma zesisu, ukuxhuzula. |
| Ukusetshenziswa kweminye imithi | Uma uke wathatha imithi yokucindezeleka ye-MAOI (isib. iMarplan, iNardil) ezinsukwini ezingu-14 ezedlule. |
| Ukungezwani komzimba | Uma une-allergy ku-acetaminophen, i-oxycodone, noma eminye imithi, ukudla, noma udayi. |
| Ukukhulelwa nokuncelisa | Uma ukhulelwe, uzama ukukhulelwa, noma uncelisa. |
Ngiyisebenzisa kanjani ngempela le mithi?
Njengoba lokhu kuyimithi ewuketshezi, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuyilinganisa ngokunembile.
- Phuza nengilazi yamanzi: Phuza ingilazi egcwele yamanzi ngemva kokuthatha umuthi.
- Isilinganiso esifanele: Linganisa inani eliqondile udokotela wakho akutshela ukuthi ulithathe. Sebenzisa isirinji ekhethekile, inkomishi, noma isipuni esinikezwe yikhemisi kulokhu. Ungasebenzisi izipuni zasekhaya , ngoba azinembile.
- Ngokudla noma ngaphandle kokudla: Lo muthi ungathathwa ngaphambi noma ngemva kokudla. Kodwa-ke, uma uzwa ubuhlungu besisu, kungcono ukuwuthatha kanye nokudla.
- Ungadluli umthamo: Ungalokothi uthathe okungaphezu kwenani noma imvamisa enqunywe udokotela wakho.
- Ungabelani ngalo muthi nabanye: Lo muthi unikezwe wena kuphela. Ungabelani ngawo nanoma ubani nganoma yisiphi isizathu .
Yini okufanele uyenze uma uphuza ngokweqile?
Uma ucabanga ukuthi uthathe umuthi omningi kakhulu, iya eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo wesibhedlela esiseduze (i-ETU) ngokushesha noma ushayele i-National Poisons Information Centre e-Colombo National Hospital . Lesi yisimo esiphuthumayo, ungalibali.
Izinto okufanele uzikhumbule uma usebenzisa umuthi
Kudingeka siqaphele kakhulu lapho sithatha umuthi onamandla kangaka.
Ukubekezelelana kanye nokulutha yizinto ezimbili ezihlukene!
Njengoba uqhubeka nokuthatha lo muthi isikhashana, umzimba wakho ungase uwujwayele. Lokhu kusho ukuthi umthamo owawuwuthathe ngaphambilini ungase ungasanele ukulawula ubuhlungu bakho (ukubekezelela). Lokhu kuvamile, futhi akulona umlutha . Umlutha uwukusebenzisa umuthi ngaphandle kwesizathu sezokwelapha, ngenhloso yokuphuza utshwala. Ukuthatha lo muthi ngeseluleko sikadokotela wakho ngenxa yobuhlungu bakho akulona umlutha.
- Ungathathi ezinye izinhlobo ze-paracetamol: Lo muthi usuvele uqukethe i-acetaminophen (i-paracetamol). Ngakho-ke, ungathathi eminye imithi equkethe i-paracetamol (isib. i-Panadol, i-Calpol) kanye nalokhu. Ukwenza kanjalo kungabangela ukulimala kwesibindi.
- Gwema utshwala: Gwema ukuphuza utshwala ngokuphelele ngenkathi uthatha lo muthi. Ukuhlanganiswa kotshwala nalo muthi kungabangela imiphumela emibi eyingozi.
- Ukozela kanye nesiyezi: Lo muthi ungakwenza uzizwe ulele noma unesiyezi. Ngakho-ke, gwema imisebenzi edinga ukuqapha, njengokushayela noma ukusebenzisa imishini . Ungavuki noma uhlale phansi ngokuzumayo.
- Ukuqunjelwa: Ukuqunjelwa kuyimiphumela emibi evamile yalo muthi. Uma unenkinga yokuphuma indle izinsuku ezingaphezu kwezintathu, tshela udokotela wakho. Ukudla imifino eminingi, izithelo namanzi kungasiza kulokhu.
