Ingabe unayo le mbobo emnyama endlini yakho? (Imbobo Emnyama) Ake sithole kahle ngalokhu!

Wake waphawula yini ukuthi kukhona okumnyama, mhlawumbe okuluhlaza okotshani, okunobuthi endaweni ethile ekhaya lakho okumanzi, mhlawumbe odongeni, ekhoneni lendlu yokugezela, noma eduze kwefasitela? Isikhathi esiningi asikunaki kakhulu, kodwa abanye abantu bayesaba kancane uma bebona lesi "sikhunta esimnyama." Ingabe siyingozi ngempela? Sithinta kanjani impilo yethu? Namuhla, sizoxoxa ngakho konke lokhu ngendlela elula ongayiqonda.

Iyini le mbumbulu emnyama?

Kalula nje, isikhunta esimnyama uhlobo lwesikhunta . Kufana nesikhunta esakheka lapho isinkwa sidala, kodwa lesi siluhlaza okotshani noma simnyama. Nakuba kunezinhlobo eziningana zesikhunta esimnyama, abantu abaningi babhekisela ohlotsheni oluthile olubizwa ngokuthi i-_Stachybotrys chartarum_ (S. chartarum) . Lolu hlobo lwesikhunta lukhula ezindaweni ezinezinto ezibizwa ngokuthi i-cellulose . Manje ungase uzibuze ukuthi iyini i-cellulose. Yilokho okusezintweni ezifana nephepha, ukhuni, kanye ne-drywall. Kufana ne-fiber ezithelo nemifino. Isikhunta esimnyama sidinga ukufudumala nomswakama ukuze sikhule. Yingakho sivame ukutholakala emakhaya anezimvula zamanzi, izindlu zangasese, amagumbi angaphansi komhlaba, kanye namafasitela azungezile.

Kodwa khumbula lokhu: Iningi labantu abaphilile alitholi ukugula noma ukufa okungathi sína ngenxa yalesi sikhunta esimnyama, ngakho-ke ungakhathazeki ngokungadingekile.

Ingabe isikhunta esimnyama singasigulisa? Siyingozi kangakanani?

Yebo, abanye abantu bangagula ngenxa yesikhunta esimnyama. Ikakhulukazi uma une-allergy yesikhunta , isikhunta esimnyama singakuthinta nakanjani. Lesi sikhunta esimnyama sikhipha izinhlayiya ezincane ezibizwa ngokuthi ama-spores emoyeni. Futhi, isikhunta sikhipha amakhemikhali abizwa ngokuthi ama-microbial volatile organic compounds (ama-mVOC) . Lelo phunga elibi libangelwa ama-mVOC. Uma une-allergy, lawa ma-spores noma ama-mVOC angabangela izimpawu zokungezwani komzimba. Okwenzekayo ukuthi isimiso sakho somzimba sokuzivikela siyasabela kulokhu futhi sibangele ukuvuvukala ezindaweni ezifana nekhala lakho, amehlo, namaphaphu. Ngisho nakubantu abangenayo i-allergies, lawa ma-mVOC ngezinye izikhathi angabangela ukungakhululeki okuthile. Enye into ukuthi, uma isimiso sakho somzimba sokuzivikela sibuthakathaka (isibonelo, ngenxa yezifo ezithile noma ukuthatha imithi ecindezela isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela komzimba), ukuchayeka kulesi sikhunta esimnyama kungabangela ukutheleleka kwesikhunta, okubizwa ngokuthi i-mycosis , endleleni yakho yokuphefumula noma kwenye indawo. Kodwa-ke, isikhunta esimnyama asiyingozi njengoba abantu abaningi becabanga. Noma yiluphi uhlobo lwesikhunta lungabangela ukungakhululeki kubantu abane-allergies.

Isikhunta esimnyama sisithinta ngokushesha kangakanani? Ubani othinteka kakhulu?

Ukuthi isikhunta esimnyama sikuthinta ngokushesha kangakanani kuncike ekutheni une-allergy noma ukuzwela kuso. Akubona bonke abantu abafanayo , ngakho-ke indlela ozizwa ngayo ingase ihluke endleleni omunye umuntu azizwa ngayo.

• Uma une-allergy ku-black mold, izimpawu zingase zivele ngokushesha nje lapho ama-spores engena emzimbeni.
• Uma kungekho ukungezwani komzimba, kungase kungabi nazimpawu nhlobo, noma kungathatha isikhathi eside ukuthi izimpawu zivele.

