Sonke siyazi ukuthi omiyane bayisilwane esivame kakhulu nesicasulayo kithi eSri Lanka. Asibanaki kakhulu ngaphandle kokuluma kanye namaqhubu amancane abomvu ahambisana nokuluma okuncane. Kodwa bewazi ukuthi ukulunywa komiyane kungaholela ngisho nasezimweni eziyingozi kakhulu ezingenakuzinakwa? Namuhla sizokhuluma ngesifo esibi esidluliselwa yilo miyane futhi sithinta ubuchopho. Igama laso yi-Eastern Equine Encephalitis, noma (EEE) ngamafuphi.
Kalula nje, iyini i-EEE?
I-Eastern Equine Encephalitis (EEE) yisifo esibangelwa yigciwane. Leli gciwane lingena emizimbeni yethu lapho umiyane onegciwane usiluma. Lokhu kuyinto eyingozi kakhulu eyenzekayo. Okusho ukuthi, leli gciwane liya ebuchosheni bethu futhi libangele ukutheleleka nokuvuvukala kobuchopho. Kwezokwelapha, lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi i-encephalitis .
Cabanga ngalokho okungenzeka uma ubuchopho, obufana nesikhungo sokulawula somzimba wethu, buvuvukala noma butheleleka. Ubuchopho, obulawula yonke imicabango yethu, ukunyakaza, kanye nemizwa, bungakhubazeka ngokuphelele. Ubunzima balesi sifo bukhulu kangangokuthi abantu abangaba ngu-30 kwabayi-100 abathola i-EEE futhi balimale ebuchosheni bayafa . Ngakho-ke, lesi yisimo okufanele sithathwe ngokungathi sína kakhulu.
Ungase uzibuze ukuthi igama elithi EEE lavela kanjani. I-Equine isho amahhashi. Ngakho abacwaningi bathola leli gciwane okokuqala emahhashini ngawo-1830. Yingakho lathola igama lalo.
I-EEE idluliselwa kanjani? Ingabe idluliselwa kusuka kumuntu kuya komunye?
Lona umbuzo obaluleke kakhulu. I-EEE ayidluliselwa kusuka kumuntu kuya komunye . Okusho ukuthi, awukwazi ukuthola lesi sifo ngokuthinta, ukuba naye, noma ukuthimula kumuntu onegciwane. Ngokufanayo, ayinakudluliselwa ngqo kusuka ehhashini noma kwesinye isilwane kuya kumuntu.
Ukuphela kwendlela yokudlulisa leli gciwane ukulunywa umiyane onegciwane .
Kalula nje, nakhu okwenzekayo:
1. Okokuqala, omiyane abathile baluma inyoni enegciwane le-EEE bese bemunca igazi lenyoni.
2. Ngemuva kwalokho igciwane le-EEE lingena emzimbeni womiyane.
3. Bese kuthi umiyane onegciwane ufike ulume umuntu noma ihhashi.
4. Yilapho igciwane lingena khona emizimbeni yethu.
Sibiza leli gciwane ngokuthi i -arbovirus , okusho igciwane elidluliselwa yizinambuzane (ama-arthropod).
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi idluliselwa kuphela umiyane onegciwane. Ngakho-ke, ukuzivikela omiyaneni kuyindlela engcono kakhulu yokugwema lesi sifo.
Ziyini izimpawu ze-EEE?
Ezimweni eziningi, igciwane le-EEE liyadluliselwaIningi labantu alibi nazo izimpawu. Kodwa-ke, uma izimpawu zivela, zivame ukuqala phakathi kwezinsuku ezi-4 neziyi-10 ngemva kokulunywa umiyane.
