Ingabe ilungu lomndeni noma umngane wakho unesifo sikaParkinson noma ukuthuthumela okungalawuleki? Ngezinye izikhathi, ngisho nangemithi, kuyacasula lapho izinto ziba zimbi kakhulu usuku nosuku, kodwa akukho ukuthuthuka okuphawulekayo. Namuhla, sikhuluma ngokwelashwa okusha, okuthembisayo okuvele ngokuthuthuka kwesayensi yezokwelapha. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-Deep Brain Stimulation, noma i-DBS ngamafuphi.
Kuyini Ukukhuthazwa Kobuchopho Obujulile (i-DBS)?
Kalula nje, i-DBS inqubo yezokwelapha eletha ugesi omncane kakhulu engxenyeni ethile yobuchopho bakho. Cabanga ngayo njengomshini wokushaya indlwabu wobuchopho. Kulokhu, idivayisi encane ifakwa ngaphansi kwesikhumba eduze kwethambo lakho lentamo. Ithumela izimpawu zikagesi engxenyeni efanele yobuchopho bakho ngentambo eyodwa noma ngaphezulu ezincane kakhulu. Lezi zimpawu zikagesi zivuselela kabusha amangqamuzana obuchopho angasebenzi. Lokhu kungalawula izimpawu zezimo eziningana.
Ubani odinga lokhu kwelashwa futhi ngani?
Amaseli ezinzwa ebuchosheni bethu, abizwa ngokuthi ama-neurons , ayaxhumana ngokusebenzisa izimpawu zikagesi nezamakhemikhali. Ezinye izifo zingabangela ukuthi umsebenzi wala ma-neurons ezingxenyeni ezithile zobuchopho wehle. Khona-ke imisebenzi elawulwa yilezo zingxenye ayisebenzi kahle. Isibonelo, uma ama-neurons engxenyeni elawula ukunyakaza engasebenzi, kuba nzima ukuhamba noma ukulawula izitho zakho zomzimba.
Ukwelashwa kwe-DBS kusebenzisa ugesi wokwenziwa ukuze kuvuselelwe ama-neuron angasebenzi, kodwa abacwaningi basafunda ukuthi kusebenza kanjani.
| Izimo lapho ukwelashwa kwe-DBS kuvunyelwe khona njengamanje | |
|---|---|
| I-Dystonia | Isimo lapho imisipha inyakaza ngokungalawuleki futhi idale ukuma okungajwayelekile. |
| Ukuduma Okubalulekile | Isimo lapho izingxenye zomzimba, ikakhulukazi izandla, zithuthumela ngokungalawuleki. |
| Isifo Sokuxhuzula Esimelana Nemithi | Ukuquleka okunzima ukukulawula ngemithi. |
| Isifo sikaParkinson | Uma isifo siba sibi kakhulu futhi ukusebenza kahle kwemithi kwehla. |
| I-OCD engamelani nemithi | Imicabango nezenzo ezingafuneki okunzima ukuzilawula ngemithi. |
Okubalulekile: Lokhu kwelashwa kuyacwaningwa kwezinye izimo eziningana, okuhlanganisa ukulutheka , isifo sika-Alzheimer , ukukhathazeka, ukucindezeleka okukhulu, kanye ne-Tourette syndrome, kodwa i-DBS ayikakabi ukwelashwa okujwayelekile kubo.
Ukuhlinzwa kwenziwa kanjani?
Le nqubo akuyona ngempela ukuhlinzwa okwenziwa kanye kuphela. Ngokuvamile iqedwa ngokuhlinzwa okubili noma okuthathu okwenziwa ngezinsuku ezahlukene.
Ukulungiselela ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa
Ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa, udokotela wakho uzokuchazela izinzuzo, izinkinga, kanye nezingozi zalokhu kwelashwa. Uzophinde akucele ukuhlolwa okuningana, njenge-MRI noma i-CT scan, ukuze abone ukuthi ungumuntu ofanele yini ukuhlinzwa. Futhi,
- Ukukhuluma ngemithi: Ungase ucelwe ukuthi uyeke ukuthatha imithi ethile, ikakhulukazi imithi yokunciphisa igazi, ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa. Kodwa ungalokothi uyeke ukuthatha noma yimiphi imithi ngaphandle kweseluleko sikadokotela wakho.
- Ukuhlanza: Ungase ucelwe ukuthi usebenzise i-shampoo noma insipho ekhethekile ukuze ulungiselele isikhumba sakho sekhanda kanye nesikhumba sakho ukuhlinzwa.
- Ukuzila Ukudla: KulokhuNgenxa yokuthi uzobe ungaphansi kwe-anesthesia , kuzodingeka uyeke ukudla amahora angu-8 ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa futhi uphuze uketshezi amahora amabili ngaphambi.
Ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa
Isigaba sokuqala: Ukubekwa komholi
Lona ukuhlinzwa okubaluleke kakhulu. Okokuqala, ikhanda lakho liqiniswe ohlakeni olukhethekile ukuze lihlale linganyakazi. Ngemuva kwalokho, kwenziwa imbobo encane kakhulu ekhanda lakho, bese kufakwa izintambo ezincane ezinama-electrode ngalo endaweni efanele ebuchosheni bakho.
