Singakhuluma ngalolu hlobo lomdlavuza 'olucacile' oluvela ezinso (i-Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma - ccRCC) namuhla?

Izinso zingenye yezitho ezibaluleke kakhulu emzimbeni wethu. Lezi zitho ezimbili ezincane ezihlunga igazi lethu nsuku zonke futhi zikhiphe izinto ezingadingekile njengomchamo zifana nezihlungi ezimbili emzimbeni wethu. Kodwa-ke, lezi zinso zingaba nezifo ezahlukahlukene. Namuhla sizokhuluma ngohlobo lomdlavuza wezinso olubi kakhulu, kodwa kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela. Lokhu kuyi-`(Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma)`, ngamafuphi `(ccRCC)`.

Kuyini 'i-clear cell renal cell carcinoma' (ccRCC)?

Kalula nje, le `(Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma - ccRCC)` iwuhlobo lomdlavuza wezinso. Uma sikhuluma ngomdlavuza wezinso, ngokuvamile sithi `(Renal Cell Carcinoma - RCC)`. Le `(ccRCC)` ingenye yezinhlobo zayo.

Ubuwazi ukuthi izinso zethu zinemigudu emincane ngaphakathi kwazo, njengesihlungi? Lezi yizo ezihlunga imfucuza egazini bese ziyikhipha njengomchamo. Lo mdlavuza uqala emaseli ahambisana nalezo migudu. Lawa maseli `(ccRCC)` ayahlukana futhi aphindaphindeke ngokushesha okukhulu, akhe isimila esisodwa noma ngaphezulu. Ngokuvamile, kuthinta inso eyodwa, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi kungathinta zombili izinso.

Ziyini izimpawu zalesi sifo?

Ezimweni eziningi, ezigabeni zokuqala zalesi `(ccRCC)`, azikho izimpawu ezinkulu. Yilokho okwesabisayo kancane. Ngoba ungase ungazi nokuthi unesifo. Kodwa njengoba lesi sifo siqhubeka, ungase ubhekane nezinto ezifana nalezi:

• Igazi emchameni. Ngezinye izikhathi umchamo ungaba bomvu, upinki, noma ube nsundu. Odokotela bakubiza lokhu ngokuthi "i-hematuria".
• Ukukhathala umuzwa wokukhathala okukhulu, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ulala kangakanani. Ungase uzizwe ukhathele usuku lonke.
• Umkhuhlane oqala ngaphandle kwesizathu. Uma unemfiva nje ngaphandle kokugula okunye, lokho kuyinto okufanele uyinake.
• Kuzwakala njengeqhubu elingazwakala ezinso ezithintekile .
• Ubuhlungu besifuba ubuhlungu ohlangothini lwezinso . Lobuhlungu bungaba obuhlala njalo noma bube budlule.
• Ukwehlisa isisindo okungachazeki. Uma unciphisa isisindo nje ngaphandle kokunciphisa ukudla noma ukuzivocavoca, lokho kuyinto okufanele uyihlole.

Kungani lokhu `(ccRCC)` kwenzeka? Ziyini izimbangela?

Uma ngikhuluma iqiniso, imbangela eqondile yomdlavuza wezinso omningi, okuhlanganisa nalokhu (ccRCC)`, ayaziwa . Kodwa-ke, kutholakale ukuthi kunezici ezithile ezandisa ingozi yokuyithola. Ake sibone ukuthi ziyini?

• Ukusetshenziswa kwemikhiqizo kagwayi : Lokhu akubandakanyi ukubhema kuphela kodwa nokuva. Amakhemikhali ayingozi kugwayi angalimaza izinso.
• I-Body Mass Index (BMI) engaphezu kuka-25 : Kalula nje, ukukhuluphala ngokweqile/ukukhuluphala ngokweqile. Ukukhuluphala ngokweqile kungabangela izinguquko zamahomoni kanye nezinye izinkinga ezingandisa ingozi yomdlavuza.
• Umfutho wegazi ophezulu (umfutho wegazi ophezulu): Yilapho umfutho wegazi wakho ukhuphuka khona. Le ngozi ingenzeka ngoba umfutho wegazi ophezulu ulimaza izinso.
• Ukuthi kufanele kwenziwe i-dialysis ngenxa yesifo sezinso esithathe isikhathi eside : Abantu abasebenzisa i-dialysis nabo basengozini yokuba nomdlavuza wezinso.
• Ukuchayeka kumakhemikhali athile anobuthi endaweni yokusebenza : Isibonelo, labo abachayeka kumakhemikhali anjenge-trichloroethylene, i-asbestos, ne-cadmium nabo basengozini enkulu.
• Ukusetshenziswa kwesikhathi eside kwemithi yokunciphisa ubuhlungu : Amanye amaphilisi okunciphisa ubuhlungu, njenge-acetaminophen (Tylenol®), awalungile kuwe uma uwaphuza njalo noma ngokweqile.

