Kwabesifazane abaningi, ukunqamuka kokuya esikhathini, isikhathi lapho ukuya esikhathini kuphela khona ngokuguga, kungaba isikhathi esinzima. Abantu abaningi bazizwa bengakhululekile ngenxa yezinto ezifana nokushisa, ukujuluka njalo, kanye nokungalali. Ngakho-ke, ukwelashwa okudumile odokotela abakuncomayo ukulawula lezi zimpawu yi -Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT). Kodwa abantu abaningi banemibuzo nokwesaba ngalokhu kwelashwa kwe-HRT, ikakhulukazi mayelana nokuthi ngabe kuyingozi yini yokuthola umdlavuza webele. Ake sixoxe ngakho konke ngokucacile nangokulula namuhla.
Iyini i-HRT? Yenzani?
Kalula nje, ukunqamuka kokuya esikhathini yisikhathi lapho umzimba wowesifazane ukhiqiza khona i-estrogen ne-progestin encane ngokwemvelo. I-HRT iyindlela yokwelapha ethatha indawo yala ma-hormone ngendlela yemithi. Lokhu kungasiza ekulawuleni izimpawu zokunqamuka kokuya esikhathini ngezinga elikhulu.
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko ze-HRT:
1. I-HRT ehlanganisiwe ( i-estrogen ne-progestin ): Lolu hlobo lunikezwa abesifazane abaningi abangakasuswa isibeletho sabo. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ukuthatha i-estrogen yodwa kungandisa ingozi yomdlavuza wesibeletho. I-hormone ye-progestin iyanciphisa leyo ngozi.
2. I-HRT ye-estrogen kuphela: Lokhu kunikezwa kuphela abesifazane abaye bakhishwa i-hysterectomy ngoba abasengozini yokuthola umdlavuza wesibeletho.
Ingabe kukhona ngempela ukuxhumana phakathi kwe-HRT kanye nengozi yomdlavuza webele?
Yebo, ucwaningo luthole ukuthi kukhona ukuxhumana. Ucwaningo olubaluleke kakhulu nolukhulu ngalokhu yi-Women's Health Initiative (WHI). Imiphumela yayibaluleke kakhulu.
Ngokwalolo cwaningo, abesifazane abathatha ama-hormone e-estrogen kanye ne-progestin (i-HRT ehlanganisiwe) banengozi ekhulayo kancane yokuba nomdlavuza webele .
Akukhona lokho kuphela, kodwa kukhona nenye inkinga enkulu. Lokhu kwelashwa ngama-hormone kubangela ukuthi izicubu zebele ziqine. Ngemuva kwalokho, ukunemba kokuhlolwa kwe-mammogram esikusebenzisa ukuthola umdlavuza webele kusenesikhathi kungase kunciphe. Lokho kusho ukuthi noma umdlavuza ukhula, ungase ungatholakali kuze kube yilapho ususezingeni eliphezulu.
Kodwa-ke, lolu cwaningo luthole nokuthi ingozi yomdlavuza webele kwabesifazane abakhishwa isibeletho sabo futhi bathatha i-HRT ye-estrogen kuphela ayikhuphuki kakhulu .
Yiziphi izinzuzo nezingozi zokuthatha i-HRT?
Njenganoma yikuphi ukwelashwa, i-HRT inezinzuzo kanye nokungalungi. Kubalulekile ukuxoxa nodokotela wakho kokubili futhi ukuqonde kahle ngaphambi kokwenza isinqumo.
| Uhlobo lokwelashwa | Izinzuzo eziyinhloko | Izingozi Eziyinhloko |
|---|---|---|
| I-Estrogen + Progestin (I-HRT Ehlanganisiwe) (Kwabesifazane abanesibeletho) | Ilawula ngempumelelo izimpawu zokunqamuka kokuya esikhathini (njengokushisa okukhulu). | - Ingozi eyengeziwe yomdlavuza webele. - Ingozi eyengeziwe yesifo senhliziyo. - Ingozi eyengeziwe yokushaywa yisifo sohlangothi. - Ingozi yokuqhekeka kwegazi. |
| I-HRT ye-estrogen kuphela (Kwabesifazane abakhishwe isibeletho) | Ilawula ngempumelelo izimpawu zokunqamuka kokuya esikhathini. | - Ingozi yomdlavuza webele ayikhuliswanga kakhulu. - Kodwa ingozi yokushaywa yisifo sohlangothi kanye nokuqhekeka kwegazi isekhona. |
Ngakho-ke, isinqumo sokuqala i-HRT yisinqumo okufanele senziwe nodokotela wakho, kucatshangelwa izici eziningi, njengesimo sakho sempilo, ubukhali bezimpawu zakho, kanye nomlando wezokwelapha womndeni .
