Ikhala lakho lihlala livalekile, kunzima ukuphefumula, awukwazi ukuhogela noma ukunambitha lutho, uhlala ugobhoza impumulo... Ingabe ubulokhu ubhekene nalezi zimpawu isikhathi eside? Mhlawumbe imbangela yalokhu i-rhinosinusitis engapheli, okuwukuvuvukala kwesikhathi eside kwama-sinuses okuza namathumba amancane (ama-polyps ekhaleni) akhula ngaphakathi kwekhala lakho. Nakuba abantu abaningi bengakulawula lokhu ngezifutho zamakhala namaphilisi, abanye abantu abalulami ngokugcwele kungakhathaliseki ukuthi bathatha isikhathi esingakanani lokhu kwelashwa. Namuhla, sizokhuluma ngokwelashwa okusha okungasiza abantu abanjalo, futhi kusebenza ngendlela ehlukile. Lokhu ukwelashwa ngomjovo okubizwa nge-Xolair.
Okokuqala, ake sibone ukuthi iyini i-sinusitis enama-polyps ekhaleni?
Kalula nje, imigodi egcwele umoya ekhanda elizungeze ikhala lethu ibizwa ngokuthi ama-sinuses. I-rhinosinusitis engapheli yilapho ama-sinuses kanye nolwelwesi lwekhala kuvuvukala futhi kuvuvukala isikhathi eside, okuhlala isikhathi esingaphezu kwezinyanga ezintathu. Lapho lokhu kuvuvukala kuqhubeka, ukukhula okuncane, okuthambile ( ama-polyps ) abukeka njengamagilebhisi aqala ukukhula kwezinye izingxenye zolwelwesi.
Esikhathini esiningi, la ma-polyp awabangeli zimpawu. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi, ayakhula futhi aqale ukuvimba imigudu yamakhala kanye nama-sinuses. Yilapho izinkinga ziqala khona.
- Ukuminyana kwamakhala : Ikhala lihlala livalekile.
- Impumulo egobhozayo: Ukuphuma njalo kwe-mucus.
- Ukulahlekelwa iphunga nokunambitheka : Awukwazi ukuhogela ubumnandi bokudla noma iphunga lembali.
- Ubuhlungu be-sinus : Uma i-mucus ingakwazi ukuphuma emigodini ye-sinus, inganqwabelana, ibangele ubuhlungu kanye nengcindezi. Ngezinye izikhathi, lokhu kungatheleleka .
Into eyinhloko ekwelapheni lesi simo ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala ekhaleni nasema-sinuses. Ngemuva kwalokho ama-polyp azoncipha futhi izimpawu zizoqala ukuncipha.
Usebenza kanjani umuthi wokugomela i-Xolair?
Lo muthi obizwa ngokuthi i-Xolair uqukethe isithako esisebenzayo i-omalizumab. Isenzo sawo sikhethekile kakhulu. Uhlasela ngqo ingxenye yesimiso somzimba wethu sokuzivikela.
Cabanga ngomzimba wethu njengenqaba. Lapho into ebangela ukungezwani komzimba ingena kule nqaba, "abaqaphi" bomzimba wethu baqala ukusebenza ngokushesha futhi baqale ukulwa nayo. Omunye walaba "baqaphi" yiprotheni ebizwa ngokuthi i-Immunoglobulin E (IgE) . Kubantu abanalesi simo, lo mqaphi, obizwa ngokuthi i-IgE, usebenza kakhulu. Usabela ngokweqile ngisho nasezintweni ezincane kakhulu, okubangela ukuvuvukala okungadingekile kanye nokuvuvukala ngaphakathi kwekhala.
Lokho okwenziwa umuthi wokugomela i-Xolair ukuvimba ukusebenza kweprotheni ye-IgE esebenza ngokweqile. Kufana nokuthulisa unogada okhathazekile. Lapho i-IgE iyeka ukusebenza, impendulo yokungezwani komzimba kanye nokuvuvukala, ukubomvu, kanye ne-mucus ebangela kuyalawulwa. Lokhu kubangela ukuthi ama-polyp asekhaleni anciphe futhi izimpawu ziqale ukuthuthuka.
Kalula nje, i-Xolair iyisidakamizwa sesimanje esihlose impendulo yomzimba eyisisekelo ebangela izimpawu, kunokuba sizicindezele.
Ubani ofanele lolu hlobo lokwelashwa?
Akuwona wonke umuntu onalesi simo onikwa i-Xolair ngesikhathi esisodwa. Ukwelashwa kuvame ukwenziwa isinyathelo ngesinyathelo.
| Izinyathelo zokwelapha | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| Isinyathelo Sokuqala: Ama-Corticosteroids Angaphakathi Kwempumulo | Abantu abaningi baqale banikezwe lezi zifutho. Zisiza ekunciphiseni ukuvuvukala ekhaleni. Uma izimpawu zingalawulwa ngemva kwezinyanga ezimbalwa uzisebenzisa, qhubekela esinyathelweni esilandelayo. |
| Isinyathelo Sesibili: Amaphilisi e-steroid esikhathi esifushane (ama-Corticosteroids omlomo) | Ezimweni ezinzima zezimpawu, udokotela wakho angase akunikeze inkambo yesikhashana yamaphilisi e-steroid. |
| Ezinye izinketho: Ukuhlinzwa | Abanye abantu baze badingeke bahlinzwe ukuze kususwe ama-polyp ekhaleni. |
| Uma ucabanga ngokwelashwa nge-Xolair | Udokotela ubheka lokhu kwelashwa komjovo okubizwa nge-Xolair njengolunye ukhetho oluhle kulabo abasahlushwa yizimpawu ezinzima ngisho nangemva kokwelashwa okukhulunywe ngakho ngenhla. |
Ingabe lo muthi uyasebenza ngempela?
