Ingabe unenkinga nge-valve ye-mitral yenhliziyo yakho? Ake sixoxe ngesifo se-Mitral Valve!

Ingabe ngezinye izikhathi uzizwa ubuhlungu obuncane esifubeni sakho, ubunzima bokuphefumula, noma ushintsho olusheshayo esilinganisweni sokushaya kwenhliziyo yakho? Ungase ucabange ukuthi lezi yizinto ezivamile. Kodwa-ke, lezi ngezinye izikhathi zingaba izimpawu zobuthakathaka obuthile ku-valve ye-mitral enhliziyweni yakho. Ungakhathazeki, namuhla sizokhuluma nje ngalesi sifo se-valve ye-mitral (`Isifo se-Mitral Valve`) .

Iyini i-valve ye-mitral? Isebenza kanjani enhliziyweni?

Kalula nje, inhliziyo yakho iyisitho esimangalisayo. Inamakamelo amane amakhulu. Kufana namakamelo endlini. Njengoba igazi lihamba phakathi kwala makamelo, kunamasango amancane agcina ligeleza ohlangothini olulodwa kuphela. Yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi ama-valve . I -valve ye-mitral itholakala phakathi kwegumbi eliphezulu ohlangothini lwesobunxele lwenhliziyo yakho (i-atrium yesobunxele) kanye negumbi elingezansi (i-ventricle yesobunxele). Kufana nesango elincane. Umsebenzi wayo oyinhloko ukuvumela igazi elinomoya-mpilo elivela emaphashini lidlule lisuka ku-atrium yesobunxele liye ku-ventricle yesobunxele. I-ventricle yesobunxele bese ipompa igazi emzimbeni wonke. I-valve ye-mitral ifana nephoyisa lomgwaqo , ivumela igazi ligeleze ohlangothini olulodwa kuphela futhi lingabuyeli emuva. Ngakho-ke, uma kukhona okonakalayo kule valve ye-mitral, noma uma ingasebenzi kahle, khona-ke ibizwa ngokuthi i-Mitral Valve Disease . Lokhu kungenzeka ngokuzumayo, noma kungakhula ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Abanye abantu bangazalwa benalesi simo (sokuzalwa).

Yiziphi izinhlobo eziyinhloko zesifo se-mitral valve?

Kunezinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko zesifo se-mitral valve. Ake sibheke ukuthi ziyini. Cabanga nge-valve yakho ye-mitral njengomnyango onezimbobo ezimbili (`amapheshana` noma `i-cusps`). Lawa ma-flap kudingeka avuleke futhi avalwe kahle ukuze igazi lidlule. 1. I-Mitral Valve Stenosis: Lokhu kwenzeka lapho izimbobo ziba zijiyile, ziqine, futhi zingavuli kahle. Lokhu kunciphisa indlela yegazi elisuka ku-atrium yangakwesobunxele liye ku-ventricle yangakwesobunxele. Kufana nepayipi lamanzi elivalekile. Lokhu kwenza inhliziyo isebenze kanzima ukupompa igazi. 2. I-Mitral Valve Prolapse: Lokhu kwenzeka lapho izimbobo ziba nezimo kakhulu, futhi lapho inhliziyo ifinyela, ziphuma ziye ku-atrium yangakwesobunxele. Ziyagoba njengendwangu endala. Lokhu kungabangela ukuthi i-valve ingavali kahle. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, ngezinye izikhathi igazi liqala ukuvuza emuva (`regurgitation`). 3. I-Mitral Valve Regurgitation: Lokhu kuvame ukubizwa ngokuthi ` `i-valve evuzayo`` noma ``ukungakwazi ukusebenza kahle kwe-mitral``.Kubizwa nangokuthi. Okwenzekayo lapha ukuthi ama-flaps e-valve awavaleki kahle. Bese kuthi, elinye igazi elingene kwi-ventricle yesobunxele liphinde livuzele ku-atrium yesobunxele. Kufana nomoya ophuma ebhaluni elibhoboziwe. Abanye abantu bangaba nezinhlobo ezingaphezu kweyodwa yalezi.

Ubani othola isifo se-mitral valve? Sivame kangakanani?

