Ingabe umthambo wegazi wenhliziyo uvalekile ngokuphelele? Ake sixoxe nge-(Chronic Total Occlusion - CTO)!

Wake wezwa ngokuvaleka ngokuphelele komthambo wegazi othwala igazi uye enhliziyweni? Ngezinye izikhathi lokhu kungahlala izinyanga. Lokhu yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi i-chronic total occlusion (CTO) kwezokwelapha. Lena indaba engathi sína, kodwa ungakhathazeki, ngoba kubalulekile ukuqaphela.

Kuyini i-Chronic Total Occlusion (CTO)? Masiyiqonde kalula.

Kalula nje, `(Chronic Total Occlusion)` noma `(CTO)` kusho ukuthi imithambo yenhliziyo eyodwa noma ngaphezulu enikeza igazi enhliziyweni yakho ivalekile ngokuphelele, noma ngo-100%. Sifaka igama elithi `(Chronic)` kulokhu uma lokhu kuvinjelwa sekuqhubeke izinyanga ezintathu noma ngaphezulu. Cabanga ngakho njengepayipi lamanzi elivalekile ngokuphelele yinto ethile. Lokhu kunciphisa umoya-mpilo kanye nezakhamzimba ezidingwa yimisipha yenhliziyo. Lokhu kungabangela izimpawu ezifana nobuhlungu besifuba, ukuphefumula okunzima, `(Dyspnea)` futhi ngezinye izikhathi ngisho nokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo. Lesi simo singaba sibi kakhulu.

Ubani osengozini enkulu yokuthola lokhu (i-CTO)?

Eqinisweni, lesi simo esibizwa ngokuthi `(Chronic Total Occlusion)` sivame ukubonakala kubantu abane- Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) . Ngokwezinye izifundo, abantu abaningi abangafika koyedwa kwabathathu abane-`(CAD)` bangase babe ne-`(CTO)`.

Manje, izici eziyingozi zokuthuthukisa i-`(CTO)` zifana kakhulu nalezo ze-`(CAD)`. Uma ubhema, noma uma unezici ezilandelayo eziyingozi, kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi uthuthukise i-`(CTO)`:

• Inkomba yesisindo somzimba (i-BMI) engama-30 noma ngaphezulu (okusho ukukhuluphala).
• Isifo Sikashukela (i-Diabetes Mellitus) .
• Uma othile emndenini enesifo senhliziyo (isixhumanisi esizuzwe njengefa).
• Umfutho wegazi ophezulu (i-Hypertension) .
• Izinga eliphezulu le-cholesterol egazini (i-Hyperlipidemia) .
• Uma uke waba nokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo noma ukuhlinzwa kwe-coronary artery bypass ngaphambilini.
• Uma uphila impilo yokungenzi lutho (okungukuthi, ukuntuleka kokuzivivinya umzimba).

Cabanga ngomalume wethu uSunil. Ubhema ugwayi omningi, unoshukela omningi kakhulu, futhi unesifo somfutho wegazi ophakeme. Akawuvivinyi kahle umzimba. Abantu abanjalo basengozini enkulu yokuba nalesi simo esibizwa ngokuthi ``(CTO)''.

(CTO) Sivame kangakanani lesi simo?

Lesi simo, esibizwa ngokuthi ``(CTO)``, siba sivame kakhulu ngokweminyaka. Ngokwezibalo:

• Cishe abantu abangu -37% abangaphansi kweminyaka engu-65.
• Cishe abantu abangu -40% abaneminyaka ephakathi kuka-65 no-79.
• Cishe abantu abangu -41% abangaphezu kweminyaka engu-85 ubudala.

Yile ndlela esebenza ngayo. Kodwa-ke, isimo `(CTO)` singase sivame kakhulu emphakathini kunokuba ochwepheshe beqikelela. Ngoba abanye `(CTO)` ababonisi zimpawu. Ngakho-ke, abanye abantu bangase bangazi nokuthi banayo `(CTO)`. Okusho ukuthi, ngaphandle kokuthola ukuxilongwa okusemthethweni.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-(Chronic Total Occlusion)?

