Ingabe ngezinye izikhathi uyakhathala, ungakwazi ukugxila emsebenzini owodwa, noma uhlale ukhohlwa okuthile? Abantu abaningi bacabanga ukuthi lezi yizinto ezivamile. Kodwa lokhu kungaba uphawu lwesimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-ADHD ( Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder) , okungakhulunywa ngaso kakhulu kodwa esivamile kubantu abadala. Ezimweni eziningi, lesi simo besilokhu sikhona kusukela ebuntwaneni, kodwa kungenzeka ukuthi besikhona kwaze kwaba yilapho umuntu esemdala ngaphandle kokuqashelwa.
Ingabe i-ADHD yabantu abadala ihlukile kune-ADHD yobuntwana?
Yebo, kungashintsha ngezinga elithile. Ukungakhathali okubonakala ebuntwaneni kungase kunciphe njengoba uba umuntu omdala. Kodwa kungase kuphakame ezinye izinkinga esikhundleni salokho.
Cabanga ngalokhu. Unenkinga yokugxila emsebenzini ehhovisi, ingqondo yakho ihlala izulazula. Unenkinga yokuqeda umsebenzi obalulekile ngesikhathi esibekiwe. Noma uhlala ukhohlwa ukuthi ubekaphi okhiye noma isikhwama sakho ekhaya. Unenkinga yokugcina izinto zihlelekile futhi zihlelekile. Usho futhi wenze izinto ngokuphazima kweso (ukungacabangi). Lezi zinto zingaba nomthelela omkhulu emsebenzini wakho, empilweni yomndeni, ebunganeni, ngisho nasekuzethembeni kwakho.
Into ebalulekile ukuthi, i-ADHD akuyona iphutha lakho noma ubuvila bakho. Yisimo sezokwelapha esingelapheka esibangelwa ushintsho ekusebenzeni kobuchopho.
Ukwelashwa okufanayo kunikezwa abantu abadala njengoba kunjalo kubantwana abancane. Kodwa-ke, kudinga ukuhambisana nobudala bakho, izimpawu, nendlela yokuphila. Lokhu kuvame ukuhilela inhlanganisela yezindlela eziningana zokwelapha (ukwelashwa okunezindlela eziningi). Lokhu kusho izinto ezifana nemithi, amasu okuguqula ukuziphatha, ukuqeqeshwa kwamakhono okuphila, kanye nokwelulekwa.
Yimiphi imithi esetshenziswa ekwelapheni?
Imithi iyisisekelo sokwelashwa kwe-ADHD. Kodwa kungathatha isikhathi ukuthola imithi efanele kanye nomthamo ofanele wena. Kuyinto okudingeka usebenze nodokotela wakho futhi uyizame kancane kancane.
Izinhlobo eziyinhloko zemithi
Lena imithi evame kakhulu futhi esetshenziswa kakhulu kwi-ADHD. Le mithi isebenza ngezinga elithile ngokulungisa ukusebenza kwamakhemikhali (ama-neurotransmitter) ebuchosheni ahilelekile ekunakeni nasekulawuleni.
- I-Methylphenidate
- I-Amphetamine
- I-Dextroamphetamine
- I-Lisdexamfetamine
Ngokuvamile udokotelaUzoqala ngomthamo ophansi kakhulu walo muthi. Ngemuva kwalokho umthamo ulungiswa njalo ezinsukwini eziyi-7 kuze kube yilapho imiphumela emibi incipha kodwa izimpawu zilawulwa kahle. Kubantu abadala, imithi esebenza isikhathi eside ivame ukuba yisinqumo esingcono kakhulu. Ngenxa yokuthi isebenza cishe amahora ayi-10-14, ingathathwa kanye ngosuku.
| Imiphumela emibi kanye nezingozi zemithi evuselelayo | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| Imiphumela emibi evamile | Ukulahlekelwa yisifiso sokudla, ukwehla kwesisindo, ukuqwasha, ikhanda elibuhlungu, umlomo owomile, ukushaqeka okuthile, ukukhathazeka, kanye nokwenyuka okuncane komfutho wegazi kanye nokushaya kwenhliziyo. Okuningi kwalokhu kungalawulwa ngokushintsha umthamo. |
| Akufanelekile kubantu abanjalo | Le mithi ayivame ukunikezwa abantu abanezimo ezifana nesifo senhliziyo, umfutho wegazi ophakeme ongalawuleki, isifo sokuphazamiseka kwengqondo, ukukhathazeka, umlando wokulutheka kwezidakamizwa, kanye ne-Tourette's syndrome. Uma unezinye zalezi zimo , kufanele utshele udokotela wakho nakanjani. |
2. Izinto ezingezona ezivuselelayo
Uma imithi evuselelayo ingasebenzi kuwe, udokotela wakho angase ancome lolu hlobo lomuthi. Isibonelo yi-Atomoxetine (Strattera). Le mithi ithatha isikhathi ukusebenza, kodwa isebenza kahle kwabanye abantu.