Lezi zimpawu zingahlukaniswa ngezigaba ezimbili: izimpawu eziyisisekelo ezijwayelekile kanye nezimpawu ezenzeka lapho isifo siba sibi kakhulu futhi sithinta ubuchopho.
| Uhlobo lwesibonakaliso | Izimpawu ezibonisa |
|---|---|
| Izimpawu Eziyisisekelo/Ezivamile |
|
| Izimpawu ezinzima (lapho ubuchopho buthintekile) |
|
Lezi zimpawu ezinzima zingase zifane nezomkhuhlane ovamile noma umkhuhlane. Ngakho-ke, uma uzwa umkhuhlane, izinhlungu zomzimba, ikhanda elibuhlungu elingavamile, noma izinguquko engqondweni ngemva kokulunywa umiyane, bona udokotela ngokushesha.
Ubani osengozini enkulu yokuthola lesi sifo?
Nakuba noma ubani angaba ne-EEE, abanye abantu basengozini enkulu yokuba nayo futhi babe nezimpawu ezimbi kakhulu.
- Izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka eyi-15 kanye nabantu abadala abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-50: Bobabili laba bantu banezinhlelo zomzimba ezibuthakathaka (uhlelo lomzimba olulwa nezifo), ngakho-ke bangahlaselwa kalula yigciwane.
- Abantu abachitha isikhathi esiningi bengaphandle: Abantu abasebenza noma abahlala ezindaweni lapho omiyane baningi khona, ikakhulukazi amaxhaphozi, amahlathi, noma amasimu elayisi, basengozini enkulu. Omiyane basebenza kakhulu ekuseni nakusihlwa, ngakho-ke abantu abangaphandle ngalezi zikhathi nabo basengozini enkulu.
- Abantu abanesifo sokuzivikela komzimba: Lesi sifo singathinta kakhulu abantu abanamandla emizimba yabo okumelana nokugula ancishisiwe ngenxa yezinye izimo zezokwelapha. Isibonelo:
- Isifo sikashukela
- Umfutho wegazi ophakeme
- Isifo sezinso
- Abantu abathola ukwelashwa komdlavuza
- Abantu abafakelwa izitho zomzimba
Yiziphi izinkinga ezingaba khona ngenxa yalesi sifo?
Ngenxa yokuthi i-EEE ithinta ngqo ubuchopho, izinkinga ezibangelwa yiyo zimbi kakhulu. Ngisho noma lesi sifo selapheka, abanye abantu bangase basale nezinkinga zokuphila konke.
- Ukulimala kobuchopho okungapheli: Lena inkinga enkulu kakhulu futhi eyingozi kakhulu.
- Ukuquleka: Ukuquleka okuvamile kungenzeka.
- Ukukhubazeka: Izingxenye zomzimba zingase zikhubazeke.
- Izinguquko zokuziphatha: Izinguquko ezifana nokucasuka kanye nokulahlekelwa yinkumbulo zingase zenzeke.
- Ukukhubazeka kwengqondo: Amakhono okucabanga nokufunda angase anciphe.
- I-Coma: Isimo sokungazi lutho.
Kungenxa yemiphumela emibi kangaka ukuthi kunconywa ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha, noma ngabe kuyimpawu encane.
Ukuxilongwa nokwelashwa kwalesi sifo
Uma uya kudokotela, uzolalela ngokucophelela izimpawu zakho. Uzokubuza izinto ezifana nokuthi ulunywe omiyane muva nje noma ukuthi uke waya ndawo.
Akukho ukuhlolwa okuqondile kwe-EEE. Kodwa-ke, ukuhlolwa kwegazi kungavimbela ezinye izifo. Uma udinga ukwenza ukuxilongwa okuqondile, udokotela wakho angathatha isampula yoketshezi lwakho lwe-cerebrospinal bese eluhlola. Lokhu kuhlola ama-antibodies akhiqizwa ngumzimba wakho ngokumelene negciwane eliseketshezini elizungeze ubuchopho bakho.
Iphathwa kanjani?
