Uyazi ngesitha esincane endaweni ezungezile? Ake sixoxe nge-Blastomycosis!

Sonke sithanda ukuchitha isikhathi ngaphandle, emvelweni, akunjalo? Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi, ngaphandle kokwazi, singakhathazwa yizidalwa ezincane ezisizungezile. I-Blastomycosis yisifo esibangelwa isikhunta esincane, esingabonakali esibizwa ngokuthi i-Blastomyces esingena emzimbeni ngokuphefumula. Siqala njengomkhuhlane futhi ngezinye izikhathi singasakazeka sisuka emaphashini siye kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba. Ngakho-ke, ake sixoxe ngalokhu ngemininingwane ethe xaxa namuhla, ngoba ukuqwashisa kuyindlela engcono kakhulu yokuzivikela.

Kuyini i-Blastomycosis? Kalula nje...

Kalula nje, i-Blastomycosis igciwane elibangelwa isikhunta esibizwa ngokuthi i-Blastomyces . Le khunta ihlala kakhulu enhlabathini emanzi nasezingodweni ezibolile , ikakhulukazi ezindaweni eziseduze namanzi. Ngokungafani namakhowe amakhulu esiwabonayo, lena yikhunta encane kakhulu ukuthi ingabonakala ngamehlo enyama. Uma umba inhlabathi noma uvunguza uthuli endaweni enjalo, ama-spores ale khunta angangena emoyeni bese ephefumulwa. Esikhathini esidlule, yayibizwa nangokuthi isifo sikaGilchrist noma isifo saseChicago.

Ziyini izimpawu zalesi sifo?

Izimpawu ze-Blastomycosis zingahluka kancane kumuntu nomuntu. Futhi, ngokumangazayo, akuwona wonke umuntu othelelekile ngale fungus ozoba nezimpawu. Ezinye izifundo ziphakamisa ukuthi cishe ingxenye yalabo abathelelekile ayibonisi nhlobo izimpawu . Kodwa-ke, uma kuvela izimpawu, ngokuvamile zingafaka:

• Ukuba nomkhuhlane .
• Ukuzizwa sengathi uzobanda (Ukugodola).
• Ukuzizwa ukhathele futhi ukhathele ngaso sonke isikhathi.
• Ukukhwehlela . Ngezinye izikhathi ukukhwehlela kungahlala isikhathi eside.
• Ubunzima bokuphefumula (ukuphelelwa umoya) noma umuzwa wokuqina kwesifuba.
• Ubuhlungu bomzimba, ubuhlungu bemisipha .
• Abanye abantu bangase bakhwehlele igazi .
• Ukujuluka ebusuku .
• Izilonda zesikhumba, izilonda, amaqhubu noma amabhamuza nazo zingase zivele. Ake sibheke lokhu ngokuningiliziwe.

Ibukeka kanjani i-Blastomyces dermatitidis esikhumbeni?

I-Blastomycosis ngezinye izikhathi ingasakazeka ngaphandle kwamaphaphu, ikakhulukazi esikhumbeni. Yingakho siyibiza ngokuthi i-Blastomyces dermatitidis . Uma kwenzeka esikhumbeni kanje, ingabukeka ngendlela ehlukile.

• Njengezimbobo ezinkulu.
• Njengezinhlungu .
• Njengezilonda .
• Mhlawumbe leziKungaba amanxeba amakhulu, avulekile, noma kungaba amaqhubu avaliwe .
• Ngokuvamile lezi ziba nezikhwehlela noma zibe uqweqwe bese ziqala ukuxebuka.

Uma unenkinga yesikhumba efana nale, ikakhulukazi uma ihambisana nezimpawu ezifana nomkhuhlane nokukhwehlela, kubaluleke kakhulu ukubona udokotela.

Kungani sithola i-Blastomycosis? Ziyini izimbangela?

Imbangela eyinhloko yalesi sifo izinhlobo eziningana zesikhunta ezibizwa ngokuthi i-Blastomyces . Phakathi kwazo, i-Blastomyces dermatitidis (B. dermatitidis) uhlobo olusibangela izifo eziningi.

Ngakho-ke, ikuphi le fungus evame kakhulu?