Ubani ongathuthukisa le `(ccRCC)` kakhulu?

Empeleni, noma ubani angaba nalesi simo, esibizwa ngokuthi ``(ccRCC)``. Kodwa-ke, kutholakale ukuthi amadoda anamathuba aphindwe kabili okuthola lesi sifo kunabesifazane . Futhi, sivame kakhulu kubantu abaneminyaka ephakathi kuka-50 no-70.

Ngokusho kwe-American Cancer Society, abantu abangaphezu kuka-81,000 e-United States batholakala benomdlavuza wezinso minyaka yonke. Kulaba, uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lomdlavuza wezinso lubizwa ngokuthi i-ccRCC .

Ingabe lesi sifo sibizwa ngokuthi `(ccRCC)` esizuzwe njengefa?

Uma unesihlobo segazi esine-renal cell carcinoma, ungase ube sengozini enkulu yokuba nomdlavuza wezinso. Kodwa-ke, odokotela abakaqiniseki ukuthi kungani.

Abanye abantu banezimo zofuzo ezenza kube lula ukuthi bathole i-ccRCC. Isibonelo yisifo se-Von Hippel-Landau (VHL).

Kulezi zimo, ukuguquka kwezakhi zofuzo okudluliselwa ezizukulwaneni ngezizukulwane kubangela ukuthi kwakheke ama-cyst kanye nama-tumors ezingxenyeni ezahlukene zomzimba. Lawa ma-tumors ngokuvamile awawona umdlavuza. Kodwa-ke, abantu kule mindeni bangase babe ne-ccRCC kaningi, futhi ingase ikhule isencane kunokujwayelekile.

Uma utholakale une-ccRCC usemncane, noma uma unezimila eziningi, udokotela wakho angase asikisele ukuhlolwa kofuzo .

Sitholakala kanjani lesi sifo `(ccRCC)`?

Njengoba sishilo ngaphambili, umdlavuza wezinso uvame ukuba nezimpawu ezimbalwa kakhulu ezigabeni zawo zokuqala. Yingakho odokotela bevame ukuthola izimila zezinso lapho befuna ezinye izimo. Isibonelo, isimila sezinso singatholakala ngengozi ngesikhathi se-MRI noma i-CT scan ukuze kubhekwe amatshe ezinso.

Ukuhlolwa kwezithombe ezinjengalezi kungabona ukuthi kukhona isimila. Kodwa-ke, kunzima ukubona ngokuqinisekile ngokuskena kuphela ukuthi isimila asiyona ingozi noma siyingozi.

Ukuze kutholakale ukuxilongwa okunembile , udokotela kufanele ahloleKungase kwenziwe i-biopsy yezinso, noma kunganconywa ukuhlinzwa ukuze kususwe isimila.

Uma isimila sisuswa ngokuhlinzwa, kuthathwa izicubu zesimila bese zihlolwa ukuthi azinawo yini umdlavuza. Imiphumela isetshenziselwa ukuthola ukuthi umdlavuza yini nokuthi uluhlobo olubizwa ngokuthi ``ccRCC''.

Ngokumangalisayo, izimila ezincane zezinso ezine kuphela kweziyi-10, ezingaphansi kwamasentimitha amane ngobukhulu, okungenzeka zibe izimila ezingenabungozi, njenge-renal oncocytomas.

Yiziphi izigaba zomdlavuza (ccRCC)?

Ngemva kokuxilongwa ukuthi une-`(ccRCC)`, udokotela unquma ``isigaba somdlavuza`` . Okusho ukuthi, babheka ubukhulu besimila nokuthi ngabe sisakazekele kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba.

Kunezinhlobo ezine eziyinhloko ze-Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma.

• Uma amathuba encipha, umdlavuza uyancipha kakhulu.

Udokotela uzokhuluma nawe ngalezi zinto:

• Umdlavuza wakho ukusiphi isigaba .
• Iyini ingozi yokusabalala kwayo kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba?
• Yiziphi izinyathelo ezilandelayo okufanele uzithathe ?

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha `(ccRCC)`?

Esikhathini esiningi, izinketho zokwelapha zincike ekutheni umdlavuza ususakazekele ngale kwezinso. Kulungile, ake sibone.

