Kungenzeka ukuthi udokotela utshele ukuthi une-ADHD. Noma mhlawumbe othile omaziyo unaleso simo. Uma sicabanga nge-ADHD, sivame ukucabanga ngomuntu odidekile, onenkinga yokunaka, futhi obangela izinkinga. Kodwa bewazi ukuthi lesi simo ngezinye izikhathi singaholela ezinkingeni ezinkulu kakhulu, okuhlanganisa nezinkinga zomthetho? Ungakhathazeki ngalokhu. Akuwona wonke umuntu one-ADHD ongena enkingeni zomthetho. Kodwa kubalulekile ukuthi wena nabathandekayo bakho niqaphele ukuxhumana phakathi kwalokhu okubili.
Kungani abanye abantu abane-ADHD bengena enkingeni ngomthetho?
Kalula nje, i-ADHD yisimo esithinta izingxenye zobuchopho bethu ezilawula imizwa, ukuziphatha, kanye nemizwa. Uma lezi zingxenye zingasebenzi kahle, kungaba nzima ukuzibamba ekwenzeni izinto owaziyo ukuthi zingaba yinkinga. Cabanga ngezinto ezinjengokuphuza utshwala nokushayela, ukulwa uma uthukuthele, noma ukungena endlini kamakhelwane ngokunyenya.
Phakathi kwezimpawu ze-ADHD, ezinye zihlobene kakhulu nezinkinga zomthetho. Ucwaningo luthole ukuthi ukunganaki , ukuziphatha okungenangqondo , kanye nobunzima bokulawula imizwa kungaholela emicabangweni yobugebengu. Ngokumangazayo, ukusebenza ngokweqile, noma ukuzulazula, akutholakalanga ukuthi kuhlobene ngqo nezinkinga zomthetho.
Ikakhulukazi ebusheni nasebudaleni, ezinye izindlela zokuziphatha ezibangelwa yi-ADHD zandisa ingozi yokubhekana nemiphumela yezomthetho. Ake sibheke ukuthi ziyini.
| Ukuziphatha okwandisa ingozi | Ungangena kanjani enkingeni ngomthetho? |
|---|---|
| Ukungawenzi kahle umsebenzi wesikole, ukungayi esikoleni, noma ukuyeka isikole. | Uma ungatholi imfundo enhle, kunzima ukuthola umsebenzi omuhle. Uma ungenayo indlela yokuthola imali, cishe uzophendukela emisebenzini engekho emthethweni njengokweba noma ukuthengisa izidakamizwa. |
| Ukuzihlanganisa "nabangane abangalungile". | Uma uzihlanganisa nabangane abenza okubi, ungazifaka enkingeni yezomthetho ngaphandle kokuqaphela. |
| Ukungalaleli noma ukuba nolaka. | Lolu hlobo lokuziphatha lungaholela ekulweni njalo nasekuhlaselweni kwabanye. Lokhu kuyizenzo zobugebengu ezinkulu ngaphansi komthetho. |
| Ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa noma utshwala. | Uma udakiwe, awuqondi okulungile nokungalungile. Futhi, ukuba nezidakamizwa nokuthengisa kuyicala elisemthethweni. |
I-ADHD ingenza kube nzima nokuqonda ngokugcwele imiphumela yezenzo zomuntu. Umuntu owebayo angase angaqondi ngokugcwele umthelela wezenzo zakhe kwabanye noma ukuthi angabhekana nesijeziso, njengokuya ejele.
Uyini ubudlelwano phakathi kwe-ADHD, i-ODD, ne-CD?
Abantu abane-ADHD banamathuba amaningi okuba nezinye izinkinga zempilo yengqondo. Ezimbili ezivame kakhulu ukuphazamiseka kokuziphatha: i-ODD (Oppositional Defiant Disorder) kanye ne-CD (Conduct Disorder) .
I-ODD yisifo sokuziphatha esivame ukubonakala nge-ADHD. Lezi zimpawu zivame ukuqala ebuntwaneni futhi zingaqhubeka zize zibe ngabantu abadala , noma zibe zimbi nakakhulu. Abantu abane-ODD bavame ukungahloniphi iziphathimandla, njengabazali, othisha, namaphoyisa. Bavame ukwenza izinto eziphikisana nezindinganiso nemithetho yomphakathi.
Uma umuntu omdala ene-ODD, ungase ubone lezi zimpawu:
- Ukuphikisana njalo.
- Uthukuthela ngokushesha.
- Basola abanye ngamaphutha abo kanye nokuziphatha kwabo.
- Angithandi ukulandela imithetho nokwenza lokho okushiwo abanye.
- Benza abanye bathukuthele futhi bacasuke ngokuthanda kwabo.
- Bathukuthela ngokushesha.
- Uhlala ethukuthele, enenzondo, futhi efuna ukuziphindiselela.
I-CD ( Conduct Disorder ) iyisimo esibucayi kancane. Sithinta cishe ama-25% ezingane ezine-ADHD kanye nama-45% entsha. Abantu abane-CD abanandaba nabanye futhi bayayenqaba ngokuphelele imithetho yomphakathi. Lokhu kungaholela ekuziphatheni okungekuhle emphakathini ngisho nokuboshwa lapho sebekhulile.
