Uma une-ADHD ( Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder ), noma ungumzali wengane ene-ADHD, ungase uzibuze, "Ingabe ngiyoke ngibe umlutha wotshwala noma wezidakamizwa?" Lena inkinga yangempela kanye nokwesaba kubantu abaningi. Ngakho-ke namuhla, ake sixoxe ngokukhululekile ngalokhu, izizathu zalokhu, imibono eyiphutha mayelana nemithi ye-ADHD, nokuthi ungazivikela kanjani kulesi simo.
Ingabe kukhona ngempela ukuxhumana phakathi kwe-ADHD notshwala/izidakamizwa?
Yebo, kukhona ukuxhumana ngempela. Ucwaningo lukhombisile ukuthi abantu abane-ADHD basengozini enkulu yokuba umlutha wotshwala noma wezidakamizwa kunomuntu ojwayelekile.
Cabanga ngalokhu: I-ADHD ivame kakhulu ngokuphindwe kahlanu kuya kweshumi kubantu abadala abanomlutha wotshwala kunakubantu abavamile. Kutholakale nokuthi umuntu omdala oyedwa kwabane (cishe u-25%) ofuna ukwelashwa komlutha wotshwala nezidakamizwa naye une-ADHD.
Le ngozi iqala besebancane. Izingane ezine-ADHD zivame kakhulu ukusebenzisa utshwala ngaphambi kwabanye abantwana, okusho ukuthi zisencane.
| Okutholakele ocwaningweni | Izingane ezine-ADHD | Izingane ezingenayo i-ADHD |
|---|---|---|
| Amaphesenti okulutheka kotshwala phakathi kwabantu abaneminyaka engu-15-17 | 14% | Kuncane kakhulu |
| Ukuqala ukusebenzisa utshwala cishe eminyakeni eyi-15 | 40% | 22% |
Le mininingwane ikhombisa ukuthi ukuqala kokusetshenziswa kotshwala enganeni ene-ADHD kusenesikhathi kuyisibonakaliso esinamandla sokuba umlutha kamuva. Ucwaningo luphinde lwathola ukuxhumana phakathi kwabantu abane-ADHD nokusebenzisa kwabo insangu nezinye izidakamizwa.
Kungani abantu abane-ADHD besengozini enkulu?
Kunezizathu eziningana eziyinhloko zalokhu.
1. Ukungacabangi kanye nokwenza izinqumo ngokushesha: Esinye sezici eziyinhloko ze-ADHD ukuthambekela kokwenza ngokuphazima kweso nokwenza ngaphandle kokucabanga ngemiphumela. Ngenxa yalokhu, kungaba lula ukuphendukela ezidakamizweni noma otshwaleni, ucabanga ukuthi, "Kulungile, ake sizame."
2. Izinkinga zokuziphatha: Le ngozi ikhuliswa nawukungahlaliseki, ukucasuka, nezinkinga zokuziphatha ezihambisana ne-ADHD.
3. Isixhumanisi Sezakhi Zofuzo: I-ADHD kanye notshwala kokubili kuhambisana nemindeni. Lokhu kusho ukuthi abacwaningi bakholelwa ukuthi kungase kube nezakhi zofuzo ezivamile ezithonya zombili lezi zimo. Isibonelo, ingane ene-ADHD enomzali ophuza utshwala inamathuba amaningi okuba notshwala esikhathini esizayo.
Ingabe izikhuthazi ze-ADHD ziyalutha?
Lona umbuzo abazali abaningi abawubuzayo. Lapho benika ingane imithi evuselelayo efana ne-'Ritalin' kanye ne- 'Adderall' , kungokwemvelo ukukhathazeka, "Ingabe izolutheka kulo muthi?"
Kalula nje, le mithi isebenza ngokwandisa amazinga esithunywa samakhemikhali esibizwa ngokuthi i-dopamine ebuchosheni. I-Dopamine iyikhemikhali esisiza ukunaka nokugxila. Abantu abane-ADHD abanawo la makhono, ngakho le mithi ingasiza.
Kodwa-ke, i-dopamine ihlotshaniswa nemizwa yenjabulo nokwaneliseka. Izidakamizwa ezifana ne-cocaine nazo zibangela ukwanda okungazelelwe kwamazinga e-dopamine. Yingakho kuphakama umbuzo othi "Ingabe imithi ye-ADHD iyalutha?".
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi uma kuthathwa ngomthamo oshiwo udokotela, ngesikhathi esiqondile, nangendlela efanele, ingozi yokuba umlutha wale mithi iphansi kakhulu.
Inkinga ifika lapho le mithi isetshenziswa kabi. Abanye abantu bayayisebenzisa ngaphandle kweseluleko sezokwelapha, bayichoboze amaphilisi bese bewakhafula, noma bawancibilikise emanzini bese bewafaka emzimbeni. Uma ithathwa ngemithamo ephezulu futhi ingafanele, ingaba umlutha, njenge-cocaine.
Kodwa umthamo onikezwa udokotela uvame ukuba phansi futhi usebenza kancane. Isibonelo, ngenkathi i-cocaine inyusa amazinga e-dopamine ngemizuzwana, kuthatha cishe ihora ukuthi i-Ritalin ifinyelele ezingeni elifanayo. Lesi senzo esisheshayo sinciphisa ingozi yokulutha.
Ingabe imithi ye-ADHD ingaholela ekubeni umlutha kwezinye izidakamizwa?
Lokhu kungenye into enkulu abantu abaningi abanayo. Bayazibuza, "Ingabe bazojwayela lesi sidakamizwa bese bephendukela kwezinye izidakamizwa?"
