Uma uphila negciwane lengculazi, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqonda kahle imithi ngayinye efakiwe ekwelashweni kwakho. Ngoba le mithi yiyo elawula igciwane emzimbeni wakho futhi ikusize uphile impilo enempilo. Namuhla sizokhuluma nge-Efavirenz, umuthi obalulekile onikezwa abantu abaningi. Udume kakhulu ngegama lomkhiqizo i-Sustiva.
Uhlobo luni lomuthi i-Efavirenz?
Kalula nje, i-Efavirenz iwumuthi wokulwa negciwane lengculazi osetshenziswa ukulwa negciwane lengculazi.
Kodwa lapha udinga ukukhumbula into ebaluleke kakhulu. Lo muthi awulona ikhambi eliphelele le-HIV. Okusho ukuthi, awuwususi ngokuphelele igciwane emzimbeni. Kodwa-ke, lo muthi ulawula ukwanda (ukusabalala) kwegciwane le-HIV emzimbeni. Lokhu kunikeza amasosha omzimba wakho impumuzo enkulu.
Futhi, uma isetshenziswa kahle, lo muthi unganciphisa ingozi yokudlulisela igciwane lesandulela ngculaza komunye umuntu. Kodwa awuqedi ingozi ngokuphelele. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuqhubeka nokulandela izindlela eziphephile.
Izinto okudingeka uzitshele udokotela wakho ngaphambi kokuqala imithi
Ngaphambi kokuba udokotela wakho akunike lo muthi, kufanele akunike isithombe esiphelele sempilo yakho. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ekuphepheni kwakho. Qiniseka ukuthi ubatshela ngalezi zinto ikakhulukazi:
- Uma unesifo senhliziyo noma uma kukhona emndenini wakho oke waba naso.
- Uma uke waba umlutha wezidakamizwa noma utshwala ngaphambilini.
- Uma uke waba nokucindezeleka noma ezinye izimo zempilo yengqondo .
- Uma unesifo sesibindi (isib. i-hepatitis).
- Uma unezinkinga zokuxhuzula ezifana nesifo sokuwa .
- Uma okwamanje uthatha noma yimuphi omunye umuthi (wesifo esithile, ama-painkiller, amavithamini, umuthi we-Ayurvedic).
- Uma uke waba nokusabela kokungezwani komzimba ne-efavirenz noma yimuphi omunye umuthi noma ukudla.
- Uma ukhulelwe noma unethemba lokukhulelwa .
- Uma ungumama oncelisayo .
Ungamfihli udokotela wakho lolu lwazi. Ulwazi olunikezayo luzonquma ukwelashwa okufanele nokuphephile kakhulu kuwe.
Ngiyisebenzisa kanjani ngempela le mithi?
Ukuze uthole okuningi kulo muthi, kubalulekile ukuwuthatha njengoba uyalelwe.
- Isikhathi Sokuthatha: Lo muthi uvame ukuthathwa ebusuku ngaphambi kokulala.Kuyelulekwa ukuthi uyithathe ngoba ngeke uzizwe unesiyezi esingaba khona ngesikhathi ulele.
- Indlela Yokuthatha: Lokhu kuza ngesimo se-capsule. Ungayigwinya yonke ngamanzi. Uma unenkinga yokugwinya, ungayivula ngokucophelela i-capsule bese uxuba impuphu engaphakathi nezipuni ezimbalwa zokudla, njenge-yogurt, i-jelly, noma i-applesauce. Uma uyinika ingane encane, ungayixuba nobisi oluncane.
- Inothi elibalulekile: Uma uyixuba nokudla okunje, kufanele uyithathe zingakapheli imizuzu engama-30 . Futhi, ungadli lutho olunye amahora ama-2 ngemuva kokuthatha umuthi ngale ndlela.
- Ungalokothi weqe umthamo: Lena yinto ebaluleke kakhulu. Uma weqa umthamo, unikeza igciwane ithuba lokuba namandla futhi limelane nomuthi. Uma wenza kanjalo, umuthi ungase uyeke ukusebenza kamuva. Ungayeki ukuthatha umuthi ngaphandle kweseluleko sikadokotela wakho, noma ngabe uzizwa ungcono.
Yini okufanele uyenze uma uthatha umuthi omningi kakhulu?
Uma ucabanga ukuthi uthathe umuthi omningi kakhulu, ungesabi. Shayela ngokushesha iNational Poisons Information Centre eColombo National Hospital . Noma uye e-Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) yesibhedlela esiseduze.
Kuthiwani uma ngikhohlwa ukuphuza umuthi?
Thatha umthamo ophuthelwe ngokushesha nje lapho ukhumbula. Kodwa-ke, uma sekuyisikhathi somthamo wakho olandelayo (isb., kusele amahora ambalwa nje), yeqa umthamo ophuthelwe bese uthatha umthamo wakho olandelayo ngesikhathi esihleliwe. Ungalokothi uthathe umthamo ophindwe kabili.
