Ingabe nawe unenkinga yokuhlala ugxile? Ingabe uzizwa ungakhululekile futhi ungakwazi ukuphatha umthwalo wakho womsebenzi? Udokotela wakho kungenzeka ukuthi ukunikeze imithi ngenxa yalezi zimpawu. Noma mhlawumbe umngane noma isihlobo sakho sithatha imithi yalesi simo. Esikhathini esidlule, sasicabanga ukuthi lesi yisifo esithinta izingane ezincane kuphela. Kodwa manje lesi simo ( i-attention deficit hyperactivity disorder - i-ADHD) sitholakala nakubantu abadala. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukusetshenziswa kwemithi yaso nakho kuye kwanda kakhulu. Ngakho-ke namuhla, ake sixoxe ngalokhu.
Iyini i-ADHD? Ingabe iyabathinta ngempela abantu abadala?
Kalula nje, i-ADHD yisimo esibangelwa izinguquko endleleni ubuchopho bethu obusebenza ngayo. Lokhu kungenza kube nzima ngomuntu ukugcina ukunaka, ukulawula ukushesha kwakhe, nokwenza izinqumo ngokushesha.
Nakuba kwakucatshangwa ukuthi kukhawulelwe ebuntwaneni, manje sesiyazi ukuthi abantu abaningi ababene-ADHD beseyizingane bayaqhubeka nokuba nemiphumela yayo baze babe badala. Futhi, nakuba kwakucatshangwa ukuthi kuthinta abafana kuphela, odokotela manje sebeyabona ukuthi amantombazane nabesifazane nabo banalesi simo. Yingakho kube nokwanda kwamuva kwenani labantu abadala, ikakhulukazi abesifazane, abafuna ukwelashwa kwalesi simo.
Umuthi onikezwayo ngalokhu nalokho okubizwa ngokuthi 'ukusetshenziswa kabi'
Uhlobo oluyinhloko lomuthi olusetshenziswa ukwelapha i-ADHD yizikhuthazi, noma lokho esikubiza ngokuthi ``Izikhuthazi``. Kulawa, isigaba `` Ama-Amphetamine`` (njenge-Adderall ne-Vyvanse) yisona esisetshenziswa kakhulu. Uma kuthathwa njengoba kuqondiswe udokotela, ngesilinganiso esifanele nangesikhathi esifanele, le mithi ngokuvamile iphephile futhi isebenza kahle kakhulu.
Kodwa, inkinga iqala lapho lezi 'zingasetshenziswa'. Kusho ukuthini lokho?
- Ukusebenzisa lo muthi ngaphandle kwencwadi kadokotela (mhlawumbe ngokubuza umngane).
- Ukuthatha okungaphezu komthamo onqunyiwe (isibonelo, ukuthatha amaphilisi amabili noma amathathu ngesikhathi esisodwa ukuze ufundele ukuhlolwa).
- Ukusebenzisa le mithi ngezinjongo ezingezona ezinqunywe udokotela.
Ucwaningo olukhulu lwamuva nje luthole ukuthi cishe umuntu oyedwa kwabane (1/4) abadala abasebenzisa le mithi bayisebenzisa kabi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, cishe umuntu oyedwa kwabayishumi uba nesifo esibizwa ngokuthi "i-Prescription Substance Use Disorder (PSUD)" esibangela izinkinga empilweni yabo ngenxa yale mithi.
"Le mithi"Akusikho ngeze ukuthi zihlukaniswe njengezidakamizwa ezilawulwayo, ezitholakala kuphela ngomuthi kadokotela. Zingaba umlutha. Yingakho kudingeka siqaphele kakhulu ngalokhu."
Ingozi yokulutha kanye nezimpawu eziyingozi
Le mithi ingaba yingozi emizimbeni nasezingqondweni zethu uma isetshenziswa ngendlela engafanele. Uma ithathwa ngemithamo ephezulu, ingabangela izimo ezingathi sína, ngisho nezisongela ukuphila njengokungasebenzi kahle kwe-cardiac rhythm (arrhythmias), ukuxhuzula, noma isifo sohlangothi. Ngakho-ke, uma wena noma othile omaziyo esebenzisa le mithi, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela lezi zimpawu eziyingozi.
