Ingabe ukuziphatha kabi kwengane yakho kuyinto evamile? Noma ingabe i-ADHD? (Isifo Sokuntuleka Kokunaka Okungapheli)

Izingane ezincane azihlukile. Ziyahlupheka lapho zicelwa ukuba zihlale esihlalweni, zigijime lapho zicelwa ukuba zihambe, bese ziqala ukudlala ngamathoyizi uma uzama ukuwabeka eceleni. Lezi yizinto ezivamile kakhulu. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi lezi zindlela zokuziphatha zingaphezu nje kokwenza izinto kabi okuvamile, zingaba uphawu lwesimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, noma njengoba sonke sazi, i-ADHD ( attention deficit hyperactivity disorder) . Ngakho-ke siwazi kanjani umehluko phakathi kwalokhu okubili? Ngokubheka izinga lokwenza izinto kabi kwengane yakho kanye nekhono layo lokugcina ukunaka, singaqonda ukuthi lokhu kuyindlela evamile yokuziphatha yengane noma isimo esidinga ukwesekwa okukhethekile.

Kunezinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko ze-ADHD.

Kalula nje, singahlukanisa izingane ezine-ADHD zibe yizigaba ezintathu eziyinhloko.

• Ukuphamazela /Ukushukuma Okukhulu: Izimpawu eziyinhloko ukuzulazula ngokweqile kanye nokungakwazi ukulawula ukushukuma.
• Ukunganaki : Uphawu oluyinhloko ukungakwazi ukugxila.
• Inhlanganisela: Izici zazo zombili izinhlobo okukhulunywe ngazo ngenhla zibonakala ndawonye.

Ake sixoxe ngezinhlobo ngazinye zalezi ngemininingwane ethe xaxa.

Ukungakhathali noma ukungaziphathi kahle

Kunzima ngezingane ezincane ukuhlala endaweni eyodwa. Zinelukuluku kakhulu ngomhlaba. Kodwa uma ingane yakho ihlala izulazula, igijima, futhi igxumagxuma ngendlela engahambisani nendawo ekhona noma lokho ekwenzayo, kungaba uphawu lokungakhathali.

Izici zengane ekhuthele ngokweqile:

• Ngisho nangaphakathi endlini, bayamemeza, bagijime, futhi badlale.
• Ukuhlala endaweni eyodwa, isibonelo ngenkathi udla noma ufunda, kunzima kakhulu.
• Bahlala bezulazula ngezandla zabo nezinyawo, benza umsindo ngeminwe yabo, futhi bejikajika emuva naphambili.
• Ngenxa yokuthi ihamba ngokushesha okukhulu, ivame ukungqubuzana nezinto nabantu.
• Uma udlala, uvame ukudlala ngokushesha kakhulu futhi ngendlela exakile.
• Ukukhuluma njalo. Ukuphendula imibuzo ngaphambi kokuba iqede, ukuphazamisa abanye lapho bekhuluma.
• Ngithukuthela ngokushesha ngezinto ezincane.

Ngisho noma izingane ezincane (intsha) zingahlala endaweni eyodwa isikhashana, uma zine-ADHD, zizoba nzima ukuhlala esihlalweni, noma ukuzama ukwenza okuthile ngezandla zazo.

Ukungakwazi ukunaka (Yiziphi izici zokunganaki ?

Izingane ezincane zinomkhawulo wokunaka omfushane kunabantu abadala. Lokhu kuvamile. Njengoba zikhula, leli khono liyakhula kancane kancane. Kodwa uma ingane yakho inenkinga yokunaka, ungase uqaphele izimpawu ezinjengalezi:

• Ngisho nento encane kakhulu ingakuphazamisa.
• Uma usuqalile okuthile, usheshe ukhathale ngakho.
• Kunzima kakhulu ukugcina izimpahla zakho nezincwadi zakho zihlelekile.
• Ngenxa yokujaha, ngivame ukwenza amaphutha amancane.
• Bavame ukulahlekelwa yizimpahla zabo bese bekhohlwa ukuthi bazibeke kuphi.
• Ngisho noma bebonakala sengathi bayalalela lapho bekhuluma, abalaleli ngempela.
• Ukungaqedi umsebenzi wesikole noma imisebenzi emincane.

Ukuziphatha okungenangqondo kanye nokulawula okungekuhle kwesifiso

Ukuzithiba kwezingane kukhula ngokushesha phakathi kweminyaka emi-5 nengu-6. Uma ingane yakho inenkinga yokulawula izifiso zayo, kungase kube ngenxa yokuthi:

• Ukwenza izinto ezingavamile ukuze uthole ukunakwa kwabanye abantu.
• Kunzima ukulandela imithetho.
• Kungaba nolaka kancane.
• Bazizwa bedabukile kakhulu futhi becasukile lapho benza iphutha noma lapho othile ebagxeka.
• Abaqondi ukuthi amazwi noma izenzo zabo zibathinta kanjani abanye.

Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela?

