Kuyini i-meningitis? Ake sifunde ngalesi sifo esiyingozi ngamazwi alula!

Mhlawumbe uke wezwa ngesifo esibizwa ngokuthi i-meningitis, akunjalo? Mhlawumbe umngane wakho noma ilungu lomndeni wakho uke waba naso. Noma mhlawumbe uke wezwa ephephandabeni noma ku-TV. Leli yigama elithusayo ngempela. Kodwa-ke, uma sinolwazi olufanele ngalesi sifo, singabhekana naso ngaphandle kokwesaba. Ngakho-ke namuhla, ake sixoxe ngalesi sifo esibizwa ngokuthi i-meningitis ngendlela elula ongayiqonda, kulungile?

Kuyini i-meningitis? Kalula nje...

Kalula nje, i-meningitis ukuvuvukala kwezicubu ezivikelayo ezizungeze ubuchopho bethu kanye nomgogodla . Lezi zizicubu ezivikelayo sizibiza ngokuthi ama-meninges . Cabanga ngakho njengokubeka isikhwama somcamelo emcamelweni wakho, lezi zinhlayiya ze-meninges zikhona ukuvikela ubuchopho bethu kanye nomgogodla. Ngakho-ke lapho lezi zinhlayiya ze-meninges zivuvukala ngesizathu esithile, okungukuthi, lapho zivuvukala , yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi i-meningitis.

Lokhu kuvuvukala kungacindezela ubuchopho kanye nomgogodla, yingakho lokhu kungaba yisimo esibi kakhulu.

Yiziphi izimbangela eziyinhloko ze-meningitis?

I-Meningitis ivame ukubangelwa ukungena kwamagciwane ahlukahlukene . Ake sibheke izimbangela eziyinhloko.

1. I-Meningitis ebangelwa amagciwane (i-Viral Meningitis)

Lolu uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lwe-meningitis. Ngenhlanhla, aluyona ingozi njengezinye izinhlobo. Esikhathini esiningi, luzophela ngokwalo phakathi kwezinsuku ezimbalwa kuya esontweni elilodwa noma amabili.

Lesi simo singabangelwa izinhlobo ezahlukene zamagciwane. Isibonelo, amagciwane abangela izifo ezifana ne-mumps kanye ne-measles, ama-enterovirus, kanye namagciwane e-herpes angabangela i-viral meningitis.

2. I-Bacterial Meningitis

Lolu uhlobo lwe-meningitis oluyingozi kakhulu nolusongela ukuphila . Uma lokhu kwenzeka , kufanele ulaliswe esibhedlela ngokushesha bese uqala ukwelashwa . Ngaphandle kwalokho, kungaba nezinkinga ezinkulu njengokulimala kobuchopho, ukulahlekelwa ukuzwa, ngisho nokufa.

Izinhlobo eziningana zamagciwane zibangela lokhu. Isibonelo, *i-Streptococcus pneumoniae*, *i-Neisseria meningitidis* (uhlobo olubangela i-meningococcal meningitis luyingozi kakhulu), kanye *ne-Haemophilus influenzae uhlobo b (i-Hib)* yiwona magciwane ayinhloko. Imijovo yokugoma iyatholakala ngokumelene namanye ala magciwane, ngakho-ke ukugoma kubaluleke kakhulu.

3. I-Fungal Meningitis

Lolu uhlobo olungavamile. Luvame ukwenzeka kubantu abanesimiso somzimba esibuthakathaka.Isibonelo, abantu abane-HIV/AIDS, iziguli ezinomdlavuza, noma labo abasebenzisa imithi yokucindezela amasosha omzimba basengozini enkulu yokuthola lolu hlobo lwe-meningitis. Lusakazeka ngokuhogela ama-spores esikhunta endaweni ezungezile.

4. I-Parasitic Meningitis

Lesi futhi yisimo esingavamile kakhulu. Ezinye izimuncagazi zingabangela lolu hlobo lwe-meningitis.

5. Ezinye izimbangela ezingathelelani (i-Non-Infectious Meningitis)

Ngezinye izikhathi, ama-meninges angavuvukala ngezizathu ezingezona igciwane. Isibonelo, ezinye izinhlobo zomdlavuza, ukusabela okubi emithini ethile, ukulimala ekhanda, noma izifo zokuzivikela komzimba kungabangela lesi simo. Kodwa-ke, lokhu nakho akuvamile.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-meningitis? Sizibona kanjani?

Izimpawu ze-Meningitis zingavela ngokuzumayo, ngezinye izikhathi zingakapheli amahora ambalwa, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuqaphela lezi zimpawu.