Yebo. Kuye kwenziwa izivivinyo ezimbili ezinkulu zezokwelapha, i-POLYP 1 kanye ne-POLYP 2, ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kahle kwalomuthi. Bonke abahlanganyeli kulezi zivivinyo kwakungabantu ababesebenzisa i-nasal spray nsuku zonke kodwa besahlushwa izimpawu.
Imiphumela ibonise ukuthi labo abathole umuthi wokugomela i-Xolair babe nokwehla okukhulu kwenani lama-polyp ekhaleni . Izimpawu zabo zokuminyana kwekhala nazo zehle kakhulu.
Isetshenziswa kanjani i-Xolair? Futhi izophola ngokushesha kangakanani?
I-Xolair iwumjovo owuketshezi. Ijovwa ngaphansi kwesikhumba . Ivame ukunikezwa njalo emavikini ama-2 kuya kwangama-4 . Ukuthi udinga kangaki nokuthi udinga malini kuzonqunywa udokotela wakho ngokusekelwe esisindweni sakho kanye namazinga e-IgE egazini.
- Imithamo embalwa yokuqala: Uzonikezwa imithamo embalwa yokuqala yalo muthi ngaphansi kokuqashwa kwezokwelapha esibhedlela noma emtholampilo. Lokhu kwenzelwa ukuqapha noma yikuphi ukusabela kokungezwani komzimba okungase kwenzeke kwabanye abantu.
- Bese ekhaya: Uma ungenazo izinkinga, ngemvume kadokotela wakho, ungaqeqeshwa ukuzinikeza lo muthi wokugoma ekhaya. Kukhona idivayisi elula ukuyisebenzisa, egcwaliswe kusengaphambili ebizwa ngokuthi ``autoinjector'' yalokhu.
- Imiphumela: Ngokuvamile uzobona ukuthuthuka kwezimpawu zakho phakathi nenyanga yokuqala yokuqala ukwelashwa. Izimpawu zingase ziqhubeke zithuthuka ezinyangeni ezimbalwa ezizayo.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi, ungalokothi uyeke ukuthatha lo muthi noma eminye imithi enikezwe udokotela wakho ngaphandle kokukhuluma nodokotela wakho, noma ngabe izimpawu zakho ziyathuthuka. Uma wenza kanjalo, izimpawu zakho zingase zibuye.
Ake sifunde ngemiphumela emibi kanye nokuphepha.
Njengayo yonke imithi, kunethuba lemiphumela emibi. Kodwa-ke, imiphumela emibi emibi ayivamile kakhulu.
Okubaluleke kakhulu, abanye abantu baba nokusabela okukhulu kokungezwani komzimba (i-anaphylaxis) ngemva komthamo wokuqala.Lokhu kungabangela ubunzima obungazelelwe bokuphefumula, ukuvuvukala, kanye nesiyezi. Lesi yisimo esiphuthumayo.
Yingakho uthola umthamo wakho wokuqala esibhedlela noma emtholampilo ngenxa yaleyo ngozi. Bese kuthi, uma kunenkinga, kube nabasebenzi bezokwelapha abaqeqeshiwe ukuze bayelaphe. Ngakho akudingeki ukhathazeke ngayo.
Ngaphandle kwalokhu, imiphumela emibi emincane efana nokubomvu, ukulunywa, kanye nobuhlungu kungase kwenzeke endaweni yokujova. Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi izimpawu ezingavamile, yazisa udokotela wakho ngokushesha.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-sinusitis engapheli ene-nasal polyps (CRSwNP) akuyona umkhuhlane ovamile, kodwa yisimo sesikhathi eside.
- I-Xolair iyindlela yokwelapha yesimanje ejovwayo ecatshangelwayo kubantu abangasabeli ekwelashweni okujwayelekile (izifutho zamakhala, amaphilisi e-steroid).
- Lokhu kuvimbela ukusebenza kweprotheni ebizwa ngokuthi i-IgE, ehilelekile ezimpendulweni zomzimba zokungezwani komzimba, futhi kunciphisa ukuvuvukala kwamakhala kanye nama-polyps.
- Lona umuthi wokugomela onikezwa ngaphansi kwesikhumba njalo emavikini ama-2-4. Umthamo wokuqala kumele unikezwe ngaphansi kokuqashwa ngudokotela.
- Uma unalezi zimpawu noma ufuna ukwazi okwengeziwe ngalolu hlobo lokwelashwa, kubaluleke kakhulu ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho.
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