- Yazi nge-Naloxone: I-Naloxone iyindlela yokwelapha ephuthumayo yokudlula ngokweqile kwe-opioid. Khuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nendlela yokuthatha lo muthi nokuthi ungawuthola kuphi. Kubalulekile futhi ukuthi wena nomndeni wakho niqaphele izimpawu zokudlula ngokweqile (ukozela okukhulu, ubunzima bokuphefumula, ukulahlekelwa ukwazi).
Eminye imithi engase ihlangane nomuthi
Tshela udokotela wakho ngayo yonke imithi, amavithamini, kanye nemithi yamakhambi oyithathayo. Lo muthi ungasebenzisana neminye imithi eminingi. Qaphela kakhulu ngalokhu okulandelayo:
- Utshwala
- Imithi yokwelapha ukungezwani komzimba, ukukhwehlela, kanye nomkhuhlane (Ama-antihistamine)
- Imithi yokulala noma yokukhathazeka
- Eminye imithi yokucindezeleka (isib. i-Amitriptyline, i-Fluoxetine)
- Eminye imithi yokulwa namagciwane ye-HIV/AIDS
- Eminye imithi yokwelapha izifo zesikhunta (isib. i-Ketoconazole)
- Amanye ama-painkiller anamandla noma ama-syrup okukhwehlela aqukethe ama-opioid
- Iziphumuli zemisipha zokuhlinzwa
Imiphumela emibi engaba khona yomuthi
Njengayo yonke imithi, lena ingaba nemiphumela emibi. Eminye iyingozi, eminye ivamile.
| Imiphumela emibi kakhulu okufanele ibikwe kudokotela ngokushesha | |
|---|---|
| Ukungezwani komzimba | Ukuqubuka kwesikhumba, ukulunywa, ukuvuvukala kobuso, izindebe, ulimi noma umphimbo. |
| Ubunzima bokuphefumula | Ukuphefumula kancane , ubunzima bokuphefumula, ukozela okukhulu, ukungazi lutho. |
| Izimpawu zokulimala kwesibindi | Ubuhlungu esiswini esingaphezulu kwesokudla, ukulahlekelwa yisifiso sokudla, ukuphuzi kwesikhumba noma amehlo, umchamo ophuzi/onsundu omnyama. |
| Umfutho wegazi ophansi | Ukuzizwa unesizungu, ukuquleka, ukubona okufiphele. |
| Ama-blister esikhumba | Ukubomvu kwesikhumba, ukuqubuka, ukuxebuka (ngisho nangaphakathi emlonyeni). |
| Imiphumela emibi evame ukungabi mibi kakhulu (kodwa tshela udokotela wakho uma iqhubeka) | |
| Ukuqunjelwa | Ukuqunjelwa |
| Isiyezi kanye nokozela | Isiyezi Nokulala |
| Umlomo owomile | Umlomo owomile |
| Isicanucanu/ukuhlanza | Isicanucanu/Ukuhlanza |
Ungawugcina futhi uwulahle kanjani umuthi ngokuphephile?
Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu. Lo muthi ungaba nemiphumela eyingozi uma uwela ezandleni ezingafanele.
- Gcina kude nezingane nezilwane ezifuywayo.
- Yikhiye endaweni ephephile ukuze uyivikele ekwebiweni.
- Uma ukwelashwa kwakho sekuqediwe, lahla noma yimiphi imithi esele ngendlela efanele . Cela iseluleko ekhemisi noma esibhedlela sakho. Amanye amazwe anezinhlelo zokubuyisela emuva. Ngaphandle kwalokho, ngezinye izikhathi ungase welulekwe ukuthi uyihlanze endlini yangasese, kodwa hlola nodokotela wakho ukuze uqiniseke.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Lona umuthi onamandla wobuhlungu obukhulu. Landela imiyalelo kadokotela ngqo.
- Ungalokothi uthathe ngaphezu komthamo onconywayo. Sebenzisa idivayisi yokulinganisa enembile.
- Gwema utshwala ngokuphelele ngenkathi uthatha lo muthi. Ungathathi eminye imithi equkethe i-paracetamol.
- Uma ubona umphumela omubi kakhulu njengokulala kakhulu noma ubunzima bokuphefumula , iya ku-ETU ngokushesha.
- Gcina umuthi uvalelwe endaweni ephephile kude nezingane . Ungawubelani nanoma ubani.
- Uma unemibuzo mayelana nalomuthi, khuluma nodokotela wakho.
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