Ingabe amathumbu akho womabili avuvukele? Lokhu kuyi-Enterocolitis!

Ingabe ngezinye izikhathi uzwa ubuhlungu besisu, ukuqunjelwa, kanye nesifo sohudo kanye nezinye izimpawu? Ngezinye izikhathi lokhu kungaba yinto engathi sína kakhulu kunobuhlungu besisu obuvamile. Namuhla sizokhuluma ngesimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-enterocolitis , esingathinta kokubili amathumbu amancane kanye namathumbu amakhulu ngesikhathi esisodwa . Kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi sithinte izingane ezincane kanye nalabo abanezivikeli mzimba ezibuthakathaka.

Ngakho-ke kuyini i-Enterocolitis?

Kalula nje, i-Enterocolitis ukuvuvukala kwesimiso sethu samathumbu. Yakhiwe izingxenye ezimbili. Enye yi-"enteritis", okuyi-inflammation yamathumbu amancane. Enye yi-"colitis", okuyi-inflammation yamathumbu amakhulu. Uma lokhu kokubili kuhlanganiswa, sikubiza ngokuthi i-Enterocolitis.

Ngokuvamile kuvame ukuthi ukuvuvukala kwenzeke emathunjini amancane noma emathunjini amakhulu. Kodwa-ke , uma kokubili kuvuvukala ngesikhathi esisodwa, kungaba kubi kakhulu . Futhi, lesi simo sivame ukuthinta abantu abanamasosha omzimba abuthakathaka, ikakhulukazi izinsana ezisanda kuzalwa nezingane ezincane .

I-Enterocolitis ithinta kanjani umzimba?

Uma amathumbu ethu evuvukala, kuthinta kakhulu ulwelwesi oluthambile lwamathumbu, esilubiza ngokuthi i-mucosa . Lokhu kuvuvukala kubangela ukuthi indawo ivuvuke, kube buhlungu, futhi kushintsha indlela amathumbu akhipha ngayo uketshezi futhi amunce izakhamzimba. Lokhu kungaba nomthelela omkhulu ekugayweni kwakho kokudla kanye nokuhamba kwamathumbu .

Cabanga ngakho, lapho umzimba wethu uthola igciwane, ukutheleleka, noma ukulimala, isimiso sokuzivikela somzimba wethu, isimiso sokuzivikela komzimba , siyaqala ukusebenza. Yilokho ukuvuvukala okuyikho. Ngakho-ke, kanye nokuvuvukala kwamathumbu, izimpawu ezivamile ezifana nokungakhululeki kanye nomkhuhlane nazo zingavela.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-Enterocolitis?

Lezi zimpawu ezivame ukubonakala kulesi simo yilezi:

• Ubuhlungu besisu nokuxhuga.
• Uhudo, ngezinye izikhathi oluhambisana negazi .
• Ukudla akunambitheki.
• Isicanucanu nokuhlanza.
• Imfiva.
• Ukuzizwa ukhathele kakhulu.
• Ukuzizwa sengathi isisu sakho sivuvukile futhi sikhukhumele.

Uma unesinye noma ngaphezulu salezi zimpawu, ikakhulukazi uma zingathuthuki phakathi nezinsuku ezimbalwa, kungcono ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha.

I-enterocolitis ingahlala isikhathi esingakanani?

Kuncike kakhulu ekutheni yini ebangela lesi simo. Imbangela evame kakhulu ukutheleleka . Lokhu kuvame ukuba okwesikhashana. Amasosha ethu omzimba angazilawula ngokwawo. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi kufanele uthathe imithi.

Noma kunjalo, kunezinye izinkinga ezingajwayelekile, isibonelo:I-Enterocolitis, ebangelwa yizinto ezifana nezifo ezihlasela amasosha omzimba, ingahlala isikhathi esithile. Nakuba lezi zimo ezingamahlalakhona zingelapheki ngokuphelele, odokotela bangakunikeza imithi yokulawula ukuvuvukala.

Ziyini izimbangela ze-Enterocolitis?

Eqinisweni, ukuvuvukala kwamathumbu amancane (i-enteritis) kanye namathumbu amakhulu (i-colitis) kungenzeka nganoma yisiphi isizathu, futhi womabili amathumbu angavuvukala, okungukuthi, i-enterocolitis. Kodwa uma lokho kwenzeka, kusho ukuthi kuyisenzo esibi kakhulu kunokujwayelekile , futhi kungasho nokuthi amasosha omzimba abuthakathaka.