Lezi akuzona izinketho zokuqala ze-ADHD. Kodwa-ke, eminye imithi yokucindezeleka, ikakhulukazi i-Bupropion (i-Wellbutrin), itholakale isiza ukulawula izimpawu ze-ADHD. Udokotela wakho angase acabangele le mithi, ikakhulukazi uma unesifo sokucindezeleka noma ukukhathazeka kanye ne-ADHD yakho.
Kubaluleke kangakanani ukwelashwa ngenkulumo?
Kubaluleke kakhulu! Ukwelulekwa okuhle kuhlanganiswe nemithi efanele kuyinhlanganisela enamandla kakhulu. Lokhu ngeke kusize wena kuphela, kodwa nomndeni wakho baqonde i-ADHD futhi babhekane nezinkinga ezilethwa yiyo.
Izindlela eziyinhloko zokubonisana
- Ukwelashwa Kokuziphatha Kokuqonda (i-CBT): Kalula nje, kukufundisa ukuthi ungayishintsha kanjani indlela ocabanga futhi wenze ngayo, futhi uthole ukulawula impilo yakho. Kungaba usizo kakhulu ezinkingeni emsebenzini, ebudlelwaneni, ekuphatheni isikhathi, nasekuhleleni izinto.
- Ukwelashwa Komshado Nomndeni: Lokhu kungasiza umndeni wakho ukuthi uqonde ukuthi awenzi lezi zinto ngenxa yokudinwa noma ukunganaki, kodwa ukuthi lesi yisimo sezokwelapha. Kungakusiza futhi ukuthi nikhulumisane kangcono futhi nibone amaphethini abangela izinkinga.
- Umqeqeshi we-ADHD: Lokhu kuyinto entsha kancane. Lo mqeqeshi uyakusiza ngezinto ezingokoqobo. Okusho ukuthi, bakunikeza amathiphu nemibono yokuthi ungahlela kanjani, ubeke imigomo, uphathe isikhathi, futhi uhlele izinto.
Kuthiwani uma unezinye izimo zezokwelapha kanye ne-ADHD?
Leli futhi iphuzu elibaluleke kakhulu. Abantu abane-ADHD banamathuba amaningi okuthola ezinye izinkinga zempilo yengqondo, njengokukhathazeka, ukucindezeleka, kanye nezinkinga zokusebenzisa izidakamizwa.
Ngakho-ke lapho ekwelapheni, udokotela wakho kudingeka acabangele zonke lezi zinto, ngoba imithi yesifo esisodwa ingathinta esinye.
Isibonelo, eminye imithi evuselelayo ye-ADHD ingandisa ukukhathazeka. Ngakho-ke uma unezimo zombili, udokotela wakho uzohlela ukwelashwa kwakho ngokusekelwe esimweni esibangela izinkinga eziningi. Futhi, izifundo zikhombisile ukuthi ukwelapha i-ADHD kahle kungakusiza ukunqoba ukulutheka kwezidakamizwa.
Ngakho-ke, uma ubona noma yiziphi izinguquko noma izimpawu ezintsha, kubaluleke kakhulu ukukhuluma ngokukhululekile nodokotela wakho ngazo. Uma unikeza udokotela wakho ulwazi oluningi, kulapho kuzoba lula khona ukuthi akunike ukwelashwa okufanele kakhulu.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-ADHD akuyona nje into ethinta izingane. Abantu abadala nabo bangaba nalesi simo, futhi bangase bangazi ngisho nokuqaphela.
- Lokhu akusilo ubuvila noma iphutha. Kuyisifo esingelapheka.
- Ukwelashwa akukhona nje ngemithi. Uma imithi, ukwelulekwa (ukwelashwa), kanye nokuqeqeshwa kwamakhono okuphila konke kuhlanganiswa, imiphumela iba yimpumelelo enkulu.
- Kungathatha isikhathi ukuthola umuthi ofanele kanye nomthamo ofanele wena. Yiba nesineke futhi usebenzisane nodokotela wakho ukuthola ofanele.
- Qiniseka ukuthi utshela udokotela wakho nganoma yiziphi ezinye izimo zezokwelapha onazo (njengesifo senhliziyo, umfutho wegazi ophakeme, ukucindezeleka) kanye nanoma yimiphi eminye imithi oyiphuzayo.
- Awuwedwa. Baningi abantu abaphila ngempumelelo nalesi simo. Ukufuna usizo olufanele kuyisinyathelo sokuqala.
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