Uma umdlavuza ungakasabalali ngale kwezinso:

Kulokhu, ukwelashwa kungenziwa kanje:

• Ukuhlinzwa - Ukususwa Kwezinso : Udokotela ohlinzayo ususa ingxenye yezinso enomdlavuza kuphela. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi ukususwa kwezicubu eziyingxenye. Ngaphandle kwalokho, izinso zonke zingasuswa. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi ukususwa kwezicubu ezingavamile.
• Ukwelapha okubangela ukubola : Lokhu kwelashwa kusebenzisa indlela eqondile yokubhubhisa amangqamuzana omdlavuza ngokufaka inalithi esikhumbeni. Kunezindlela ezahlukene zokwenza lokhu. Isibonelo, amangqamuzana omdlavuza angabhujiswa ngokusebenzisa ukubanda okukhulu (i-cryoablation) noma ukushisa okukhulu (i-thermal ablation).

Uma umdlavuza ususabalele, noma kunengozi enkulu yokusabalala:

Ezimweni ezinjalo, izinketho zokwelapha yilezi:

• Ukwelashwa nge-immunotherapy : Lokhu kuhilela ukuvuselela amasosha omzimba wakho ukuze kubhujiswe amangqamuzana omdlavuza. Imithi esetshenziswa kulokhu yi-pembrolizumab (Keytruda®) noma i-nivolumab (Opdivo®).
• Ukwelashwa okuqondiwe : Lokhu kwelashwa kusebenza ngokuvimbela ukukhula nokwanda kwamangqamuzana omdlavuza. Imithi esetshenziswa kulokhu yi-axitinib (Inlyta®) kanye ne-cabozantinib (Cabometyx®).

Ingabe i-`(ccRCC)` ingumdlavuza oyingozi, osakazeka ngokushesha?

Njengazo zonke ezinye izinhlobo ze-`(carcinoma), le `(Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma)` ingasakazeka (i-metastasize) kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba. Ukwelapha umdlavuza osakazeke ngale ndlela (umdlavuza we-metastatic) kunzima kakhulu.

Uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izinhlobo zomdlavuza wezinso, i-``(ccRCC)`` ivame ukuba nolaka kakhulu futhi ivame ukusabalala ngokushesha .

I-Renal Cell Carcinoma ivame ukusabalala ezindaweni ezilandelayo:

• Ama-lymph node
• Amaphaphu
• Izindlala ze-adrenal (ezitholakala ngaphezu kwezinso)
• Isibindi
• Ubuchopho
• Amathambo

Umdlavuza (ccRCC) ukhula ngokushesha kangakanani?

Izinga lokukhula kwe-Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma lingahluka kakhulu. Ngokusho kocwaningo olulodwa, zingakhula noma yikuphi kusukela kumasentimitha angu-0.2 kuya kwangu-6.5 (0.07 kuya ku-2.5 inches) ngonyaka. Izinga lokukhula elijwayelekile lingamasentimitha angu-2.13 (0.83 inches) ngonyaka.

Lingakanani izinga lokusinda kwe-`(ccRCC)`?

Ngokuvamile, izinga lokusinda kweminyaka emihlanu (ccRCC) liphakathi kuka-50% no-69% .

Kodwa-ke, amathuba okululama kwalokhu kuncike kubukhulu besimila sakho. Ngokuvamile, ukwelashwa akuphumelelanga kangako ezimila ezinkulu noma uma i-`(ccRCC)` isisakazekele kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba. Ezimweni ezinjalo, uma kukhona isimila esikhulu noma uma umdlavuza ususakazekile, izinga lokusinda kweminyaka emihlanu lingaba ngu-10%. Yingakho kubalulekile ukuyithola kusenesikhathi bese uqala ukwelashwa kusenesikhathi.

Kufanele ngizinakekele kanjani?

Kuvamile ukuzizwa unemizwa eyahlukahlukene uma uthola ukuthi une-Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma. Ungase uzizwe izinto eziningi, okuhlanganisa ukwesaba, intukuthelo, ukudabuka, ukukhathazeka kanye nokucindezeleka.

Abantu abaningi bathola impumuzo ngokufunda okuningi ngangokunokwenzeka nge-(ccRCC) nokucela usizo kubathandekayo babo. Kungumqondo omuhle futhi ukujoyina amaqembu okusekela (ccRCC) angakuqonda kahle ukuthi ubhekene nani.

Kubaluleke kakhulu futhi ukwethemba ithimba lakho lezokwelapha. Babuze noma yimiphi imibuzo onayo mayelana nezinketho zokwelashwa kanye nenqubo yokuphulukiswa.