Lokhu kuvame ukubangelwa yi:

• Ukutheleleka ngegciwane: Isibonelo, umkhuhlane wesisu.
• Ukutheleleka kwezinambuzane: njenge-giardiasis.
• Ukutheleleka ngamagciwane: njengokungenwa yisifo sokudla.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile kwezinto ezithile kungaba yimbangela. Isibonelo, ukuqhubeka nokusebenzisa utshwala, izidakamizwa ezifana ne-cocaine, kanye nezinye izidakamizwa ezithengiswa ngaphandle kwemithi kadokotela. Futhi, izifo zamathumbu ezingamahlalakhona ezifana nesifo se-Celiac kanye nesifo sikaCrohn nazo zingadala lokhu.

Uma amasosha akho omzimba ebuthakathaka, kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi ube ne-enterocolitis. Lesi simo sivame ukuthinta izinsana nezingane ezincane , kanye nabantu abanezifo ezingamahlalakhona, njenge -HIV .

Ingabe kukhona izinhlobo ezithile ze-enterocolitis?

Yebo, odokotela bathole izinhlobo ezithile ze-enterocolitis. Lezi zihlukaniswe ngezigaba ngokusekelwe ezibangela lokhu. Lezi izifo eziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu ezingathinta amathumbu womabili.

I-Necrotizing Enterocolitis (NEC)

Lokhu kuvame kakhulu ezinganeni ezigulayo, ezizalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi . Lezi zingane sezivele zingenawo amasosha omzimba aqinile. Ngisho noma zinikwa amagciwane avamile ngobisi lwebele, amathumbu azo ayasabela kabi. Ukuvuvukala nokuvuvukala kukhulu kangangokuthi igazi eliya odongeni lwamathumbu liyanqamuka, bese kuqala ukufa kwezicubu . Yilokho okushiwo igama elithi "ukufa".

Odokotela abazi kahle ukuthi yini ebangela i-NEC. Kungaba ukuthi amathumbu engane awanalo igazi elanele, noma ukuthi igazi liyenza ibe sengozini enkulu yokutheleleka ngamagciwane. Zombili lezi zinto zibonakala zinesandla.

I-Pseudomembrane Enterocolitis

Lokhu kubizwa nangokuthi i-enterocolitis ehlobene nama-antibiotic . Kubangelwa ukutheleleka ngamagciwane. Okumangalisayo ukuthi kwelashwa ngama-antibiotic .Ukusetshenziswa kwama-antibiotic nakho kuyimbangela. Ibhaktheriya ekhethekile ebizwa ngokuthi i-Clostridium difficile (C. diff) iyimbangela yalokhu. Lokhu kutheleleka kwe-'C. diff' kuvame ukuvela kubantu abathathe ama-antibiotic ukuze baphathe olunye ukutheleleka. Ama-antibiotic amaningi awabulali i-'C. diff', kodwa ayabulala amabhaktheriya amahle asemathunjini ethu abulala i-'C. diff'. Khona-ke i-'C. diff' ingakhula kalula ingalawuleki.

Njengoba leli gciwane likhula, likhipha ubuthi olwelwesini lwamathumbu. Abanye abantu bangaba nokusabela okukhulu kula ma-toxin, okuholela esimweni esibizwa ngokuthi i-enterocolitis. Lokhu kutheleleka kuvame ezibhedlela nasezindlini zokunakekela asebekhulile ngenxa yokuzivikela okuphansi kwabahlali, ukusetshenziswa kakhulu kwama -antibiotic , kanye nekhono lamabhaktheriya e-C. diff lokusinda isikhathi eside ezindaweni ezahlukene.

I-Hemorrhagic Enterocolitis

Lesi simo singabangelwa ukutheleleka yi- E. coli . I-E. coli yibhaktheriya evame ukuhlala ngokungenangozi emathunjini ethu. Kodwa-ke, uhlobo olukhethekile olubizwa ngokuthi i-Enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC) , noma i-Shiga toxin-producing E. coli (STEC), luyingozi. Lolu hlobo lunamathela olwelwesini lwamathumbu ethu futhi lukhiqiza ubuthi obubizwa ngokuthi ubuthi be-Shiga obubangela ukuvuvukala nokopha kwegazi.

"I-Enterohemorrhagic" isho ukuphuma kwegazi emathunjini amancane. Abantu abasabela kakhulu ku-Shiga toxin bangaba ne-enterocolitis kanye nokopha emathunjini womabili. Lokhu kubangela uhudo olunegazi (i-dysentery) . Lesi simo sivame ukuhlasela izingane ezincane kakhulu kanye nabantu asebekhulile .

I-Enterocolitis Syndrome Ebangelwa Amaprotheni Okudla (ama-FPIES)

Lokhu kubangelwa ukungezwani kokudla. Kuthinta kakhulu izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka emibili. Kubangela ukuvuvukala kolwelwesi lwamathumbu azo. I-'FPIES' iwukungezwani komzimba okubangelwa yi-non-IgE . Ngakho-ke ihlukile kwezinye izinto zokungezwani komzimba okungenzeka ukuthi wake wezwa ngazo.