Ake sibheke ithebula elingezansi ukuze sibone ukuthi yiziphi izimpawu zokusebenzisa kabi izidakamizwa kanye nokulutha.
| Isici | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| Izimpawu zokulutha | Bachitha ingxenye enkulu yosuku lwabo befuna, besebenzisa, noma bezama ukubalekela imiphumela yemithi yabo. Uma bengayithathi imithi yabo, bazizwa sengathi impilo yabo yonke iphazamisekile. |
| Izimpawu Zokuhoxa | Izinto ezifana nokulala isikhathi eside, ukucindezeleka okukhulu, ukucasuka njalo, nokudla ngokweqile. |
| Izimpawu eziphuthumayo zokudlula ngokweqile | Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo, ubuhlungu besifuba, ukuxhuzula, ukudideka okukhulu. Uma ubona into efana nale , ziyise ngokushesha eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) wesibhedlela esiseduze . |
Kungani ukuhlonza i-ADHD kuyinkimbinkimbi kangaka?
Ukuthola i-ADHD kubantu abadala kungaba nzima, njengoba izimpawu zingafana nezinye izimo zempilo yengqondo. Isibonelo:
- Ukucindezeleka
- Ukukhathazeka
- Isifo sokucindezeleka ngemva kokucindezeleka (PTSD)
- Okunye ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa
Ngakho-ke, udokotela oqeqeshiwe angaxilonga i-ADHD ngokunembile kuphela ngemva kokuhlola zonke lezi zici nokuqinisekisa ukuthi lezi zimpawu bezikhona kusukela ebuntwaneni. Ngakho-ke, uma unokungabaza ngalokhu, qiniseka ukuthi uthintana nodokotela oqeqeshiwe, ikakhulukazi udokotela wezifo zengqondo, ukuze uthole iseluleko.
Unganciphisa kanjani ingozi futhi usebenzise umuthi ngokuphephile?
Akuwona wonke umuntu osebenzisa lezi zidakamizwa ozoba umlutha. Kunezinto ezithile ongazenza ukuze unciphise ingozi yakho.
1. Gcina ubuhlobo obuhle nodokotela wakho: Khuluma nodokotela oye wakubhalela imithi. Uma ubhekene nemiphumela emibi evela emithini, uma umthamo ubonakala unganele, noma uma ukhathazekile ngokuba umlutha, mtshele konke.
2. Phuza imithi yakho ngaphambi kokuba iphele: Ungalindi kuze kube umzuzu wokugcina ukuze uphinde uthathe imithi yakho ngaphambi kokuba iphele. Uma uphelelwa imithi ngokuzumayo, ungase ube nezimpawu zokuhoxa futhi uzizwe ungakhululekile.
3. Gwema ukunikeza abanye imithi yakho: Unganiki omunye umuntu imithi yakho nganoma yisiphi isizathu . Akukhona nje ukuthi akukho emthethweni, kodwa futhi kungaba yingozi empilweni yalowo muntu.
4. Vikela ubumfihlo bakho: Ungatsheli wonke umuntu ukuthi uthatha lolu hlobo lwemithi. Ikakhulukazi phakathi kwentsha, kunethuba elikhulu lokuthi bazocela futhi babelane ngemithi besebenzisa ithonya labangane. Ngakho-ke qaphela kancane ngalokhu.
5. Cela usizo: Uma uzizwa sengathi ubhekene nezimpawu zokulutha, sicela ungesabi ukucela usizo. Ungathola usizo kudokotela wakho, kudokotela wezifo zengqondo, noma emtholampilo wezifo zengqondo esibhedlela sikahulumeni. Ungathola futhi iseluleko esiyisisekelo ngokufonela i-National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) ngo-1926 .
Khumbula, i-ADHD iyisimo esilawulekayo. Ukusebenzisa imithi ngokuphephile, ngaphansi kokuqashwa okufanele kwezokwelapha, kungenza impilo yakho ibe lula kakhulu. Inkinga isekusetshenzisweni kabi kanye nokulutha.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-ADHD yisimo sangempela sezokwelapha esithinta kokubili izingane kanye nabantu abadala.
- Izikhuthazi zisebenza kahle kakhulu futhi ziphephile uma zithathwa ngaphansi kweseluleko sikadokotela.
- Ukusebenzisa kabi lo muthi ngaphandle kweseluleko sezokwelapha, ngemithamo ephezulu, noma ngezinye izinjongo kungaholela ekubeni umlutha nezinkinga ezinkulu zempilo.
- Ungabelani ngemithi yakho nanoma ubani omunye. Futhi, ungaboleki imithi kwabanye bese uyisebenzisa.
- Uma unezinsolo ezincane kakhulu zokuthi umlutha, ungesabi ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho.Ukucela usizo kuwuphawu lwamandla.
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