Kulungile, manje ake sibone ukuthi yiziphi izimpawu ongase uzizwe uma une-`(CTO)`. Lezi zimpawu ngezinye izikhathi zinganda uma ukhathele, uma uzivocavoca, futhi zinciphe uma uphumula. Kodwa-ke, abanye abantu bangathola lezi zimpawu ngisho nalapho bephumule. Kubalulekile futhi ukukhumbula ukuthi ngezinye izikhathi awukwazi ukuba nezimpawu nhlobo.

Izimpawu eziyinhloko ezingabonakala yilezi:

• Ubuhlungu besifuba, ukuqina, noma ingcindezi , njengokungathi othile ucindezela isifuba sakho.
• Ukuzizwa unesizungu .
• Ukukhathala okukhulu . Ukuzizwa ukhathele ngisho nangemva kokwenza into encane.
• Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile .
• Isicanucanu .
• Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo noma ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo .
• Ubunzima bokuphefumula (i-Dyspnea) . Uzizwa uphelelwa umoya ngisho nangemva kokuhamba isikhashana.
• Ubuhlungu obuqala ehlombe kuye phansi engalweni .

Uma unesinye noma ngaphezulu salezi zimpawu, kungcono ukubona udokotela ukuze akunike iseluleko, njengoba lezi zingaba izimpawu zesifo senhliziyo.

Iyini imbangela eyinhloko yokwakheka kwe-(CTO)?

Kalula nje, imbangela eyinhloko ye-`(Chronic Total Occlusion)` ukubekwa kwento enamafutha kwenye noma ngaphezulu kwemithambo yakho yenhliziyo. Lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi 'i-plaque' . Ngenxa yokubekwa kwale plaque, izindonga zemithambo yegazi ziyancipha kancane kancane futhi zibe lukhuni. Le nqubo ibizwa ngokuthi '(Atherosclerosis)' kwezokwelapha. Lapho lesi simo '(Atherosclerosis)' sivela emithanjeni yakho yenhliziyo, sikubiza ngokuthi i-Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) . Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, le plaque iyaqoqana futhi ekugcineni imithambo yegazi ivaleke ngokuphelele (100%). Yilapho kwakheka khona i-`(CTO)`.

Odokotela bakuthola kanjani ukuthi i-Chronic Total Occlusion iyinkinga? (Ukuxilongwa)

Odokotela bavame ukusebenzisa ukuhlolwa okubizwa ngokuthi i-coronary angiogram ukuthola ukuvaleka okuphelele okungapheli. Lokhu kuhilela ukufaka idayi ekhethekile (idayi yokungafani) emthanjeni wegazi engalweni noma emlenzeni wakho. Le dayi yenza imithambo yegazi yakho ibonakale ngokucacile ku-X-ray. Udokotela angabe esebona ukuthi igazi ligeleza kanjani emithanjeni yakho yenhliziyo nokuthi ngabe kukhona yini ukuvaleka.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, udokotela angenza nezinye izivivinyo eziningana. Ezinye zalezi zifaka:

• I-MRI yenhliziyoLokhu kukuvumela ukuthi ubone isakhiwo senhliziyo kanye nokujikeleza kwegazi.
• Ukuhlolwa Kokucindezeleka Kwenhliziyo : Lokhu kuhlolwa kwenzelwa ukubona ukuthi inhliziyo yakho isabela kanjani ekuzivocavoceni, njengokugijima ku-treadmill.
• I-Echocardiogram (Echocardiogram - echo) : Lokhu kungahlola izindonga zenhliziyo, ama-valve, nokuthi igazi ligeleza kanjani enhliziyweni.
• I-Electrocardiogram (EKG) : Lokhu kungabheka izimpawu zikagesi zenhliziyo kanye nesigqi senhliziyo.

Kungemva kokwenza zonke lezi zivivinyo kuphela lapho udokotela efika esiphethweni esiqondile mayelana ne-``(CTO)''.

Iphathwa kanjani i-(CTO)?

Kunemigomo emibili eyinhloko lapho welapha umuntu nge-`(CTO)`. Enye ukunciphisa izimpawu . Enye ukunciphisa ingozi yesigameko esihlobene nenhliziyo, njengokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo . Uhlobo lokwelashwa oludingayo luzoncika ekutheni izimpawu zakho zimbi kangakanani nokuthi usuvele welashwa yini nge-`(CAD)`.