Uma ingane yakho ngezinye izikhathi ingakwazi ukuhlala endaweni eyodwa, inake, futhi ilawule izifiso zayo, lokho kungaba yinto evamile kuleyo minyaka. Kodwa uma lezi zinto ziyinkinga ngaso sonke isikhathi—ekhaya, esikoleni, nabangani, yonke indawo— kungaba yi-ADHD. I-ADHD yisimo esivamile. Kodwa kunezinye izinkinga zempilo ezingabangela izimpawu ezifanayo.

• Ukukhubazeka kokuzwa
• Ukukhubazeka kokufunda
• Ukukhathazeka noma Ukucindezeleka
• Izinkinga zokulala (isib., i-sleep apnea noma ukungalali ngokwanele)

Ungayithola kanjani i-ADHD? (Ukuhlolwa)

Akukho ukuhlolwa kwegazi okukodwa noma ukuskena okungakutshela ngokuqinisekile ukuthi une-ADHD. Udokotela uzokwenza ukuhlolwa okuphelele. 1. Ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba: Ingane izohlolwa izinto ezifana nombono nokuzwa, futhi izobheka ezinye izimbangela zomzimba zalezi zimpawu. 2.Ukuqoqa ulwazi: Udokotela uzokhuluma nawe kanye nothisha bengane yakho. Uzobuyekeza amarekhodi esikole sengane yakho kanye namarekhodi ezempilo. 3. Izikali zokulinganisa: Isithombe esicacile sezindlela zokuziphatha kwengane yakho sakhiwa ngemibuzo (izikali zokulinganisa) abazali nothisha abayigcwalisayo. Kungemva kokuba konke lokhu sekuhlanganisiwe kuphela lapho udokotela efika esiphethweni sokuthi ingane inayo yini i-ADHD noma cha.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha?

Ukwelashwa kuvame ukuhilela inhlanganisela yokwelapha ngokuziphatha kanye nemithi .

Ukuphathwa Kokuziphatha

Kubantwana abangaphansi kweminyaka eyi-6 ubudala, kunconywa ukuthi abazali bathole ukuqeqeshwa kwabazali ekuphatheni ukuziphatha ngaphambi kokunikeza imithi. Uchwepheshe wezokwelapha ufundisa abazali ukuthi bangasiza kanjani ingane yabo ukuthi ishintshe ukuziphatha kwayo, ukuthi ingayigcina kanjani isiyalo, nokuthi ingayinikeza kanjani isikhuthazo.

Imithi

Ezinganeni ezindala, ukwelashwa kokuziphatha kuvame ukuhlanganiswa nemithi. Lezi yizinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko.

• Izikhuthazi: Lezi yizona ezisetshenziswa kakhulu. Zandisa ukunaka kobuchopho kanye ne-dopamine yamakhemikhali ashukumisayo, elawula ngokushesha izimpawu. Izibonelo zifaka phakathi i-methylphenidate kanye ne-amphetamine . Kodwa-ke, zingabangela imiphumela emibi njengokulahlekelwa yisifiso sokudla kanye nokungalali. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukusebenzisa le mithi kuphela njengoba kuyalelwe udokotela wakho futhi ngesilinganiso esifanele.

• Ama-Non-Stimulants: Lawa asetshenziswa uma ama-stimulants engasebenzi. Izibonelo zifaka phakathi i-Atomoxetine ne-Guanfacine. Lawa athatha isikhathi eside ukusebenza, kodwa imiphumela yawo ingahlala cishe amahora angama-24.

Yini enye esingayenza njengabazali?

• Gxila ezintweni ezinempilo: Izingane ezine-ADHD zithanda ukuthatha izingozi. Esikhundleni sokubadumaza, zifundise umehluko phakathi kwezingozi ezinhle nezimbi. Isibonelo, kuhle ukuqeqesha ngokwemithetho yekilasi le-karate, kodwa kubi ukulwa nabanye esikoleni.
• Zisize zibe nobudlelwano nabantu: Lezi zingane zingase zibe nobunzima bokwenza abangane ngoba zingase zingaziqondi izimpawu zomphakathi. Ngakho-ke dala amathuba okuba zixhumane nontanga. Uma zikwenza lokho, khetha imisebenzi yesikhashana enemithetho ecacile.
• Nciphisa isikhathi samahhala: Uma ingane imatasa kakhulu, mancane amathuba okuba ihlanganyele ekuziphatheni okubi. Ukuchitha isikhathi esiningi ibukele i-TV futhi idlala imidlalo yekhompyutha kungandisa izimpawu ze-ADHD .
• Yazisa futhi ukhuthaze ukunqoba okuncane:Nika ingane yakho imigomo emincane, efinyelelekayo. Isibonelo, esikhundleni sokuthi, "Ngifuna ukuthola u-A noma u-B ekhadini lombiko," mnike umgomo omncane njengokuthi, "Masiqede umsebenzi wethu wesikole namuhla." Mncome lapho ewenza.
• Yenza uhlelo oluhle: Sebenzisana nodokotela wakho ukuze wakhe uhlelo lokwelapha olufanele ingane yakho. Lolu hlelo kufanele luhlanganise imithi, ukwelashwa, kanye nothando lwakho nesikhuthazo.