Izimpawu ezivamile ezibonakala kubantu abadala kanye nezingane ezincane:

• Umkhuhlane Ophakeme : Umzimba ushisa ngokuzumayo futhi ushisa.
• Ikhanda Elibuhlungu Kakhulu : Ikhanda elibuhlungu kakhulu kunekhanda elivamile futhi elingabekezeleleki.
• Intamo Eqinile : Kunzima kakhulu ukugoba intamo phambili, futhi izwakala iqinile.
• Isicanucanu nokuhlanza .
• Ukuzwela ekukhanyeni / ukwesaba ukukhanya : Ubunzima bokubuka ukukhanya, uzizwa sengathi amehlo akho aphenduka abe luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
• Ukudideka, Ubunzima Bokugxilisa Ingqondo : Ubunzima bokugxilisa ingqondo, ukuzizwa ukhathazekile, nokuzizwa sengathi uyaphambana.
• Ukulala noma Ubunzima Bokuvuka .
• Ukuntuleka kwesifiso sokudla .
• Ukuqhuma Kwesikhumba : Ngezinye izikhathi, ikakhulukazi uma kubangelwa amagciwane afana ne-Meningococcal Meningitis, amabala amancane abomvu noma ansomi (i-Petechiae noma i-Purpura) angavela esikhumbeni. Uma la mabala engaphenduki uma ehlolwa ngengilazi (ukuqhuma okungashisi), kuyisibonakaliso esiyingozi.

Okubalulekile: Uma umuntu eba nophawu olulodwa noma ngaphezulu ngokuzumayo, funa iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha . Isikhathi sibaluleke kakhulu lapha.

Izimpawu ze-meningitis ezinganeni

Uma izingane ezincane ziba ne-meningitis, zingase zingabonisi izimpawu ezifanayo nezabantu abadala, ngakho abazali kufanele baqaphele kakhulu ngalokhu.

• Umkhuhlane ophezulu .
• Ukukhala Okungapheli : Ngezinye izikhathi ungakhala ngezwi eliphansi neliphezulu.
• Ukulala ngokweqile noma ukucasuka: Ingane ihlala ibukeka ilele, noma ixakeka kakhulu.
• Ukungasebenzi noma Ubuvila .
• Ukuncipha noma ukwenqaba ukuphuza ubisi (Ukungadli kahle) .
• Ukuvuvukala kwe-Fontanelle: Indawo ethambile ekhanda lengane yakho (ebizwa nangokuthi "i-fontanelle") ingase ibonakale ivuvukele futhi ivuvukele.
• Ukuqina Emzimbeni Wengane Nasentanyeni .
• Mhlawumbe ukuxhuzula .

Kubaluleke kakhulu: Uma umntwana enanoma yiziphi zalezi zimpawu, myise kudokotela wezingane oseduze noma esibhedlela sikahulumeni ngaphandle kokulibala. Endabeni yezingane ezincane, ukuthatha isinyathelo esisheshayo kungasindisa impilo.

I-meningitis idluliselwa kanjani?

Indlela i-meningitis edluliselwa ngayo iyahlukahluka kuye ngohlobo lwegciwane eliyibangelayo.

• I-meningitis ebangelwa amagciwane kanye namagciwane ngokuvamile ingasakazeka isuka komunye umuntu iye komunye, njengomkhuhlane noma umkhuhlane.
• Amaconsi okuphefumula akhishwa lapho ukhwehlela noma uthimula.
• Ukusondelana eduze nomuntu onegciwane. Isibonelo, phakathi kwabantu abahlala endlini efanayo noma abasebenza endaweni efanayo.
• Ngokuqabulana.
• Ngokusebenzisa (ukwabelana) izinto ezifana nezitsha, izinto zokusanhlamvu, namathawula asetshenziswe ngumuntu onegciwane.
• Kodwa khumbula, ayisabalali kalula njengomkhuhlane ovamile. Ngokuvamile, abantu abasondelene nabo isikhathi eside basengozini enkulu yokutheleleka.
• I-meningitis yesikhunta ayisabalali isuka komunye umuntu iye komunye. Ibangelwa ukuhogela ama-spores esikhunta atholakala endaweni ezungezile.

Uma kusolwa ukuthi une-meningitis, kufanele ngibone udokotela?

Yebo, nakanjani! Azikho ezimbili zalezi.

Ikakhulukazi uma kusolwa ukuthi i-bacterial meningitis iyinkinga yezokwelapha . Ukwelashwa kufanele kuqalwe ngokushesha okukhulu. Akuyona into enhle ukulinda ubone ukuthi izophela yini. Umzuzu ngamunye wokulibala ungasongela impilo futhi wandise ingozi yokukhubazeka unomphela ngisho noma isiguli silulama.