Lesi sifo singakhula noma ngabe singakanani ubudala. Ezinye izingane zizalwa zinale nkinga. Abanye abantu abadala bangayikhula ngokuzumayo, kungaba ngenxa yokutheleleka kwenhliziyo noma ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo . Kodwa-ke, imvamisa ikhula kancane kancane kubantu abadala njengoba ivalvu iba buthaka. Uhlobo olubizwa ngokuthi i-'Mitral Valve Prolapse' luvame kakhulu kwabesifazane. Kodwa-ke, lungaba yingozi kakhulu uma lukhula kwabesilisa, ngoba banamathuba amaningi okuba nokuhlanza okukhulu.

• I-Mitral Valve Stenosis ayivamile emazweni anjengeMelika. Kodwa-ke, ivame kakhulu emazweni lapho umkhuhlane wamathambo uvame khona.
• I-Mitral Valve Prolapse ivame kakhulu. Cishe umuntu oyedwa kwabangu-33 e-United States angase abe nayo. Kodwa akuwona wonke umuntu ozoba nokuvuza kwegazi okukhulu.
• Ukuvuselelwa kwe-Mitral Valve nakho kuvamile. Cishe umuntu oyedwa kwabayi-10 e-United States kuthiwa unokuvuza evalvinini yakhe yenhliziyo. Uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lokuvuza yivalvu ye-mitral.

Ziyini izimpawu zesifo se-mitral valve?

Izimpawu onazo zincike ohlotsheni lwesifo se-mitral valve onaso kanye nobunzima baso. Ngezinye izikhathi ungase ungabi nazimpawu nhlobo . Noma ungase ubhekane nezinto ezifana nalezi:

• Ubuhlungu besifuba noma ukuqina.
• Ukukhwehlela , ngezinye izikhathi igazi elincane.
• Ukuzizwa unesizungu noma ukuphelelwa yithemba.
• Ukukhathala nokukhathala (` Ukukhathala` ) .
• Ukushaya kwenhliziyo . Ungase uzwe inhliziyo yakho ishaya ngokushesha noma uzwe umsindo wokushaya kwenhliziyo yakho.
• Abanye abantu bangase babe ne -migraines .
• Isimo esibizwa ngokuthi "i-Mitral facies." Yilapho izihlathi zibonakala zipinki-onsomi.
• "Ukwehla kwengcindezi yegazi okubangelwa yi-Orthostatic" (`Ukwehla kwengcindezi yegazi okubangelwa yi-Orthostatic`) . Lokho kusho ukulala ngokuzumayo lapho usukuma.Ukwehlisa umfutho wegazi .
• Ukuphelelwa umoya , ikakhulukazi uma ukhathele noma uma ulele phansi.
• Ukuvuvukala kwemilenze, amaqakala, nezinyawo .

Lezi zimpawu zingahlotshaniswa nezinye izimo zenhliziyo (i-atrial fibrillation, ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo).

Yiziphi izimbangela zesifo se-mitral valve?

Kungaba nezizathu eziningana zalokhu. Ake sibheke eziyinhloko:

• Ukukhubazeka kwenhliziyo okubangelwa ukuzalwa: Abanye abantu bazalwa benezinkinga nge-valve ye-mitral.
• Izinkinga zezicubu ezixhumeneyo: Izibonelo zifaka phakathi izimo ezifana ne -Marfan syndrome kanye ne-Ehlers-Danlos syndrome .
• Ukutheleleka kwenhliziyo (endocarditis): Ukutheleleka ngaphakathi kwenhliziyo kungalimaza ama-valve.
• Ukwanda kwe-ventricle yesobunxele: Lokhu kungabangelwa ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo noma isimo esifana ne -cardiomyopathy (ukuba buthaka kwemisipha yenhliziyo).
• Ukuguga: Njengoba ukhula, i-calcium inganqwabelana ema-valve enhliziyo yakho. Lokhu kungabangela ukuthi ama-valve aqine futhi angasebenzi kahle.
• Ukwelashwa ngemisebe: Abantu abake baphathwa ngemisebe esifubeni bangase babe nomonakalo wevalvu yenhliziyo eminyakeni eyi-10-20 kamuva.
• Umkhuhlane we-rheumatic: Lona umkhuhlane obangelwa ukutheleleka ngamagciwane. Uma ungelashwa kahle, ungalimaza ama-valve enhliziyo eminyakeni edlule. Esikhathini esidlule, lokhu kwakuyimbangela eyinhloko ye-Mitral Valve Stenosis. Manje, ngenxa yama-antibiotic, lokhu kwehle kakhulu.

Isifo se-valve ye-mitral sitholakala kanjani?