Nakuba isikhunta esimnyama singadala ukungakhululeki kunoma ubani, izimpawu zingase zibe zimbi kakhulu kubantu abalandelayo :

• Uma wena noma othile emndenini wakho enesifo sokungezwani komzimba .
• Uma unezifo zokuphefumula ezifana ne -asthma noma i-COPD ( Isifo Esingamahlalakhona Sokuvimbela Amaphaphu ) .
• Uma uvame ukuchayeka esikhumbeni esimnyama ngenxa yomswakama ophezulu kanye nokungena komoya okwanele emsebenzini noma ekhaya.
• Abantu abanezivikeli mzimba ezibuthakathaka.

Kwenzekani uma uphefumula isikhunta esimnyama? Ziyini izimpawu?

Uma une-allergy ku-black mold, uzoba ne-allergy uma uphefumula ama-black mold spores. Yilapho umzimba wakho ubona ama-mold spores “njengomhlaseli” bese uqala ukulwa nawo. Lapho ama-black mold spores engena emzimbeni wakho okokuqala, amasosha omzimba wakho enza uhlobo olukhethekile lwe-antibody olubizwa ngokuthi i-Immunoglobulin E (IgE) . Lawa ma-antibodies e-IgE anamathela kumaseli e-mast aqukethe i-histamine . Lawa maseli atholakala ekhaleni lethu, esikhumbeni, endleleni yokugaya ukudla, kanye nasendleleni yokuphefumula. Ngemuva kwalokho, uma uphinde uvezwa kuma-black mold spores, lawo maseli alungisiwe akhipha i-histamine namanye amakhemikhali. Yile histamine ebangela izimpawu zokungezwani ngokushesha. Ngokuvamile ziqala ngemizuzwana. Amanye amakhemikhali angabangela nokuvuvukala okuqhubekayo. Izimpawu ezivame kakhulu zokuchayeka ku-black mold yilezi:

• Ukuthimula
• Ukukhwehlela
• Ukuminyana kwekhala
• Ukuconsa kwangemva kwempumulo
• Amehlo abomvu

Ukuchayeka ku-black mold nakho kungabhebhethekisa izimpawu ze-asthma . Lokhu kusho ukuthi:

• Ukuphefumula
• Ubunzima bokuphefumula (ukuphelelwa umoya)
• Ukukhwehlela okomile kanye nokuqina kwesifuba

Ingabe izingane zingaba ne-AIPH ngenxa yesikhunta esimnyama?

Cha. Abukho ubufakazi bokuthi ukuchayeka ku-black mold kubangela isimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-acute idiopathic pulmonary hemorrhage (AIPH) ezinganeni. I-AIPH yisimo lapho ukuphuma kwegazi kwenzeka khona emaphashini ezingane. Futhi, abukho ubufakazi bokuthi i-black mold ibangela ukulahlekelwa yinkumbulo, ukuphuma kwegazi njalo ekhaleni, ubuhlungu bomzimba, noma izinkinga zengqondo. Ngakho-ke ungakhathazeki.

Lesi sikhunta esimnyama sakheka kanjani? Sisabalala kanjani?

Isikhunta esimnyama siwukukhula kwemvelo. Ungasithola ezindaweni eziningi emvelweni. Singakhula nasekhaya lakho uma izimo zivuma ukuthi sikhule. Isibonelo, endlini yokugezela, phansi, egumbini lokuwasha, noma kunoma yikuphi ukuvuza kwamanzi. Sidinga izinto ezilandelayo ukuze sikhule:

• Umswakama
• I-oxygen
• Izinga lokushisa eliphakathi kwama-degrees Celsius angu-40 kuya kwangu-100 (4.4 nama-degrees Celsius angu-38)
• Umthombo wokudla oqukethe i-cellulose (isb., i-drywall, iphepha, ukhuni)

Lezi zinhlamvu ezincane zesikhunta esimnyama zikhona yonke indawo endaweni esikuyo. Zingangena emakhaya ethu ngamafasitela, iminyango, kanye nezinhlelo zokungenisa umoya. Zingangena nasemakhaya ethu ngezingubo zethu lapho siphuma ngaphandle, noma emizimbeni yezilwane ezifuywayo. Uma lezi zinhlamvu zithola indawo efanele yokukhula, zikhula ezindaweni ezikude futhi zikhule ngokwanele ukuba zibonwe ngamehlo enyama.

Wazi kanjani ukuthi une-allergy yesikhunta esimnyama? (Ukuxilongwa)

Uma usola ukuthi une-black mold allergy, ungabonana nodokotela we-allergy ukuze akuqinisekise. Angase enze izivivinyo eziningana ngokusekelwe ezimpawini zakho.

Hlobo luni lokuhlolwa okwenziwayo?