I-Blastomyces iyi-fungus ekhula ezindaweni zasemanzini . Ikhula kahle enhlabathini emanzi nasezingodweni ezibolayo, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezifana nogu lomfula kanye nasezansi kwechibi. Kubikwe ukuthi ivela ezingxenyeni eziningi zomhlaba, kodwa ivame kakhulu ezingxenyeni ezithile zaseNyakatho Melika . Ngokukhethekile:

• Kuvame kakhulu emazweni aseMidwestern US , ikakhulukazi eWisconsin naseMinnesota.
• Ezifundeni zaseNingizimu-mpumalanga kanye naseNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-US .
• Eningizimu-mpumalanga yeKhanada . Ezindaweni ezifana ne-Ontario, iQuebec, iManitoba, neSaskatchewan.
• Ngaphezu kwalokho, iziguli zibikwe futhi zivela ezifundeni ezisenyakatho-mpumalanga ye-United States (e-US Northeast).

Nakuba lokhu kungavamile kakhulu eSri Lanka, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela uma uhamba ezindaweni ezinjalo noma usebenza ezimweni ezinjalo zemvelo.

Lesi sifo sisakazeka kanjani kithi?

I-Blastomycosis ibangelwa ukuphefumula ama-spores e-fungus i-Blastomyces, aphuma emoyeni esuka enhlabathini emanzi noma okhunini olubolayo. La ma-spores aqala ukukhula emaphashini akho. Ngezinye izikhathi, angasakazekela kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba wakho ngegazi lakho .

Kube nemibiko yokuthi kuxutshwa inhlabathi eningi ngesikhathi semisebenzi emikhulu yokwakha noma yokumba, okwaholela ekutheni abantu abaningi batheleleke ngesikhathi esisodwa.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi i-blastotomycosis ayithelelani. Lokhu kusho ukuthi awukwazi ukuyibamba ngokukhuluma, ukuxhawulana, noma ukuba seduze nomuntu onesifo.

Ubani osengozini enkulu yokuthola lesi sifo?

Noma ubani ohlala noma ohambela izindawo lapho i-Blastomyces ivame khona usengozini yokuthola lesi sifo. Kodwa-ke, kunabantu abathile abasengozini enkulu kancane. Ake sibheke ukuthi bangobani:

• Uma umsebenzi wakho noma into oyenzayo ihilela ukuthutha inhlabathi noma ukusebenza eduze kwemifula noma amachibi :
• Abantu abasebenza emkhakheni wokwakha.
• Abantu abaya kozingela (Ukuzingela).
• Ukudoba.
• Abantu abaya ekhempini.
• Abaqwali bezintaba (Ukuhamba ngezinyawo).
• Akuvamile kakhulu, kube nezimo lapho odokotela bezilwane bethole lesi sifo ngenaliti engcolile ngenkathi belapha isilwane esinalesi sifo.

Futhi, abanye abantu basengozini enkulu yokuthola izinkinga noma ukuba mandundu kwalesi sifo uma bethola lesi sifo. Lezi yizi:

• Abantu abanesimiso somzimba sokuzivikela esibuthakathaka . Isibonelo, abantu abane-HIV noma labo abathatha imithi yokucindezela amasosha omzimba basengozini enkulu.
• Abantu abanezifo zamaphaphu ezingamahlalakhona njenge-COPD (Isifo Sokuvimbela Amaphaphu Esingamahlalakhona) .
• Abantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-50 ubudala .

Yiziphi izinkinga ezingaba khona ngenxa yalesi sifo?

Izinkinga ezimbili eziyinhloko ze-blastomycosis yi- acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) kanye nokusabalala kwe-fungus kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba. Kusukela emaphashini, i-fungus ingahamba egazini futhi ithinte izitho ezifana nalezi:

• Isikhumba : Njengoba sishilo ngaphambili, izilonda zesikhumba kanye namaqhubu kungenzeka.
• Amathambo : Ukutheleleka kungasakazekela emathanjeni, kubangele ubuhlungu nokuvuvukala.
• Isimiso sezinzwa esiyinhloko : Lokhu kusho ukuthi uma sisakazekela ezindaweni ezibalulekile njengobuchopho nomgogodla, singaba yingozi kakhulu.