Ngeshwa, akukho muthi noma ukwelashwa okuqondile okwamanje kokubulala igciwane le-EEE. Futhi, ama-antibiotic awakwazi ukubulala leli gciwane, ngoba asebenza kuphela kumagciwane.
Ngakho-ke, umgomo oyinhloko wokwelashwa ukulawula izimpawu nokusiza umzimba ukulwa negciwane. Lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi 'ukunakekelwa okusekelayo' .
- Kulabo abanezimpawu ezivamile:
- Phumula kahle.
- Phuza amanzi amaningi kanye noketshezi ukuze uvimbele ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni.
- Ukuthatha imithi yokubulala izinhlungu enconywe udokotela.
- Kulabo abanezimpawu ezinzima:
- Abantu abanjengalaba badinga ngempela ukulaliswa esibhedlela futhi belashwe .
- Isimo sesiguli siqashwa amahora angama-24 ngosuku esibhedlela.
- Uma ingcindezi engaphakathi kogebhezi ikhuphuka ngenxa yokuvuvukala kobuchopho, ukuhlinzwa okufana ne -craniotomy kungadingeka ukuze kuncishiswe ingcindezi.
Okubaluleke kakhulu: Ungazivikela kanjani komiyane?
Akukho muthi wokugomela i-EEE kubantu okwamanje (yize ukhona owamahhashi). Ngakho-ke, indlela engcono kakhulu newukuphela kwayo yokuzivikela kulesi sifo ukugwema ukulunywa omiyane . Lawa macebiso azokusiza ukuthi ugweme hhayi i-EEE kuphela, kodwa nezinye izifo ezithwalwa omiyane ezivame eSri Lanka njenge-dengue, i-chikungunya, kanye ne-encephalitis yaseJapan.
- Sebenzisa izinto zokuxosha omiyane: Sebenzisa into yokuxosha omiyane esetshenziswa esikhumbeni uma uphuma ngaphandle.
- Gqoka izingubo ezimboza umzimba: Gqoka imikhono emide namabhulukwe amade, ikakhulukazi uma uzophuma ekuseni nakusihlwa.
- Susa amanzi amile: Omiyane babekela amaqanda abo emanzini ahlanzekile. Ngakho-ke, hlanza njalo noma yiziphi izindawo engadini yakho lapho amanzi angaqoqana khona, njengamathayi, amathini, amagobolondo kakhukhunathi, kanye nezimbiza zezimbali.
- Faka izikrini eminyango nasemafasiteleni: Lena indlela enhle yokuvimbela omiyane ukuthi bangangeni endlini.
- Sebenzisa amanethi omiyane: Kubaluleke kakhulu ukusebenzisa inethi yomiyane uma ulele ebusuku.
Uma wena noma othile emndenini wakho eba nezimpawu ezinjengomkhuhlane, ikhanda elibuhlungu elibuhlungu kanye nobuhlungu bomzimba, noma izinguquko engqondweni, ungachithi isikhathi bese ubona udokotela ngokushesha noma uye eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) wesibhedlela esiseduze.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Eastern Equine Encephalitis (EEE) iyisifo esiyingozi kakhulu esibangelwa amagciwane esithinta ubuchopho futhi sidluliselwa omiyane.
- Lesi sifo asidluliselwa kusuka komunye umuntu siye komunye; sidluliselwa kuphela ngokulunywa umiyane onegciwane.
- Umkhuhlane, izinhlungu zomzimba, ikhanda elibuhlungu kakhulu, kanye nokushintsha kwengqondo yizimpawu eziyinhloko ezibucayi.
- Njengoba kungekho ukwelashwa okuqondile kwegciwane le-EEE, into engcono kakhulu ongayenza ukugwema lesi sifo.
- Ukuzivikela ekulunyweni omiyane (njengokuzivikela ku-dengue) kuyindlela kuphela yokugwema lesi sifo.
- Uma uhlangabezana nezimpawu ezibucayi ezingenhla ngemva kokulunywa umiyane, funa iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha.
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