Ezimweni eziningi zokungezwani komzimba, amasosha omzimba wethu akhiqiza ama-antibodies athile abizwa ngokuthi ama-IgE antibodies ngokumelene ne-allergen. Lawa ma-antibodies abangela ukusabela okusheshayo, okubangela izimpawu ekhaleni, emphinjeni, emaphashini nasesikhumbeni. Kodwa-ke, ezimweni zokungezwani komzimba okungezona eze-IgE, ama-antibodies 'e-IgE' awakhiqizwa. Esikhundleni salokho, ukusabela okubambezelekile kwenzeka kuphela emathunjini, okubangela izimpawu ze-enterocolitis.

I-Enterocolitis Ehlobene ne-Hirschsprung

Lesi yisifo seHirschsprung.Isifo sikaHirschsprung siyinkinga evamile neyingozi yokukhubazeka kokuzalwa okuthinta amathumbu amakhulu. Izingane ezinesifo sikaHirschsprung zinokuntuleka kwezinhlobo ezithile zamaseli olwelwesini lwamathumbu amakhulu, ngokuvamile endaweni eyodwa. Lawa maseli ahilelekile ekuncipheni kwemisipha okusiza ukuhambisa indle emathunjini amakhulu, okubizwa ngokuthi i-peristalsis .

Kule ndawo engenamaseli, indle inamathela endaweni eyodwa futhi ayikwazi ukuqhubeka, okudala ukuvaleka . Lokhu kuvimbeka kudala indawo enhle yokuthi amabhaktheriya akhule. Lokhu kukhula kwamabhaktheriya kusakazeka kuwo wonke amathumbu, ekugcineni kubhubhise ulwelwesi lwamathumbu, okuvumela amabhaktheriya ukuthi angene kulolo ngqimba. Zonke lezi zinto zingasiza ekuthuthukisweni kwe-enterocolitis.

I-Neutropenic Enterocolitis

Lokhu kuthinta abantu abanesimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-neutropenia . Lokhu kusho ukuthi banamazinga aphansi kunavamile ohlobo lweseli elimhlophe legazi elibizwa ngokuthi i-neutrophils . Lawa ma-neutrophil yiwona avame ukusiza ekusivikeleni ezifweni. Abantu abane-neutropenia banamathuba amaningi okuthola izifo ezinkulu, futhi bangaba ne-enterocolitis.

Abantu abaningi abane-neutropenic enterocolitis bathole ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali okwelapha umdlavuza wegazi njenge- leukemia kanye ne-lymphoma . Lezi zimo zibangela i-neutropenia, kanti ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali nakho kungenza buthaka ulwelwesi lwamathumbu. Kodwa-ke, kungenzeka nakubantu abane-neutropenia ebangelwa ezinye izimo, njenge -HIV/AIDS kanye nezifo ezizimele .

I-Enterocolitis itholakala kanjani?

Eqinisweni, izimpawu ze-enteritis, i-colitis, kanye ne-enterocolitis zifana kakhulu. Udokotela angase angakwazi ukusho ngokushesha ukuthi iyiphi ingxenye yamathumbu akho ethintekile. Kodwa-ke, ngokusekelwe ezimpawini zakho zomzimba, uzosola ukuvuvukala. Ngemuva kwalokho, umsebenzi wakhe ukuthola ukuthi yini ebangela lokhu. Kungaleso sikhathi kuphela lapho uhlobo oluthile lwe-enterocolitis lungatholakala khona.

Odokotela basebenzisa ukuhlolwa kwegazi, ukuhlolwa kwendle, kanye nokuhlolwa kwezithombe ukuze bathole imbangela. Ukuhlolwa kwezithombe, njenge- ultrasound yesisu noma i-CT scan, kungabheka ubufakazi bokuvuvukala emathunjini kanye nezinkinga ezingaba khona. Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kanye nokuhlolwa kwendle kungasiza ekuboneni izifo ezithile noma izifo ezingase zihileleke.

Odokotela baphatha kanjani i-enterocolitis?

Ukwelashwa kuncike embangela. Ukwelashwa okusheshayo kungafaka:

• Ukunikeza ama-antibiotic , ama-antiviral, noma imithi yokulwa nezibungu ukuze kwelashwe izifo.
• Ukunikeza uketshezi olufakwa emthanjeni (i-IV fluids) kanye nama-electrolyte ukwelapha ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni okubangelwa uhudo nokuhlanza.
• Ukunikeza ama-corticosteroids ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala.
• Ukunikeza imithi yokwelapha izinhlungu.