Odokotela basithola kanjani lesi sifo? (Ukuxilongwa)

Uma usola ukuthi une-blastomycosis, udokotela uzokubuza ngezimpawu zakho bese ekuxilonga. Ngemuva kwalokho, bangenza izivivinyo ezinjengalezi ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa:

• Kungase kuthathwe isampula yegazi lakho, umchamo , noma isikhwehlela (i-phlegm evela emaphashini) .
• Uma unezilonda zesikhumba, ucezu oluncane lwezicubu (i-biopsy) lungathathwa esilondeni bese luthunyelwa ukuze luhlolwe.

Lawa masampula athunyelwa elabhorethri bese ehlolwa okulandelayo:

• Ukuzama ukutshala isikhunta se-Blastomyces : Lena yindlela engcono kakhulu yokuqinisekisa lesi sifo. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kungathatha amasonto ambalwa, ngakho udokotela wakho angase aqale ukwelashwa ngaphambi kwalokho.
• Ukuhlolwa kokuba khona kwemvubelo yeBlastomyces: Ubuchwepheshe be-PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) bungasetshenziswa ukuthola ukuba khona kwe-DNA evela kule fungus kusampula yezicubu noma uketshezi lomzimba.
• Ungahlola umzimba wakho ukuthola ama-antibodies noma ama-antigen ngokumelene ne-Blastomyces fungus .

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ungase futhi wenze i -X-ray yesifuba noma i-CT scan (i-Computed Tomography scans) ukuhlola isimo samaphaphu akho.

Usola kanjani ukuthi une-blastomycosis?

Izimpawu ze-blastotomycosis zingafana kakhulu nezezinye izifo, njenge -pneumonia . Ngakho-ke kungaba nzima ngezinye izikhathi ukuyibona. Kodwa-ke, qaphela uma uhlangabezana nanoma yikuphi kwalokhu okulandelayo:

• Uma unezimpawu ezifana nomkhuhlane, ukukhwehlela, nobunzima bokuphefumula, futhi ungalulami naphezu kokuthatha ama-antibiotic , noma uma ukugula kwakho kubonakala kuba kubi kakhulu.
• Uma uhlala endaweni lapho isikhunta se-Blastomyces sivame khona, noma usanda kuhamba endaweni enjalo .
• Uma umsebenzi wakho noma into oyithandayo ihilela indawo enothuli nothuli .

Uma kukhona into efana nale, kubaluleke kakhulu ukubona udokotela bese umtshela le mininingwane.

Iyini indlela yokwelapha lokhu?

Odokotela belapha i-blastotomycosis ngokwelashwa nge-antifungal . Imithi emibili eyinhloko esetshenziswayo yi -amphotericin B (amB) kanye ne-itraconazole . Kwezinye izimo ezinzima, ama-corticosteroids anganikezwa futhi ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala emzimbeni.

Kwenzekani ngemva kokwelashwa? Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukululama?

Into ebalulekile ukuthi i-Blastomycosis ayisona isifo esizivimbelayo . Ngokuqinisekile kuzodingeka uthathe imithi yokukhunta. Ngokuvamile, kuzodingeka uthathe le mithi amasonto ambalwa. Kodwa-ke, kwezinye izimo, kungadingeka uthathe ukwelashwa unyaka noma ngaphezulu . Amacala anjalo afaka:

• Uma unesifo esibi kakhulu .
• Uma isikhunta sesisabalale ngale kwamaphaphu saya kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba .
• Uma unesifo samaphaphu esingamahlalakhona .
• Uma amasosha omzimba wakho esengozini .

Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukulandela imiyalelo kadokotela ngqo nokuphuza imithi ngesikhathi.

Lingakanani izinga lokusinda kwalesi sifo?

Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi uma uba ne-blastomycosis,Iningi labantu liyalulama linethuba elingaphezu kuka-90% lokululama. Kodwa-ke, njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, abantu abanesifo samaphaphu esingamahlalakhona kanye nalabo abanamasosha omzimba abuthakathaka basengozini yokuthola izinkinga ezinkulu nezisongela ukuphila. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuxilonga lesi sifo kusenesikhathi bese uqala ukwelashwa.

Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela?

Uma unezinye zalezi zimpawu, qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela:

• Uma izimpawu zomkhuhlane noma umkhuhlane, njengomkhuhlane, ukukhwehlela, nobunzima bokuphefumula, zingathuthuki ngemva kwesonto , noma uma ukugula kubonakala kuba kubi kakhulu ngokuhamba kwesikhathi .
• Uma ucabanga ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi uke wavezwa yi-fungus ebangela i-blastomycosis ngomsebenzi wakho noma izinto ozithandayo , noma uma uke waya endaweni lapho i-fungus ivame khona , tshela udokotela wakho .