Eminye imithi engase ihlangane ne-Efavirenz
I-Efavirenz umuthi ongasebenzisana neminye imithi, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukwazisa udokotela wakho ngayo yonke imithi oyithathayo.
| Ungalokothi uthathe le mithi nge-Efavirenz. | |
|---|---|
| I-Disopyramide | I-Elbasvir; i-grazoprevir |
| I-Rifapentine | I-Voriconazole |
| Qiniseka ukuthi utshela udokotela wakho uma uthatha le mithi. | |
| Umuthi wesifo senhliziyo | Isibonelo: i-Amiodarone |
| Eminye imithi yokwelapha umalaleveva | Isibonelo: i-Artemether; i-lumefantrine |
| Ama-antibiotic | Isibonelo: I-Clarithromycin, i-Rifampin, i-Rifabutin |
| Ama-hormone abesifazane kanye namaphilisi/izindlela zokuvimbela inzalo | Isibonelo: Ama-Estrogen, ama-Progestin |
| Umuthi womfutho wegazi ophakeme | Isibonelo: i-Diltiazem, i-Nifedipine, i-Verapamil |
| Imithi yokwelapha i-cholesterol | Isibonelo: i-Simvastatin |
| Imithi yokwelapha isifo sengqondo | Izimo ezinjengokucindezeleka nokukhathazeka |
| I-Antifungal | Isibonelo: I-Ketoconazole, i-Itraconazole |
| Imithi yokwelapha ukuxhuzula | Isibonelo: i-Carbamazepine, i-Phenobarbital, i-Phenytoin |
| Eminye imithi ye-HIV, njenge-Methadone ne-Warfarin | Tshela udokotela wakho ngayo yonke imithi oyithathayo. |
Izinto okufanele uziqaphele lapho uthatha lo muthi
- Ukuhlolwa njalo kwezokwelapha: Bonana nodokotela wakho ngesikhathi esibekiwe. Kubalulekile ukwenza izinto ezifana nokuhlolwa kwegazi.
- Ukusabela okukhulu kwesikhumba: Ukusabela okukhulu kwesikhumba kungase kwenzeke zingakapheli amasonto noma izinyanga ezimbalwa uqale lo muthi. Tshela udokotela wakho ngokushesha uma uba nokuqubuka kanye nezimpawu ezifana nomkhuhlane noma ukubanda . Lokhu kuqubuka kungase kube bomvu noma kube nsomi, bese kuba amabala futhi isikhumba singase siphuke. Futhi, bona udokotela ngokushesha uma unesifo sokuqubuka kanye nokuvuvukala kobuso, izindebe, noma iqhubu entanyeni noma emakhwapheni.
- Ukozela kanye nesiyezi: Lo muthi ungakwenza uzizwe ulele futhi unesiyezi. Ngakho-ke, ungashayeli noma usebenzise imishini uze wazi ukuthi lo muthi uthinta kanjani wena. Qaphela lapho uvuka noma uhlala phansi ngokushesha, ikakhulukazi uma usukhulile. Ukuphuza utshwala kungandisa le miphumela emibi.
- Ukulawula inzalo: Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu. Ngesikhathi uthatha i-Efavirenz, amaphilisi akho okulawula inzalo angase angasebenzi kahle . Ngakho-ke, uma ufuna ukugwema ukuba nezingane, qiniseka ukuthi usebenzisa enye indlela yokuvimbela inzalo, njengekhondomu. Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngalokhu ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe.
Yimiphi imiphumela emibi engaba khona?
Njenganoma yimuphi umuthi, i-Efavirenz ingabangela imiphumela emibi. Eminye iyingozi kakhulu, kanti eminye ivamile.
| Imiphumela emibi okufanele ibikwe kudokotela ngokushesha | |
|---|---|
| Ukungezwani komzimba nesikhumba | Ukucasuka kwesikhumba, ukulunywa, ukuqubuka, izilonda emlonyeni, ukuvuvukala kobuso noma kwezindebe. |
| Izinguquko zengqondo | Ukucindezeleka okukhulu, imicabango engavamile, imicabango yokuzibulala, intukuthelo enkulu. |
| Izimpawu zokulimala kwesibindi | Umchamo ophuzi/onsundu omnyama, ukuphuzi kwamehlo noma isikhumba, ubuhlungu engxenyeni engenhla kwesokudla yesisu, ukukhathala okukhulu, isicanucanu, ukulahlekelwa yisifiso sokudla. |
| Ezinye izimpawu ezinkulu | Ukubona noma ukuzwa izinto ezingekho (ukungaqondi), ukungakwazi ukunyakaza noma ukukhuluma ngendlela evamile. |
| Imiphumela emibi evame ukungabi mibi kakhulu, kodwa okufanele ibikwe kudokotela uma iqhubeka | |
| Ukuphazamiseka kwesisu, uhudo, ukuhlanza | Ubunzima bokulala, amaphupho angajwayelekile |
| Isiyezi, ubunzima bokugxilisa ingqondo | Ukuqongelela kwamafutha okhalweni nasemhlane (ukukhuluphala) noma ukuncipha kobuso, izingalo, nemilenze. |
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Efavirenz umuthi olawula igciwane lesandulela ngculaza, kodwa akuyona imithi elapha lesi sifo ngokuphelele.
- Ungayeki ukuthatha imithi oyinikezwe udokotela nganoma yisiphi isizathu. Ungayeki ukuthatha imithi ngaphandle kweseluleko sikadokotela wakho.
- Tshela udokotela wakho ngayo yonke eminye imithi (kufaka phakathi i-Ayurvedic) oyithathayo.
- Funa usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha uma uhlaselwa ukuqubuka okukhulu kwesikhumba, izinguquko esimweni sengqondo, noma izimpawu zesibindi.
- Njengoba ukusebenza kahle kwamaphilisi okuvimbela inzalo kungancishiswa ngenkathi uthatha lo muthi, kubalulekile ukusebenzisa enye indlela yokuzivikela, njengekhondomu.
- Uma unemibuzo noma ukukhathazeka ngalo muthi, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngakho ngokukhululekile.
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