Lokhu kungatholakala kuphela ngodokotela okuhlolayo futhi enze izivivinyo ezithile.

Ukuhlolwa komzimba

Udokotela uzobeka i-stethoscope esifubeni sakho bese elalela imisindo yenhliziyo yakho. Bazobe sebebheka imisindo ethile (ukububula) ehlotshaniswa nezinhlobo ezahlukene zesifo se-mitral valve.

• Ku -`Mitral Valve Stenosis` : Ungase uzwe umsindo njengoba igazi lidlula ku-valve encishisiwe kanye nomsindo othi ``snap`` njengoba i-valve ivuleka.
• Ku -`Mitral Valve Prolapse` : Umsindo we-`click` ungase uzwakale, ulandelwe yi-`murmur`. Lokhu kubizwa nangokuthi yi-`click-murmur syndrome`.
• Ku -'Mitral Valve Regurgitation' : Kuzwakala 'ukukhononda' njengoba igazi livuza emuva.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, bazobuza ngezimpawu zakho nokuthi ngabe kukhona yini emndenini wakho onesifo senhliziyo.

Ukuhlolwa kokuxilonga

I-echocardiogram (echo) iyindlela engcono kakhulu yokuhlola lokhu. Ingabheka izinto eziningi, njengesimo sama-valve enhliziyo, ubukhulu benhliziyo, nokuthi isebenza kanjani. Kufana nokuskena kwe-ultrasound. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ingenza izivivinyo ezifana nalezi:

• I-Electrocardiography (ECG/EKG): Lokhu kulinganisa umsebenzi kagesi wenhliziyo.
• I-X-ray yesifuba: Lokhu kungasetshenziswa ukuhlola ukwanda kwe-ventricle yesobunxele kanye nokuqongelela koketshezi emaphashini.
• Ukufakwa kwe-Catheterization Yenhliziyo: Ithubhu elincane lifakwa enhliziyweni ngomthambo wegazi ukuze kulinganiswe ingcindezi ngaphakathi kwenhliziyo. Lokhu kungasiza ekuhloleni i-mitral valve stenosis. Lokhu kwenziwa nangaphambi kokuhlinzwa ukuze kuhlolwe izinkinga ngemithambo yenhliziyo.

Isifo se-mitral valve siphathwa kanjani?

Uma ungenazo izimpawu, cishe awudingi ukwelashwa. Udokotela wakho uzokuqapha njalo futhi aqaphe isimo sakho. Uma unezimpawu, kuzodingeka zelashwe. Ukwelashwa kuncike ezintweni eziningi, njengesimo sakho, ubudala, nokuthi unezinye izimo zezokwelapha. Kunezinketho eziningana zokwelapha eziyinhloko:

• Imithi:

Udokotela wakho angase akunike imithi yokusiza ukulawula izimpawu zakho. Isibonelo, imithi yokukhipha isisu, ama-beta-blockers noma ama-calcium channel blockers , kanye nemithi yokucindezela kwegazi. Bangase bakunike imithi yokunciphisa igazi noma imithi yokunciphisa igazi ukuze kuncishiswe ingozi yokuqhekeka kwegazi.

• `Ukuhlinzwa kwe-Balloon Valvotomy`:

Lokhu kwenzelwa abantu abane-'Mitral Valve Stenosis'. I-catheter encane efana nebhaluni idluliselwa emthanjeni wegazi iye enhliziyweni, bese ibhaluni lifuthwa eduze kwevalvu evalekile, livule ivalvu futhi lenze indlela yokugeleza kwegazi ivuleke.

• Ukuhlinzwa kokulungisa i-valve ye-Mitral:

Noma nini lapho kungenzeka, odokotela bazama ukulungisa ivalvu kunokuyisusa. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi ugcine ivalvu yakho futhi ugweme ezinye zezinkinga ezihambisana nevalvu yokwenziwa.

• Ukuhlinzwa kokushintsha i-valve ye-mitral:

Ngezinye izikhathi, uma ivalvu yonakele kakhulu ukuba ingalungiswa, kufanele isuswe bese kufakwa ivalvu yokwenziwa.

• Ukuhlinzwa okungenasidingo (`Ukulungiswa kwe-valve ye-mitral okungenayo isidingo`):

Lezi zindlela zivumela ukululama okusheshayo ngoba ukuhlinzwa kwenziwa ngokusikwa okuncane kunokusikwa okukhulu. Kunezindlela ezifana ne -'Right mini-thoracotomy' , i-'partial upper sternotomy' , kanye ne-'robotically-assisted repair' .