Kwezinye izimo ezinzima, iziguli zingadinga:

• Ukususwa koketshezi, igesi, noma izinto eziqinile emathunjini noma emgodini we-peritoneal (ukukhipha amanzi) .
• Ukuhlinzwa ukulungisa imbobo emathunjini, ukususa ukuvaleka, noma ukususa izicubu ezifile.
• Ukuhlinzwa kwesikhashana kwe-colostomy noma i-ileostomy ukuze kuqondiswe kabusha indlela yokudla kuze kube yilapho amathumbu ephola.
• Ukuhlinzeka ngokudla okunomsoco ngemithambo yegazi (ukudla okunomsoco nge-IV) .

Ingabe ingane yami izolulama uma ithola i-enterocolitis?

Izimo ezithinta izingane, ikakhulukazi i-necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) kanye ne-Hirschsprung-associated enterocolitis, zingaba yingozi empilweni . Kodwa-ke, ngokuxilongwa nokwelashwa ngesikhathi esifanele, izingane eziningi ziyalulama . Ezinye zingase zibe nezifo ezingapheli noma ezinye izinkinga zesikhathi eside.

Ngakho-ke, uma ingane yakho encane ibonisa noma yiziphi zalezi zimpawu, bona udokotela ngokushesha okukhulu. Uma usheshe ukuqaphela, kuba lula kakhulu ukwelapha.

Yiziphi izinkinga ezingaba khona ze-enterocolitis enzima?

Izinkinga zingafaka:

• Ukuqiniswa kanye nokuvinjelwa: Ukuvuvukala isikhathi eside kanye nokulimala kolwelwesi lwamathumbu kungaholela ekuqhekekeni. Lesi sicubu singanciphisa amathumbu futhi senze kube nzima ukuthi ukudla okuqinile kudlule.
• I-Ischemia kanye ne-necrosis: Uma igazi eliya olwelwesini lwamathumbu linqamuka, izicubu zingafa. Lezi zicubu ezifile kumele zisuswe ukuze kulondolozwe izingxenye ezisele.
• Isifo samathumbu amafushane: Izingane ezikhishwe ingxenye yamathumbu azo ngenxa yezinkinga zingase zibe nobunzima bokumunca izakhamzimba ekudleni (ukungamuncwa kahle). Lokhu kungaholela ekungondleki kahle, ukwehluleka ukukhula, kanye nokubambezeleka kokukhula nokuthuthuka.
• I-Cholestasis: Ngesikhathi se-enterocolitis, i-bile inganqwabelana emigudwini ye-bile yezingane ezingakwazi ukugaya ukudla ngendlela evamile. Uma i-bile ingagelezi kahle emathunjini ukusiza ekugayeni ukudla, inganqwabelana futhi iqhume, yakhe amatshe enyongo.Kungabangela nokuthi inyongo igcwale enyongweni nasesibindini, okubangela ukuvuvukala.
• Ukubhoboka kwamathumbu: Ukufa kwezicubu, ukulimala okukhulu, noma ukuhlasela kwamagciwane kungabangela ukuthi ulwelwesi lwamathumbu luqhekeke noma lubhoboka, okuvumela amagciwane ukuthi aphume.
• I-Septicemia, i-Sepsis, kanye ne-Shock: Uma ukutheleleka okuphuma emathunjini kusakazekela emgodini wesisu (i-peritonitis), kungasakazekela egazini (i-septicemia). Lokhu kungabangela ukuvuvukala kanye nokujiya kwegazi emzimbeni wonke (i-sepsis). I-Sepsis iyisimo esiphuthumayo . Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, ingaholela ekushaqekeni kwe-septic . Lokhu kungabangela ukwehluleka kwezitho eziningi kanye nokufa.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu okufanele uyikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Ukuvuvukala kwamathumbu kuvamile, ikakhulukazi uma kubangelwa ukutheleleka. Kodwa-ke, uma kuthinta amathumbu akho amancane kanye ne-colon ngesikhathi esisodwa, okubizwa ngokuthi i-enterocolitis, kungaba yingozi kakhulu . Lesi simo sivame ukuthinta abantu abanezivikeli mzimba ezibuthakathaka. Ngakho-ke, singaba sesabeka kakhulu kunobuhlungu besisu obuvamile kulabo ababhekana naso kanye nabathandekayo babo.

Kodwa-ke, ngokunakekela nangokuphendula ngokushesha , odokotela bangayilapha le nkinga ngaphambi kokuba kuvele izinkinga. Uma wena noma othandekayo wakho ninomzimba obuthakathaka, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela ingozi ye-enterocolitis. Uma ubona noma yiziphi izimpawu, ungalibali futhi ufune iseluleko sezokwelapha. Ngemuva kwalokho singayilawula le nkinga ngaphambi kokuba ibe yimbi kakhulu.

I- Enterocolitis, ukutheleleka kwamathumbu, ukuvuvukala kwesisu, isifo sohudo, izifo zobuntwana, ukuzivikela komzimba, ukugaya ukudla