Ingabe i-HRT ifanele umuntu oselulame emdlavuza webele?
Lena inkinga ebucayi kakhulu. Esikhathini esidlule, i-HRT yayinikezwa nabesifazane abalulame emdlavuza webele ukulawula izimpawu zokunqamuka kokuya esikhathini. Kodwa-ke, ucwaningo lwango-2004 olubizwa ngokuthi i-HABITS lubonise ukuthi abasindile emdlavuza abathatha i-HRT babesengozini enkulu yokuthola umdlavuza futhi noma ukuthola umdlavuza omusha.
Ngakho-ke, odokotela okwamanje bakholelwa ukuthi kuyingozi kakhulu ukunikeza i-HRT kwabesifazane asebeluleme emdlavuza webele .
Yiziphi ezinye izindlela zokuqinisa amathambo esikhundleni se-HRT?
Ngokunqamuka kokuya esikhathini kuba nengozi eyengeziwe ye-osteoporosis, isifo lapho amathambo eba mancane futhi aqhekeke khona. I-HRT yake yanconywa nalokhu. Kodwa manje, ngenxa yalezo zingozi, kunezinye izindlela eziphephile nezisebenza kangcono.
- Ama-bisphosphonates: Lawa uhlobo lomuthi oluvame kakhulu olunikezwayo lwe-osteoporosis.
- Eminye imithi: Udokotela angase futhi anikeze eminye imithi efana ne -Abaloparatide , i-Denosumab, i-Romosozumab, ne-Teriparatide.
- Ama-SERM (Ama-Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators): Lolu uhlobo olusha lwemithi esebenza njenge-estrogen. Yandisa ukuqina kwamathambo futhi ivikele ekushayweni yi-osteoporosis, kuyilapho ivikela nomdlavuza webele. I-Raloxifene (Evista) iyisidakamizwa esidumile salolu hlobo. Kodwa-ke, lokhu akunciphisi izimpawu zokunqamuka kokuya esikhathini (ukushisa komzimba), futhi kungaze kwandise.
Izinto ongazenzela impilo yamathambo ngaphandle kwemithi
Ngaphezu kwemithi, indlela yokuphila ingenza lukhulu ekugcineni amathambo akho eqinile.
- Ukuzivocavoca okuthwala isisindo: Ukuzivocavoca okufana nokuhamba, ukugijima, kanye nokukhwela izitebhisi.
- Ukuthatha izithasiselo ze-calcium ne-vitamin D: Buza udokotela wakho bese uqala uma kudingeka.
- Gwema ukubhema: Ukubhema kuyingozi kakhulu emathanjeni.
- Ukugwema ukuphuza utshwala ngokweqile.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ukwelashwa kokushintsha ama-hormone (HRT) kuyindlela yokwelapha ephumelela kakhulu yezimpawu zokunqamuka kokuya esikhathini, kodwa kunezingozi ezihlobene nakho.
- I-HRT ehlanganisiwe, equkethe i-estrogen ne-progestin , yandisa ingozi yomdlavuza webele, isifo senhliziyo, isifo sohlangothi, kanye nokuqhekeka kwegazi.
- I-HRT ye-estrogen kuphela yabesifazane abakhishwe isibeletho sabo inciphisa ingozi yomdlavuza webele, kodwa ingozi yokushaywa yisifo sohlangothi kanye nokuqhekeka kwegazi isekhona.
- Isinqumo sokuthatha i-HRT noma cha siyinto yomuntu siqu kakhulu. Lesi sinqumo kufanele senziwe ngemva kokuxoxa ngokucophelela ngazo zonke izinzuzo nezingozi nodokotela wakho.
- Uma usululame emdlavuza webele, ukwelashwa kwe-HRT akunconywa kuwe.
- Kuneminye imithi ephephile nephumelelayo kanye nezinguquko zendlela yokuphila ukuvikela impilo yamathambo (i-Osteoporosis) esikhundleni se-HRT.
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