• Ukuhlolwa kokubhoboza isikhumba: Lokhu kuhilela ukufaka inani elincane kakhulu lezinto ezibangela ukungezwani komzimba ezimnyama esikhumbeni sakho. Lokhu kuvame ukwenziwa ngokwenza umkrwelo omncane esikhumbeni sebunzi lakho noma emhlane. Uma une-allergy, indawo izophenduka ibe bomvu bese kuvela i-wheal encane kungakapheli imizuzu eyi-15. Lokhu kungenziwa ngaphansi kwehora.
• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi (ukuhlolwa kwegazi kwe-IgE): Lokhu kuhilela ukuthatha isampula encane yegazi lakho nokukala inani lama-antibodies e-IgE akhiqizwa ngokumelene nesikhunta esimnyama. Imiphumela ingathatha isonto lonke ukubuya. Ngezinye izikhathi lokhu kuhlolwa kwegazi kunganikeza imiphumela engamanga. Lokhu kusho ukuthi kungabonisa ukuthi une-allergy yize ungenayo ngempela.

Ukwelapha kanjani ukungezwani komzimba nesikhunta esimnyama?

Ukungezwani komzimba nesikhunta esimnyama akukwazi ukwelapheka ngokuphelele. Kodwa-ke, izimpawu zingalawulwa . Into yokuqala nebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi:Gwema ukuchayeka esikhumbeni esimnyama. Uma kukhona ukuvuza kwamanzi ekhaya lakho, kulungise ngokushesha. Uma kukhona izinto ezikhuntayo, zisuse. Okulandelayo, ungenza okulandelayo ukunciphisa izimpawu:

• Ukunisela impumulo: Ukuhlanza ingaphakathi lempumulo ngamanzi anosawoti.
• Imithi ye-Antihistamine: Amaphilisi noma amasiraphu anciphisa izimpawu zokungezwani komzimba.
• Ama-corticosteroids asekhaleni: Ama-spray anciphisa ukuvuvukala ekhaleni.
• Imithi yokuqeda ukuminyana: Imithi enciphisa ukuminyana kwamakhala (akukuhle ukuyisebenzisa njalo).
• Amaphilisi e-Montelukast: Umuthi osetshenziselwa ukwelapha izimo ezithile zokungezwani komzimba kanye ne-asthma.
• Izifutho ze-asthma: Kulabo abane-asthma.

Uma izimpawu ziqhubeka ngemva kwale mithi, udokotela wakho angase akuncomele imijovo yokungezwani komzimba (immunotherapy) .

Ingabe izihlanzi zomoya ziyasiza ngesikhunta esimnyama?

Yebo futhi cha. Izihlanzi zomoya zingasiza ekususeni ama-spores esikhunta emoyeni . Kodwa-ke, azikwazi ukususa isikhunta esakheke ezindaweni ezifana nezindonga.

Uyibulala kanjani isikhunta esimnyama ngokushesha?

Uma unesikhunta ekhaya lakho, akulula ukusisusa. Uma uzama ukusisusa wena, ama-spores angaphenduka umoya (aerosolized) asakazeke kwezinye izindawo zasekhaya. Into engcono kakhulu ongayenza ukulungisa noma yikuphi ukuvuza kwamanzi kuqala. Bese usebenzisa umshini onesihlungi se-HEPA (Isihlungi se-High-Efficiency Particulate Air) ukuze unciphise ama-spores emoyeni, uvale igumbi ngesikhunta, bese uqasha uchwepheshe ukuthi asuse isikhunta.

Ingabe ngidinga ukuhlanza umzimba ngemva kokuchayeka esikhumbeni esimnyama?

Abantu abaningi bacabanga ukuthi lesi sikhunta sibangela ubuthi emzimbeni nokuthi kudingeka 'basuse ubuthi' kuso. Kodwa-ke, akukafakazelwa ngokwezokwelapha ukuthi ubuthi besikhunta bubangela ukugula kubantu. Ngakho-ke, asikho isidingo 'sokususa ubuthi' obukhethekile. Into engcono kakhulu ongayenza ukugwema izindawo ezinesikhunta, futhi uma unezimpawu, funa ukwelashwa.

Ungayinciphisa kanjani ingozi yokuba ne-black mold allergy? (Ukuvimbela)

Akunakwenzeka ukuvimbela ukungezwani komzimba nesikhunta esimnyama. Kodwa-ke, kunezinto ongazenza ukuvimbela ukukhula kwesikhunta esimnyama ekhaya lakho :

• Nciphisa umswakama ekhaya lakho. Zama ukugcina umswakama uphakathi kuka-30% no-50%.
• Uma kukhona ukuvuza kwamanzi ekhaya lakho, njengasemapayipini, ezindongeni, noma ophahleni, kulungise ngokushesha .
• Susa amakhaphethi amanzi, omata, izindwangu, ama-drywall, kanye namathayela ophahla uma engakamiswa kahle.
• Sebenzisa amafeni okukhipha umoya endlini yokugezela nasekhishini.
• Isihlungi somoya sekhwalithi enhle sohlelo lwe-HVAC lwekhaya lakhoFaka. Qiniseka ukuthi akukho ukuvuza kulolo hlelo, futhi uhlale ululungisa uchwepheshe.