Ngokumangalisayo, ungase uphaphame phakathi nalokhu kuhlinzwa. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ubuchopho abuzizwa ubuhlungu. Ngesikhathi uphaphame, odokotela bangakucela ukuthi wenze izinto ezincane (isib., hambisa isandla sakho, ukhulume) ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ucingo lusendaweni efanele.
Ngemva kwalokhu, uzogcinwa uqashwe esibhedlela cishe usuku lonke bese uthunyelwa ekhaya.
Isigaba sesibili: Ukubekwa kwe-Pulse Generator
Lokhu kuhlinzwa kwenziwa ngosuku oluhlukile. Uzonikezwa i-anesthesia ejwayelekile. Kwenziwa ukusika okuncane entanyeni yakho, kwakheka isikhala esincane ngaphansi kwesikhumba, bese kufakwa ibhethri (i-pulse generator) kuyo. Ngemuva kwalokho, izintambo eziya ebuchosheni bakho kanye naleli bhethri zixhunywe ngaphansi kwesikhumba, bese ukusika kuvaliwe. Ungaya ekhaya ngalolo suku ngemuva kwalokhu kuhlinzwa.
Kwenzekani ngemva kokuhlinzwa?
Emasontweni ambalwa ngemva kokuhlinzwa, kuzodingeka ubone udokotela wakho. Yilapho-ke ibhethri (i-pulse generator) izohlelwa khona. Lokho kusho ukulungisa inani kanye nephethini yezimpawu zikagesi ukuze ihambisane nezimpawu zakho. Kungase kudingeke ubone udokotela wakho izikhathi eziningana kuze kube yilapho lokhu kufaneleka.
Amabhethri akula madivayisi avame ukuhlala iminyaka emi-3-5. Amanye amadivayisi amasha anamabhethri ashajwayo, ahlala iminyaka engaba ngu-9. Ngisho nokushintsha ibhethri kudinga ukuhlinzwa okuncane.
| Izinzuzo | Izingozi Nezinkinga |
|---|---|
| Enye indlela enhle kulabo abangatholi impumuzo ngemithi. | Izingozi ezihlobene nokuhlinzwa (ukopha, ukutheleleka). |
| Ukwelashwa okushintsha impilo, okuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yempilo. | Izinkinga ezihlobene nemishini (izintambo ziyahambahamba, ibhethri liyafa). |
| Ungashintsha izilungiselelo uma kudingeka nganoma yisiphi isikhathi. | Imiphumela emibi engaba khona ngesikhathi sokucubungula (ukulahlekelwa ibhalansi, ukudideka). |
| Uma ukwelashwa kungaphumeleli, idivayisi ingasuswa ngokuhlinzwa futhi. | Ukungakhululeki kwesikhashana njengobuhlungu bekhanda kanye nokungazweli. |
Uzobona nini udokotela
Njengoba i-DBS iwukuhlinzwa kobuchopho, kudingeka siqaphele kakhulu ngezimpawu ezithile eziyisixwayiso. Uma kuvela noma yiziphi izimpawu ezilandelayo, shayela udokotela wakho ngokushesha noma uye eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) wesibhedlela.
- Ikhanda elibuhlungu elingapheli noma eliqhubekayo.
- Ukopha ngenxa yokusikwa ngokuhlinzwa.
- Ubomvu, ukuvuvukala, noma umuzwa ongavamile wokufudumala eduze kwesilonda (lezi yizimpawu zokutheleleka).
- Izinguquko ezingazelelwe embonweni (ukubona kabili, ukubona okufiphele).
- Umkhuhlane ongama-38.3 Celsius (101 Fahrenheit) noma ngaphezulu.
Imibuzo evamile mayelana nokuphila ngedivayisi ye-DBS
Ngingawasebenzisa yini amadivayisi kagesi?
Le divayisi ayithintwa yizinto zasekhaya ezifana nama-microwave, amakhompyutha, kanye nama-smartphone. Ingase ithintwe yizinto zokuthola insimbi ezikhumulweni zezindiza. Uzonikezwa ikhadi lomazisi elikhethekile ozolisebenzisa ngezikhathi ezinjalo.
Ngingakwazi yini ukwenza i-MRI scan?
Cha. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu. Umuntu onedivayisi ye-DBS akakwazi ukuskenwa nge-MRI ngoba amandla kazibuthe aqinile emshinini we-MRI angalimaza idivayisi ye-DBS. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuthi wazise odokotela bakho ukuthi unedivayisi ye-DBS ngaphambi kokuthola noma yikuphi ukwelashwa.
Ingabe i-DBS iyayelapha ngokuphelele lesifo?
Cha. I-DBS ayilona ikhambi. Yenzelwe ukulawula izimpawu nokuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yokuphila.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ukukhuthazwa Kobuchopho Obujulile (i-DBS) kuyindlela yokwelapha ethuthukisiwe enikeza ithemba ngezimo ezifana ne-Parkinson's kanye nesifo sokuwa esingaphenduli emithini.
- Lokhu ukuhlinzwa kobuchopho, ngakho-ke akukhona okungenazo izingozi, kodwa uma kuphumelele, kungenza impilo ibe lula kakhulu.
- Ukwelashwa kwe-DBS akusiqedi lesi sifo, kodwa kungasiza kakhulu ekulawuleni izimpawu futhi kuholele impilo engcono.
- Lesi yisinqumo esibaluleke kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuxoxa ngayo yonke imininingwane nodokotela wakho okwelaphayo bese wenza isinqumo.
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