Nazi ezinye izindlela ongazinakekela ngazo:

• Thatha yonke imithi oyinikezwe odokotela njengoba nje uyalelwe .
• Gwema ukuba mncane ngokudla ukudla okunamaphrotheni amaningi nama-calories.
• Lala kahle ngangokunokwenzeka.
• Ukuzama ukulawula ukucindezeleka ngezinto ezifana nokuphefumula okujulile, ukuzindla, i-yoga, ukwelashwa ngobuciko, noma imisebenzi yokuzola efana namaphazili.
• Noma umzimba wakho unamandla kangakanani.Ukuzibandakanya emsebenzini womzimba.

Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela?

Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi zalezi zimpawu, xhumana nodokotela ngokushesha:

• Uma kukhona igazi emchameni.
• Uma uneqhubu noma ubuhlungu engalweni yakho lokho akupheli .
• Uma unomkhuhlane ongachazeki noma wehlisa isisindo .

Uma usuvele welashwa i-(ccRCC), khuluma nodokotela wakho ngokushesha uma uba nezimpawu ezintsha noma uma izimpawu zakho ziba zimbi kakhulu . Bangakutshela ukuthi ungazilawula kanjani izimpawu zakho, ushintshe umthamo wemithi yakho, noma batuse ukwelashwa okusha. Ingxenye ebalulekile yokwelashwa kwakho ukuhlala uphilile ngangokunokwenzeka.

Yimiphi imibuzo okufanele ngiyibuze udokotela?

Kungumqondo omuhle ukubuza udokotela wakho imibuzo efana nale:

• "Yikuphi ukwelashwa okungcono kakhulu kimi?"
• "Yimiphi imiphumela emibi yokwelashwa okuncomayo?"
• "Ingabe ngisengozini yokuthola umdlavuza osakazeke kakhulu?"
• "Ngingayinciphisa kanjani ingozi yokusabalalisa lokhu `(ccRCC)`?"
• "Ingabe ukhona emndenini wami wegazi osengozini yokuthola `(ccRCC)`?"
• "Ingabe zikhona izimpawu zezinkinga okufanele ngizazi ngokukhethekile?"

Le mibuzo iwukukusiza nje. Unganqikazi ukubuza udokotela wakho noma yini onayo engqondweni, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi incane kangakanani. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi uqonde yonke into ngokucacile.

Uyini umehluko phakathi komdlavuza wezinso 'ocacile' kanye nomdlavuza wezinso 'we-papillary'?

Lezi yi-"Clear Cell Renal Carcinoma" kanye ne-"Papillary Renal Cell Carcinoma". Izimpawu zazo zombili zifana kakhulu. Izindlela zokwelapha nazo zifana kakhulu.

Umehluko omkhulu usekubukekeni kwala maseli omdlavuza uma ebhekwa ngesibonakhulu.

• Amaseli omdlavuza we-papillary abonakala njengezimila ezinde, ezincane, ezifana neminwe.
• `(ccRCC)` Amaseli omdlavuza abukeka njengamabhamuza acacile.

Cishe umuntu oyedwa kwabayi-10 one-renal cell carcinoma unohlobo lwe-papillary.

Okokugcina, izinto ezimbalwa okufanele uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Ngiyaqonda ukuthi kungaba nzima kangakanani ukuthola ukuthi unomdlavuza. Imizwa efana nokwesaba, ukudabuka, intukuthelo, ukudideka, kanye nesizungu ingakufikela ngesikhathi esisodwa. Mhlawumbe uzizwa zonke lezi zinto ngesikhathi esisodwa. Noma, ungase uzizwe ungaxhunyiwe emizweni yakho njengoba uzama ukubhekana nalesi sifo. Qonda ukuthi noma yini oyizwayo, iyinto evamile.

I-Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma (ccRCC) uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lomdlavuza wezinso. Ingakhula ngokushesha futhi ibe nolaka kakhulu kuneminye imidlavuza yezinso.

Unezinkinga eziningi, futhi udinga ukukhuluma nothile ngemicabango nemizwa yakho.Ungalokothi unqikaze ukucela usizo kodokotela bakho futhi uthembele ohlelweni lwakho lokusekela (umndeni, abangani).

Lolu kungaba uhambo olunzima, kodwa thatha isinyathelo ngasinye, futhi ube nomusa kuwe. Khumbula ukuthi ukutholakala kusenesikhathi kanye nokwelashwa kusenesikhathi kungenza umehluko omkhulu. Awuwedwa.

Umdlavuza wezinso , i-ccRCC, i-Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma, isifo sezinso, izimpawu zomdlavuza, ukwelashwa komdlavuza, impilo yezinso