• Ukungenelela kwe-Percutaneous:

Lezi izindlela zokwelapha ezisebenzisa i-catheter. Zifaneleka kakhulu kubantu abanezinhliziyo ezinkulu nezibuthakathaka. Kubantu abane-'Mitral Valve Regurgitation', idivayisi encane ebizwa ngokuthi i-'MitraClip™' ingaxhunywa ku-valve, okwenza ivaleke kahle futhi inciphise ukuphuma kwegazi emuva.

• Ukufakwa esikhundleni kwe-valve ye-mitral ye-percutaneous:

Kulabo abasengozini enkulu yokuhlinzwa kodwa abanesimo se-valve esifanele, i-valve entsha ngezinye izikhathi ifakwa ngaphakathi kwe-valve endala, enesifo.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuxoxa nodokotela wakho ngendlela yokwelapha engcono kakhulu kuwe.

Izinkinga ezingaba khona ngesikhathi sokwelashwa

Lokhu kuhlinzwa kanye nokwelashwa ngokuvamile kuphumelela kakhulu. Ingozi yezinkinga iphansi. Kodwa-ke, njenganoma yikuphi ukuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo, okulandelayo kungenzeka:

• Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile (`Arrhythmia`)
• Ukopha
• Amahlule egazi
• Isifo senhliziyo
• I-Heart block
• Ukutheleleka

Lezi zingozi ziyahlukahluka kuye ngokwelashwa okutholayo kanye nesimo sakho sempilo, ngakho-ke khuluma nodokotela wakho ngalokhu futhi.

Ingabe isifo se-valve ye-mitral singavinjelwa?

Ngokuvamile kunzima ukuvimbela lezi zifo ze-valve. Kodwa-ke, kunezinto ezithile ongazenza ukuze unciphise ingozi yakho njengoba ukhula:

• Gcina isisindo esinempilo. Kuhle kakhulu enhliziyweni yakho nasemithanjeni yegazi.
• Thatha imithi elwa namagciwane udokotela wakho ayinikezayo ezintweni ezifana ne-strep throat noma i-scarlet fever ngesikhathi esinqunyiwe.
• Bona udokotela okungenani kanye ngonyaka ukuze uhlolwe impilo .

Uma ukhulelwe noma uhlela ukukhulelwa, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngezinto ongazenza ukuze unciphise ingozi yengane yakho yokuba nesifo senhliziyo esizalwa naso. Cishe uzokweluleka ukuthi ugweme ukubhema, utshwala, nezidakamizwa. Uma othile emndenini wakho enomlando wesifo senhliziyo esizalwa naso noma isifo sezicubu ezixhumeneyo, ungase uthande ukucabangela ukuhlolwa kofuzo .

Ungaphila isikhathi esingakanani unesifo se-mitral valve?

Lokhu kuncike ezintweni eziningi, okuhlanganisa uhlobo lwesifo onaso, ubukhulu baso, ukuthi sidale umonakalo ongakanani enhliziyweni yakho, nokuthi uthola nini ukwelashwa. Ngakho-ke, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngesimo sakho.

Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela?

Uma unezimpawu zesifo se-mitral valve, bona udokotela ngokushesha . Ukutholwa kusenesikhathi kungasiza ekuvimbeleni izinkinga ezinkulu kamuva. Uma isimo sakho sincane, udokotela wakho cishe uzokucela ukuthi uze njalo ukuze aqaphe isimo sakho. Ungakhohlwa ukuya kokuhlolwa okulandelayo ngemva kokwelashwa.

Amacala adinga ukwelashwa okuphuthumayo

Uma kwenzeka into efana nale, kufanele ushayele ucingo ku-1990 ngokushesha noma uye esibhedlela esiseduze:

• Ubuhlungu obukhulu esifubeni.
• Ukulahlekelwa ukwazi, isiyezi, noma ubuthakathaka obukhulu.
• Uma inhliziyo ishaya ngokushesha noma ngokungajwayelekile.
• Ubunzima obukhulu obungazelelwe bokuphefumula.
• Uma uhlangabezana nomphumela omubi ongalindelekile ovela emithini oyiphuzayo.