Udokotela wakho angase asikisele lezi zindlela zokwelapha:

• Ukungenelela Kwenhliziyo Okuhamba Ngesicubu (PCI) : Lokhu kuvame ukubizwa ngokuthi i-angioplasty kanye ne -stenting . Kule nqubo, udokotela wakho ufaka ithubhu elincane, elingenalutho (i-catheter) engalweni noma esihlakaleni sakho liye emthanjeni wenhliziyo enhliziyweni yakho. Ngemuva kwalokho, ibhaluni elincane liyafuthwa nge-catheter ukuze kusunduzwe i-plaque evalekile eceleni. Ngemuva kwalokho, kufakwa ithubhu elincane eline-mesh (i-stent) emthanjeni ukuze lingayinciphisi futhi. Lokhu kubuyisela ukugeleza kwegazi.

• I-Coronary Artery Bypass Graft (CABG) : Lokhu ukuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo evulekile. Kule nqubo, udokotela ohlinzayo uthatha umthambo noma umthambo ophilile kwenye ingxenye yomzimba wakho (ngokuvamile umlenze noma isifuba sakho) bese edala indlela entsha (i-bypass) ezungeze umthambo wenhliziyo ovinjiwe. Kufana nokuthatha indlela ehlukile lapho kukhona ukuvinjelwa emgwaqweni.

Khumbula, zombili lezi zindlela zokwelapha zingaselapha ngempumelelo isimo `(CTO).` Udokotela wakho uzokusiza ukhethe ukwelashwa okukulungele.

Iyini ikusasa elibikezelwe ngesikhundla (se-CTO)?

Ukuvaleka Okuphelele Okungapheli kuyisimo esibi kakhulu, kodwa ungakhathazeki, lesi simo singaphathwa kahle ngokwelashwa okufanele.

Ezinye izifundo zikhombisile ukuthi i-PCI ingayelapha ngempumelelo i-CTO kubantu abangafika ku- 86% weziguli, kanti ezinye izifundo zikhombisile ukuthi i-CABG ingayelapha ngempumelelo cishe abantu abangu -60% .

Ngakho-ke, ngokwelashwa okufanele kanye nokushintsha kwendlela yokuphila, ungaphila impilo enempilo.

Yimiphi imibuzo okufanele ngiyibuze udokotela wami?

Uma une-`(Chronic Total Occlusion)`, noma uma ucabanga ukuthi ungaba nalesi simo, kubaluleke kakhulu ukubuza udokotela wakho imibuzo efana nale:

• Yiziphi izimpawu zokuqala ze-`(CTO)`?
• Yiziphi izivivinyo okudingeka ngizenze ukuze ngithole ukuthi ngine-`(CTO)`?
• Yiziphi izinguquko zendlela yokuphila engingayenza ukuze nginciphise ingozi yami yokuba ne-`(CTO)`? (isib. ukudla, ukuzivocavoca)
• Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha ze-`(CTO)`? Yikuphi okungcono kimi?
• Iyini amathuba okuthi i-CTO iphinde ivele ngemva kokwelashwa? Yini engenziwa ukuze kuvinjelwe lokhu?

Buza le mibuzo ukuze uqonde kahle isimo sakho. Khona-ke ungakwazi ukusekela kangcono ukwelashwa kwakho.

Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya

Kulungile, ngakho-ke, ngamafuphi, lezi yizinto ezibaluleke kakhulu okufanele uzikhumbule mayelana ne-`(Chronic Total Occlusion - CTO)` esikhulume ngayo.

Ukuvaleka kwemithambo yenhliziyo (i-CTO) yisimo lapho umthambo wenhliziyo ohlinzeka ngegazi enhliziyweni yakho uvalwe ngokuphelele isikhathi esingaphezu kwezinyanga ezintathu. Lokhu kunganciphisa ukugeleza kwegazi enhliziyweni futhi kuholele ezinkingeni ezinkulu, njengokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo.

Kodwa-ke, ngokuxilongwa nokwelashwa okufanele, izimpawu zingalawulwa futhi impilo enhle ingaphila. Kokubili i-Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI) kanye ne-Coronary Artery Bypass Graft (CABG) zisetshenziselwa ukwelapha i-CTO ngempumelelo.

Uma unemibuzo noma ukungabaza ngalokhu, kuwukuhlakanipha ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha . Nakekela inhliziyo yakho!

Isifo senhliziyo, umthambo wenhliziyo, umthambo ovalekile, i-CTO, ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo, i-angioplasty, ukuhlinzwa kwe-bypass