Ukuba ne-ADHD kanye ne-ODD noma i-CD kuyinhlanganisela eyingozi eyandisa kakhulu ingozi yokubhekana nezinkinga zomthetho.
Izinkinga zobugebengu nezomthetho zibathinta kanjani abantu abane-ADHD?
I-ADHD ingaxhunyaniswa nanoma yini kusukela emacaleni amancane kuya emacaleni abucayi. Abantu abane-ADHD banamathuba amaningi kunabanye okwenza izinto ezifana nalezi:
- Ukusheshisa nokuthola izinhlawulo kanye nokwenza ezinye izenzo zokwephula imithetho yomgwaqo.
- Ubusela.
- Ukuthenga noma ukuthengisa izidakamizwa ezingekho emthethweni.
- Ukuba nezikhali ezifihliwe.
Abantu abane -ADHD bangena enkingeni kaningi kunomuntu ojwayelekile, futhi kuvame ukuqala besebancane. Banamathuba okuboshwa, ukugwetshwa, nokuboshwa kabili noma kathathu kunabanye .
Ijele liyindawo eyingozi kakhulu kumuntu one-ADHD. Hhayi ezweni lethu kuphela, kodwa nakwamanye amazwe amaningi emhlabeni jikelele, lesi simo asihlolwa kahle noma asiphathwa kahle ngaphakathi kohlelo lwejele.
I-ADHD ivame kakhulu ukuhambisana nezinye izifo zengqondo, njengokucindezeleka, ukukhathazeka, noma isifo sokuphazamiseka kwengqondo . Emasontweni ambalwa okuqala okuboshwa, lezi zifo zengqondo, uma zingelashwa, zingandisa ngisho nengozi yokuzibulala.
Kunzima kakhulu ukuthola umsebenzi ngemva kokukhululwa ejele. Uma ulahlekelwa umsebenzi futhi ungasenamali yokuphila, kungenzeka ukuthi uphinde wenze okubi. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi ukuphinda ubugebengu. Ngenxa yokuthi awutholi ukwelashwa ejele, abantu abane-ADHD banamathuba amaningi okwenza ubugebengu futhi ngemva kokukhululwa bese begcina besejele.
Uphunyuka kanjani kulo mjikelezo omubi?
Ungase uzizwe uthwele kanzima uma uzwa lokhu, kodwa into engcono kakhulu ukuthi ungawuqeda lo mjikelezo.
Isinyathelo sokuqala nesibaluleke kakhulu ukuthola ukuxilongwa okunembile bese uqala ukwelashwa kwe-ADHD ngokushesha okukhulu.
Ukwelashwa kwe-ADHD kuvame ukuhilela inhlanganisela yemithi, ukwelulekwa, kanye nokushintsha indlela yokuphila. Amasu okuziphatha, njengokwelulekwa komndeni, nawo asetshenziswa kanye nemithi yezimo ezifana ne-ODD.
Ukuqeqeshwa kwamakhono okuxhumana nabantu kuyindlela enhle yokusiza ngalokhu. Kukufundisa:
- Indlela yokuxazulula izingxabano.
- Indlela yokuzola uma uthukuthele noma udidekile.
- Uma ukhuluma nabantu abanegunya, ungalalela kanjani futhi uphendule ngendlela efanele.
Kudingeka futhi ucabange ngamathonya angaphandle. Izingane ezizihlanganisa nabangane abanokuziphatha okubi nazo zinamathuba amaningi okungena ezinkingeni. Ngakho-ke, ukukhetha abangane abahle nakho kubaluleke kakhulu.
Ngaphambi kokuba usebenzise ukuziphatha okubi, kubalulekile ukuthola usizo olufanele. Ukuze wenze lokhu, bonana nodokotela wezifo zengqondo oqeqeshiwe bese uthola iseluleko. Lokho kusho ukukhuluma ngokwethembeka nodokotela wakho ngalokhu. Futhi, ungafunda okuningi ngokujoyina iqembu lokusekelana nabanye ababhekene nezinselele ezifanayo. Ungabi wedwa, cela usizo.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-ADHD ingaphezu nje kokunganaki. Iphinde ithinte imizwa yakho kanye nokulawula imizwa yakho.
- Nakuba lokhu kwandisa ingozi yokubhekana nezinkinga zomthetho, akuwona wonke umuntu one-ADHD oba yisigebengu.
- Le ngozi ingandiswa kakhulu ngokuba nezimo ezifana ne-ODD noma i-CD kanye ne-ADHD.
- Indlela engcono kakhulu yokuqeda lo mjikelezo omubi ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha esifanele kanye nokwelashwa ngokushesha okukhulu . Imithi, ukwelulekwa, kanye nokwelashwa kokuziphatha kubaluleke kakhulu.
- Uma wena noma othile omaziyo enenkinga efana nale, ungesabi noma ube namahloni okucela usizo kudokotela. Akudingeki ubhekane nalokhu wedwa.
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