Uma uthatha imithi yokunciphisa igazi (ama-anticoagulant), funa iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha uma uwa. Kubalulekile ukuya kohlolwa, noma ngabe awuboni zimpawu zomonakalo, njengoba kunengozi yokopha ngaphakathi.

Yimiphi imibuzo okufanele ngiyibuze udokotela?

Uma usuthole ukuthi unesifo se-mitral valve, kubalulekile ukufunda kabanzi ngaso. Buza udokotela wakho imibuzo efana nale:

• Isimo sami sibi kangakanani?
• Ingabe lokhu kungaba kubi kakhulu ngokuhamba kwesikhathi?
• Ingabe ngidinga ukuhlinzwa? Uma kunjalo, nini?
• Ngingakwazi yini ukuhlinzwa okuncane noma ukwelashwa nge-catheter?
• Ingabe ivalvu yami ingalungiswa, noma ingabe ngidinga ukuthola ivalvu entsha?
• Injani inqubo yokwelashwa?
• Yiziphi izingozi nezinzuzo zalokhu kwelashwa?
• Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukululama?
• Kukangaki ngidinga ukuza ukuzolandelelwa?
• Ingabe kuzodingeka ngithathe noma yimiphi imithi manje noma ngemva kokwelashwa? Isikhathi esingakanani?
• Yiziphi izinguquko okudingeka ngizenze endleleni yami yokuphila?

Ukulungiswa kwamavalvu kuyinqubo eyinkimbinkimbi, ngakho-ke kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthola uchwepheshe onolwazi.

Ngingazinakekela kanjani?

Udokotela wakho uzokweluleka ngokusekelwe esimweni sakho. Ngokuvamile, lezi zinto zibalulekile:

• Thatha imithi yakho njengoba uyalelwe.
• Nakekela kahle amazinyo nezinsini zakho. (Impilo yomlomo nayo iyayithinta inhliziyo)
• Zivocavoce njengoba udokotela esho.
• Gwema ukubhema, utshwala nezidakamizwa.
• Lawula ukucindezeleka .
• Bhala kahle.

Buyekeza ikhadi lakho lolwazi lwezokwelapha oluphuthumayo.

Uma unesifo se-valve, kufanele utshele bonke odokotela bakho nodokotela bamazinyo. Kungadingeka ukuthi uthathe ama-antibiotic ngaphambi kwezinqubo ezithile zamazinyo noma zezokwelapha. Kubaluleke kakhulu futhi ukugcina ikhadi lolwazi lwezokwelapha oluphuthumayo nawe. Kufanele liqukathe ulwazi olulandelayo:

• Igama lakho eliphelele kanye nosuku lokuzalwa.
• Inombolo yocingo yomuntu ozokwaziswa uma kunesimo esiphuthumayo.
• Imininingwane kadokotela wakho oyinhloko.
• Ukungezwani komzimba kwakho.
• Yonke imithi oyithathayo.
• Uhlobo lwesifo se-valve onaso.
• Ingabe uyilungisile noma uyishintshile ivalvu?
• Ukuthi uthatha imithi yokunciphisa igazi.

Uma ungazi ukuthi ungakwenza kanjani lokhu, buza udokotela wakho. Ungabhala le mininingwane ekhadini elincane bese uyigcina esikhwameni sakho noma esikhwameni sakho.

Ekugcineni, kufanele ngithi... (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Isifo se-valve ye-Mitral asibathinti bonke ngendlela efanayo. Abanye abantu bangase bangabi nazimpawu. Abanye bangase babe nezinkinga ezinkulu ngemisebenzi yabo yansuku zonke. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukubona udokotela wakho njalo futhi uqaphe impilo yakho. Tshela udokotela wakho ngokushesha uma ubona noma yiziphi izimpawu ezintsha noma izinguquko ezimpawu zakho. Nakuba isifo se-valve singenakuvinjelwa ezimweni eziningi, ukwamukela indlela yokuphila enempilo yenhliziyo kungasiza ukugcina hhayi ama-valve akho kuphela kodwa nenhliziyo yakho yonke iphilile. Ungakhathazeki, ngeseluleko sezokwelapha esifanele kanye nokwelashwa, nawe ungaphatha lesi simo kahle futhi uphile impilo enempilo! Isifo se-Mitral Valve, Isifo Senhliziyo, Isifo se-Valve, Ubunzima Bokuphefumula, Ubuhlungu Besifuba, Ukuhlinzwa Kwenhliziyo, Isifo se-Mitral Valve