Odokotela bayixilonga kanjani i-meningitis? (Ukuxilongwa)

Uma ubona udokotela onezimpawu ze-meningitis, into yokuqala abazoyenza ukukubuza ngezimpawu zakho bese bekuhlola. Ngemuva kwalokho bangenza izivivinyo eziningana ukuqinisekisa ukuthi unesifo.

• Ukubhoboza Kwethambo: Lokhu ukuhlolwa okubaluleke kakhulu nokubaluleke kakhulu ekuxilongweni kwe-meningitis.
• Kalula nje, lokhu kuhilela ukuthatha inani elincane loketshezi lwe-cerebrospinal (CSF) oluzungeze intambo yomgogodla wakho, emhlane wakho ongezansi. Lokhu kwenziwa kusetshenziswa inalithi encane kakhulu.
• Uketshezi luthunyelwa elabhorethri ukuze luhlolwe amagciwane, izinguquko zamaseli, kanye namazinga amaprotheni noshukela. Lolu lwazi lungasiza ekunqumeni ukuthi ngabe kukhona yini i-meningitis nokuthi iyini imbangela (igciwane, amagciwane, njll.).
• "Lokhu kungase kubonakale kusabisa kancane kuwe. Kodwa odokotela bakwenza lokhu ngokucophelela nangokuqeqeshwa. Ngakho-ke ungesabi ngokungadingekile."
• Ukuhlolwa Kwegazi: Lokhu kuhlolwa kusiza ukuhlola izifo kanye nobunzima egazini.
• I-CT Scan noma i-MRI Scan: Ngezinye izikhathi, lokhu kuskena kungenziwa ukuze kuhlolwe ezinye izinkinga, njengokuvuvukala kobuchopho noma amathumba.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha i-meningitis? (Ukwelashwa)

Ukwelashwa kwe-meningitis kuncike embangela.

• I-Bacterial Meningitis:
• Lesi yisimo esiphuthumayo, ngakho-ke ukulaliswa esibhedlela ngokushesha kubalulekile.
• Ukwelashwa kufaka phakathi ama-antibiotic e-intravenous (IV) . Lokhu kwelashwa kufanele kuqalwe ngokushesha okukhulu.
• Ngezinye izikhathi, imithi ebizwa ngokuthi ama-corticosteroids inganikezwa ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala.
• I-Viral Meningitis:
• Esikhathini esiningi, lokhu kuzophela ngokwako, ngakho-ke akukho ukwelashwa okuqondile. Ngoba ama-antibiotic awasebenzi kuma-virus .
• Ukwelashwa kuhloswe kakhulu ekunciphiseni izimpawu. Isibonelo:
• Phumula kahle.
• Phuza amanzi amaningi kanye noketshezi.
• Imithi yokunciphisa ubuhlungu yomkhuhlane kanye nekhanda elibuhlungu.
• Kodwa-ke, kwezinye izimo ezimbi kakhulu ze-viral meningitis, kungadingeka ukuthi ulaliswe esibhedlela.
• I-Meningitis ye-Fungal:
• Lokhu kwelashwa ngemithi yokukhunta , evame ukunikezwa ngemithambo yegazi isikhathi eside.
• Okunye Ukunakekelwa Okusekelayo: Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuye ngesimo sesiguli, izinto ezifana nokunikeza umoya-mpilo, ukulawula amazinga oketshezi emzimbeni, kanye nokwelapha izimo ezifana nokuxhuzula nazo zenziwa.

Yiziphi izinkinga ezingaba khona ngenxa ye-meningitis?

I-Meningitis, ikakhulukazi i-bacterial meningitis, ingaholela ezinkingeni ezahlukahlukene uma ingelashwa ngokushesha noma uma lesi sifo siba sibi kakhulu, ezinye zazo ezingaba khona impilo yonke.

• Ukulahlekelwa ukuzwa noma ukulahlekelwa ukuzwa ngokuphelele.
• Ukukhubazeka Kokufunda .
• Izinkinga Zenkumbulo .
• Ukulimala kobuchopho .
• Izinkinga Zokuhamba/Ubunzima Bokuhamba .
• Ukuxhuzula okuvamile (Isithuthwane / Ukuxhuzula Okuphindaphindiwe) .
• Ukwehluleka Kwezinso .
• Ukushaqeka .
• Ukunqunywa kwamalungu omzimba ngenxa yokulahlekelwa igazi – ikakhulukazi ezimweni ze-meningococcal septicemia.
• Ukufa .

Yingakho sihlala sithi uma unezimpawu ze-meningitis, funa iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha . Ukwelashwa okusheshayo kunganciphisa kakhulu ingozi yokuthola izinkinga ezinkulu kangaka.