Kodwa-ke, ucwaningo lwesikhathi eside ngalesi sihloko lubonisa ukuthi akukho ukuxhumana okunamandla kangaka . Ucwaningo olwenziwe eminyakeni eyi-10 eqenjini labafana abane-ADHD lubonise ukuthi akukho mehluko omkhulu engcupheni yokusebenzisa izidakamizwa kamuva phakathi kwezingane ezithathe imithi evuselelayo kanye nalabo abangayithathi.
Olunye ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi kungcono nakakhulu. Okusho ukuthi, ukwelapha i-ADHD kahle kunganciphisa ingozi yokusebenzisa kabi izidakamizwa esikhathini esizayo . Ngoba lapho izimpawu ze-ADHD (ukungacabangi kahle, ukungahlaliseki) zilawulwa ngemithi, izimbangela eziyinhloko zokusebenzisa kabi izidakamizwa ziyasuswa. Ngakho-ke, ukuhlonza i-ADHD nokuqala ukwelashwa kusenesikhathi kunganciphisa ingozi yesikhathi esizayo.
Ake sifunde nangokuzelapha.
Ukuzelapha ngokwakho ukusebenzisa utshwala, izidakamizwa, ikhofi eningi, nogwayi ukulawula izimpawu zakho ngaphandle kweseluleko sikadokotela. Lokhu kuvamile kubantu abane-ADHD.
Utshwala
Abanye abantu baphendukela otshwaleni ukuze banciphise ukucindezeleka, ukungakhululeki emphakathini, kanye nezinkinga zemfundo ezibangelwa yi-ADHD. Nakuba kungase kuzwakale kukhululeka kancane ngaleso sikhathi, utshwala empeleni benza izimpawu ze-ADHD zibe zimbi kakhulu .
Izidakamizwa Ezingekho Emthethweni
Nakuba abanye abantu bekholelwa ukuthi insangu ingasiza ekunciphiseni izimpawu ze-ADHD, ucwaningo luye lwabonisa ukuthi okuphambene nalokho kuyiqiniso. Insangu empeleni ingenza izinkinga zibe zimbi kakhulu ngokunaka, ukugxila, kanye nokuhlela . Yingakho odokotela beluleka ukusebenzisa insangu noma omunye umuthi njengokwelapha i-ADHD.
Ikhofi (i-caffeine)
Nakuba ikhofi ingase ibonakale ikunika amandla okugxila kancane, ayisebenzi kahle njengemithi ye-ADHD. Futhi, i-caffeine eningi kakhulu ingalimaza inkumbulo . I-caffeine ayinconywa ezinganeni nakubantu abadala abasebasha, njengoba ingaphazamisa ubuthongo futhi ithinte ukukhula komzimba.
Ugwayi
Nakuba ungase ucabange ukuthi ukubhema ugwayi kuzokuthulisa, okuphambene nalokho kuyiqiniso. Ukubhema kungandisa ukukhathazeka, kwenze kube nzima ukulawula izimpawu ze-ADHD . Kungenza futhi kube nzima ukuhlala ugxile lapho uzama ukuyeka ukubhema.
Uma wena noma othile omaziyo ezelapha ngale ndlela, okungukuthi, ephendukela ezintweni ezinjengotshwala noma ugwayi ukuze aqede izimpawu ze-ADHD, qiniseka ukuthi ukhuluma nodokotela wakho ngakho . Kungadingeka ushintshe umthamo wemithi yakho noma ushintshele kolunye ukwelashwa.
Indlela yokwelapha i-ADHD kanye nokulutha kwezidakamizwa?
Uma umuntu one-ADHD ephinde abe umlutha wotshwala noma izidakamizwa, ukwelashwa kuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu. Lapha, zombili lezi zimo zidinga ukwelashwa ngesikhathi esisodwa.
Odokotela bavame ukunikeza imithi engavuseleli kulezi zimo. Isibonelo, izidakamizwa ezifana ne-`atomoxetine (Strattera)` kanye ne-`viloxazine (Qelbree)`. Ngezinye izikhathi, kusetshenziswa nemithi yokucindezeleka efana ne-`bupropion (Wellbutrin)`.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukwelashwa komuntu ngamunye noma kweqembu kanye namaqembu okusekelana kuyingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu yale nqubo yokwelapha.
Ukusebenzisa kabi imithi kungaholela emiphumeleni emibi kakhulu, njengokuquleka, ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo, noma isifo sohlangothi. Ngakho-ke, thatha kuphela umthamo onqunyiwe wemithi njengoba unqunyiwe udokotela .
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Akuwona wonke umuntu one-ADHD oba umlutha wotshwala noma izidakamizwa, kodwa ingozi iphakeme kuneyabantu bonke.
- Ukuthatha imithi ye-ADHD njengoba nje udokotela wakho ekuyalele kunganciphisa ingozi yokuphendukela emithini esikhathini esizayo.
- Ingozi yokuba umlutha wemithi evuselelayo ye-ADHD iphansi kakhulu uma ithathwa njengoba udokotela emyalile.
- Ukuzilapha ngezinto ezinjengotshwala, ugwayi, kanye nensangu ngomzamo wokulawula izimpawu ze-ADHD kwenza isimo sibe sibi kakhulu.
- Uma wena noma ingane yakho ninokukhathazeka noma ukwesaba ngalokhu, ukukhuluma ngokukhululekile nodokotela wakho ngakho kuyinto engcono kakhulu ongayenza.
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