Yini okufanele uyenze uma une-allergy yesikhunta esimnyama?

Ama-spores esikhunta atholakala yonke indawo, ngakho-ke akunakwenzeka ukuwagwema ngokuphelele. Uma uhlala ezindaweni lapho kukhona khona isikhunta, ungase ube nezimpawu zokungezwani komzimba. Kodwa-ke, uma unciphisa inani lezindawo ekhaya lakho lapho isikhunta singakhula khona, unganciphisa ukuvezwa kwakho . Ngemuva kwalokho, ungalawula izimpawu zakho ngemithi. Ngezinye izikhathi, ngemva kokwelashwa nge-immunotherapy, ungangena esimweni sokungabi nazimpawu. Uma usola ukuthi une-black mold allergy, bheka udokotela noma udokotela we-allergy ukuze akuqinisekise.

Kufanele ubonane nini nodokotela?

Uma unezimpawu zokungezwani komzimba nesikhunta esimnyama, ikakhulukazi uma lezo zimpawu zithinta impilo yakho yansuku zonke , bona udokotela.

Yimiphi imibuzo okufanele uyibuze udokotela?

• Ungabona kanjani ukuthi nginesifo sokungezwani komzimba nesikhunta esimnyama?
• Yimiphi imithi yokungezwani komzimba oyincomayo?
• Iyini imiphumela emibi yalezo zidakamizwa?
• Ingabe ngidinga ukuthatha lo muthi nsuku zonke, noma kwanele ukuwuthatha kuphela uma kuvela izimpawu?
• Uma nginesinye isimo sempilo, ngingasiphatha kanjani kanye nalesi simo sokungezwani komzimba?

Uyini umehluko phakathi kweBlack Mold kanye neMildew?

Igama elithi "Mildew" alilona igama elithile. Abanye abantu balisebenzisa ukubhekisela ekubonakaleni kwesikhunta ebusweni. Abanye balisebenzisa ukubhekisela ezinhlotsheni ezithile zesikhunta. Isikhunta esimnyama siyisikhunta esikhula ezindaweni ezifudumele nezimanzi. Ama-spores aso angabangela ukusabela kokungezwani komzimba ohlelweni lwakho lokuzivikela komzimba. Lokhu kungabangela izimpawu ezifana nokukhwehlela, ukuthimula, ikhala elivalekile, namehlo abomvu. Kodwa-ke, akuvamile ukubangela ukugula okukhulu kubantu. Uma unezimpawu zokungezwani komzimba nesikhunta esimnyama, bheka udokotela. Angakuhlola ukuze aqinisekise ukungezwani komzimba futhi akunikeze imithi yokusiza ukuvimbela izimpawu.

Izinto ezibaluleke kakhulu okufanele uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Kulungile, ngakho ake sikukhumbuze futhi ngamaphuzu abaluleke kakhulu kulokho esikhulume ngakho:

• Isikhunta esimnyama siyisikhunta esikhula ezindaweni ezimanzi. Asithinti wonke umuntu ngendlela efanayo.
• Uma une-allergy ngenxa yesikhunta, cishe uzothinteka kakhulu. Izimpawu zingase zihlanganise ukuthimula, ukukhwehlela, ukuminyana kwamakhala, kanye namehlo abomvu.
• Isikhunta esimnyama asiyona ingozi kakhulu uma siqhathaniswa nezinye izinhlobo zesikhunta. Ungakhathazeki.
• Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukulawula umswakama ekhaya lakho nokuvimbela ukukhula kwesikhunta. Lungisa noma yikuphi ukuvuza kwamanzi futhi uqinisekise ukuthi kunomoya omuhle.
• Qaphela lapho ususa isikhunta. Uma kungenzeka, funa usizo lochwepheshe.
• Uma unezimpawu, funa iseluleko sezokwelapha. Kunezindlela zokwelapha ezifanele zalokho.
• Azikho izindlela ezikhethekile 'zokususa ubuthi' ezidingekayo. Into ebalulekile ukuhlala kude nendawo ekhuntile futhi welaphe izimpawu.

Ngakho-ke, ngithemba ukuthi lolu lwazi luwusizo kuwe. Uma unenkinga efanayo ekhaya lakho, ungesabi bese ulandela izinyathelo ezifanele.

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Isikhunta Esimnyama, Isikhunta Esimnyama, Izinhlobo Zesikhunta, Isikhunta, Ukungezwani Nomzimba, Izifo Zokuphefumula, Ukuswakama Kwasekhaya, I-Stachybotrys chartarum, I-Mold Spores, Ukungezwani Nomzimba Kwesikhunta