Yini esingayenza ukuze sizivikele kwi-meningitis? (Ukuvimbela)

"Ukuvimbela kungcono kunokwelapha." Okusho ukuthi, kungcono ukuvimbela lesi sifo ukuthi singabi khona kunokuselapha ngemva kokuba sesiqalile. Ngakho-ke kunezinto eziningana esingazenza ukuze sizivikele ku-meningitis.

• Ukugoma:
• Indlela engcono kakhulu yokuzivikela ezinhlotsheni ezithile eziyingozi ze-bacterial meningitis ukugonywa .
• Kunemithi yokugomela ukuvikela i-meningitis ebangelwa amagciwane *i-Haemophilus influenzae uhlobo b (Hib)*, *i-Pneumococcal*, kanye *ne-Meningococcal*.
• Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi izingane ezincane ezweni lethu zilandele uHlelo Lukazwelonke Lokugoma, olunikezwa uhulumeni. Luhlanganisa eminye yale mithi yokugoma.
• Buza udokotela wakho ngemigomo esetshenziswa enganeni yakho noma kuwe.
• Imikhuba Emihle Yokuhlanzeka:
• Geza izandla zakho kahle njalo ngensipho namanzi. Ikakhulukazi ngaphambi kokudla, ngemva kokusebenzisa indlu yangasese, nangemva kokumboza umlomo nekhala ngesandla sakho uma ukhwehlela noma uthimula.
• Ungabelani ngokudla, iziphuzo, izitsha, izinto zokusika, amabhodlela amanzi, ama-lip balm, kanye nama-brush brush nabanye.
• Mboza umlomo nekhala lakho ngeduku noma ngethishu uma ukhwehlela noma uthimula. Noma khwehlela/thimula ungene engonweni yendololwane yakho.
• Uma unomkhuhlane noma umkhuhlane, hlala ekhaya ngangokunokwenzeka ukuze ugweme ukuthelela abanye.
• Gcina Isimiso Sokuzivikela Esiqinile:
• Yidla ukudla okunomsoco.
• Lala ngokwanele.
• Ukuzivocavoca umzimba.
• Gwema ukubhema.
• Ukuvimbela Abantu Abaseduze: Akuvamile, uma umuntu eba ne-bacterial meningitis, odokotela bangase banikeze ama-antibiotic okuvimbela ukuvimbela lesi sifo ukuthi singasabalali kubantu abasondelene kakhulu naye (isib. amalungu omndeni, abantu abahlala ndawonye).

Kungenzeka yini ukululama ngokuphelele ku-meningitis? (Ukululama)

Abantu abaningi, ikakhulukazi labo abane-viral meningitis, bayalulama ngokuphelele ngaphandle kwezinkinga zesikhathi eside.

Kodwa-ke, ukululama ekuguleni kwe-bacterial meningitis kungathatha isikhathi. Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, abanye abantu bangase babe nezinkinga zesikhathi eside. Kodwa-ke, uma lesi sifo sitholakala kusenesikhathi futhi ukwelashwa okufanele kuqalwe ngokushesha , amathuba okululama kanye nekhono lokuphila impilo enhle aphezulu kakhulu.

Ngisho nangemva kokululama, kubalulekile ukulandela njengoba kuqondiswe udokotela wakho.

Umyalezo Wokugcina Wokuya Nasekhaya

Kulungile, ngakho-ke sikhulume kakhulu nge-meningitis namuhla. Ekuphetheni, nazi izinto ezibaluleke kakhulu okudingeka uzikhumbule:

• I-Meningitis ukuvuvukala kwezicubu ezivikelayo ezizungeze ubuchopho nomgogodla.
• Lokhu kungabangelwa kakhulu amagciwane namagciwane. Kukhona futhi isikhunta nezinye izimbangela.
• I-bacterial meningitis iyisimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha futhi sidinga ukwelashwa ngokushesha.
• Izimpawu eziyinhloko umkhuhlane omkhulu, ikhanda elibuhlungu kakhulu, intamo eqinile, ukuzwela ukukhanya, kanye nokudideka . Izimpawu ezinganeni ezincane zingase ziguquke kakhulu.
• Uma usola ukuthi une-meningitis noma unezinye zalezi zimpawu, bona udokotela ngokushesha ngaphandle kokulibala.
• Ukugoma kanye nemikhuba emihle yokuhlanzeka kungavikela ezinhlotsheni ezithile ze-meningitis.

Ngiyethemba ukuthi lolu lwazi luwusizo kuwe. Khumbula, into ebaluleke kakhulu ukunakekela impilo yethu. Uma unemibuzo noma ukungabaza, ungangabazi ukubuza udokotela. Hlala uphilile!

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