Kufanele ngiye nini e-Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) ?

Ngezinye izikhathi izimpawu zingaba zimbi kakhulu. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, kufanele uye ekamelweni eliphuthumayo ngokushesha. Izimpawu ezinjalo ezinzima zifaka:

• Umkhuhlane ophakeme kakhulu (ngaphezu kuka-103 Fahrenheit/40 Celsius).
• Ukuphefumula okunzima noma okungazelelwe .
• Ubuhlungu besifuba .
• Ukukhwehlela igazi .
• Ukudideka noma ezinye izinguquko zengqondo .
• Izimpawu zesifo sokuwa (Ukuquleka) .
• Ukushintsha kombala wesikhumba, izindebe, noma izinzipho (i-cyanosis) .

Uma ubona into efana nale, ungalibali, hamba uye esibhedlela ngokushesha.

Yimiphi imibuzo okufanele ngiyibuze udokotela wami?

Uma uya kudokotela, kungaba usizo ukubuza imibuzo efana nale:

• Ingabe ngisengozini enkulu yokuthola i-blastotomycosis enzima ?
• Ingabe zikhona yini izinyathelo zokuphepha ezithile engingazithatha ukuze nginciphise ingozi yami ye-blastomycosis?
• Kufanele ngiyisebenzise kanjani imithi yami ?
• Yiziphi izimpawu ezinzima okufanele ngikhathazeke ngazo ?

Buza imibuzo efana nale bese ususa ukungabaza kwakho.

Sizivikela kanjani ku-Blastomycosis? (Ukuvimbela)

Uma uhlala endaweni lapho i-Blastomyces ivame khona, kungaba nzima ukugwema ngokuphelele ukuphefumula le fungus. Kodwa-ke, kunezinto ezimbalwa ongazenza ukuze unciphise ingozi yakho:

• Gwema ukuvunguza inhlabathi nothuli oluningi, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni eziseduze namanzi .
• Uma umsebenzi wakho noma into oyithandayo ikubeka enhlabathini engase ibe ne-Blastomyces, gqoka imaski yokuphefumula efana ne-N95 (noma i-KN95) . Lokhu kuzosiza ekuhlungeni umoya owuphefumulayo futhi kunciphise ukungena kwe-spores yesikhunta.

Ingabe isikhunta seBlastomyces singatholakala endlini?

Ngokuvamile, amathuba okuba nesikhunta se-Blastomyces endlini yakho aphansi kakhulu. Ngaphandle kokuthi unenhlabathi ezingutsheni zakho ngaphandle, usengozini. Ngenxa yokuthi lesi sikhunta sikhula ngokhuni olubolayo kanye nenhlabathi emanzi, ngeke siphile ngemva kokugeza izingubo zakho.

Okokugcina, izinto okufanele uzikhumbule

Akukho okufana nokuphefumula umoya omusha ngaphandle, akunjalo? Kodwa, njengathi, ezinye izidalwa zithanda indawo yangaphandle. Lokho kusho ukuthi isikhunta esifana neBlastomyces ngezinye izikhathi singakhula ezindaweni ezingezona ezazo, njengamaphaphu ethu.

Ingxenye engcono kakhulu ukuthi i-Blastomycosis iyisifo esingelapheka . Kodwa-ke, udokotela kufanele akwazi ukusixilonga futhi enze izivivinyo ezifanele. Ngakho-ke, uma ubulokhu usendaweni lapho i-Blastomyces kungenzeka ukuthi ikhona khona futhi unezimpawu ezifana nomkhuhlane kanye nokubanda isikhathi esingaphezu kwesonto, qiniseka ukuthi utshela udokotela wakho. Ukuqala ukwelashwa kusenesikhathi kungasiza ekuvimbeleni ukusabalala kwesikhunta futhi kuvimbele lesi sifo ukuba siqhubeke. Ngakho-ke, qaphela, qaphela!

I- Blastomycosis, i-Blastomycosis, ukutheleleka ngefungus, isifo samaphaphu, isifo sesikhumba, ubunzima bokuphefumula, ukukhwehlela