Wake wambona umuntu esiza omunye umuntu ngaphandle kokulindela lutho? Mhlawumbe kwakuwukupha umuntu ongenamakhaya ukudla emgwaqweni, noma ukusiza umuntu osekhulile ukuba awele umgwaqo. Ngaleso sikhathi, ingabe wezwa injabulo engavamile, ukufudumala enhliziyweni yakho? Njengomuzwa omuhle ovela ngaphakathi esifubeni sakho... Akuyena wena wedwa, abantu abaningi baye baba nokuhlangenwe nakho okunjalo. Ingabe lokhu kumane nje kuwumuzwa, noma kuyinto ejulile? Sikhuluma ngalomuzwa omuhle namuhla.
Ingabe likhona igama lalo muzwa omangalisayo?
Yebo, kukhona igama lalokhu. Kwezengqondo, kubizwa ngokuthi
'Ukuphakama' . Kalula nje, kuwumuzwa wobungcweti noma ukuphakama. Umuntu wokuqala owakhuluma ngokujulile ngalomqondo kwakungudokotela wengqondo ogama lakhe linguDkt. Jonathan Haidt. Waqala ukucabanga ngalokhu lapho ezwa inkulumo kaNelson Mandela waseNingizimu Afrika ngemuva kokukhululwa ejele ngemuva kweminyaka eminingi. Cabanga nje, wathi esikhundleni sokuzonda labo ababembophile impilo yakhe yonke, wabathethelela bonke futhi bama ndawonye njengezwe. Ngaleso sikhathi, lo muzwa uJonathan Haidt awuzwa ubizwa ngokuthi 'Ukuphakama'. Wazizwa sengathi umzimba wakhe uyathuthumela, sengathi umuzwa ofudumele omangalisayo wawukhuphuka esifubeni sakhe. Waqaphela ukuthi lokhu kwakungeyona nje umuzwa, lokhu kwakuyinto efanele ukufundwa ngokwesayensi.
'Ukuphakama' umuzwa ofudumele nokhuthazayo owutholayo lapho ubona othile enza into enhle, enesibindi, noma enomusa kakhulu.
Kuyini i-Positive Psychology?
Umqondo 'wokuphakama' ungowegatsha elisha le-psychology elibizwa ngokuthi
i-Positive Psychology . Manje ungase uzibuze, "Kuyini i-positive psychology?" Kalula nje, i-psychology igxile ezifweni zengqondo zabantu, izinkinga, kanye nobuthakathaka (isib.,
ukucindezeleka ,
ukukhathazeka , ukuhlukumezeka). Okusho ukuthi,
yini engalungile ngomuntu. Kodwa i-positive psychology yenza okuphambene nalokho. Okusho ukuthi, ibheka
okuhle nokuthi yini enamandla kubantu . Isibonelo, ifunda izinto ezifana nenjabulo, umusa, intethelelo, ithemba, kanye nencazelo yokuphila. Lokhu akusho ukuthi akulungile ukubheka
izifo zengqondo . Kodwa lokho kukodwa akwanele. Njengakwelinye icala lemali, ithi futhi sidinga ukwazi ukuthi yini eyenza umuntu abe nempilo engqondweni futhi ajabule. Esinye isazi sezengqondo, uChristopher Peterson, siyabuza, "
Ukucindezeleka"Futhi uma sazi okuningi kangaka ngokuhlukumezeka, kungani singazi okuningi kangaka ngezinto ezenza ukuphila kube yigugu?" Lowo ngumbuzo oshukumisa ingqondo ngempela, akunjalo?
Ingabe umuzwa 'wokuphakama' ungaqinisekiswa ngokwesayensi?
UDkt. Haidt wenze izifundo eziningana ngalo muzwa 'wokuphakama'. Kokunye ukuhlola, wacela abafundi baseyunivesithi ukuba babhale ngesikhathi lapho babebone khona imfanelo enhle kumuntu. Ukuze kuqhathaniswe, elinye iqembu lacelwa ukuba libhale ngenjabulo evamile abayizwa ngemva kokufeza umgomo. Kokunye ukuhlola, wabonisa amaqembu amathathu amavidiyo emizuzu eyi-10. 1. Iqembu 1: Indaba yokuphila kukaMama Teresa (ividiyo ekhuthaza ukuphakama). 2. Iqembu 2: Ividiyo yamahlaya (ividiyo ekhuthazayo). 3. Iqembu 3: Uhlelo lwezindaba oluvamile. Imiphumela yazo zombili izifundo yayimangalisa kakhulu. Abantu ababone 'ukuphakama' babike izinto ezihlukile kunalabo ababone injabulo evamile.
| Okuhlangenwe nakho | Ukusabela ngokomzimba nangokwengqondo okwenzekayo |
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| 'Ukuphakama' (ukubona isenzo esiphakeme) | - Umuzwa ofudumele nomnandi esifubeni.
- Isifiso sokusiza abanye.
- Ukuzizwa sengathi udinga ukuba umuntu ongcono.
- Umqondo wokwenza into enhle ndawonye nabanye.
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| 'Injabulo' (ukufeza umgomo) | - Ukuzizwa unenjabulo evamile.
- Akukho muzwa ofudumele okhethekile esifubeni obikiwe njengaku-'Elevation'.
- Ukuntuleka kwesifiso esinamandla sokusiza abanye.
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Kodwa kunezinselele ekufundweni kwalokhu. Isibonelo, nakuba imizwa efana nokudabuka nenjabulo inesimo sobuso esithile, ayikho indlela ecacile yokukhuluma 'ngokuphakama'. Kodwa ososayensi bakholelwa ukuthi lo muzwa uvuselela
'i-Vagus Nerve' yomzimba wethu. Lo muzwa uthinta izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo yethu. Ngakho-ke, bacabanga ukuthi esikhathini esizayo, kuzokwenzeka ukukala lo muzwa ngokulinganisa izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo.
Sibafundisa kanjani abantwana bethu lolu lwazi?
Kulungile, konke lokhu kuhle. Kodwa thina njengabazali singalufaka kanjani lolu lwazi ekuphileni kwezingane zethu? Lena yinto ebaluleke kakhulu.
1. Khuluma ngezinto ezinhle: Kubaluleke kakhulu ukukhuluma nezingane ngezimfanelo ezinhle kanye nabalingiswa abahle. Ukuxoxa izindaba ngamaqhawe emlandweni kanye nabalingiswa abahle abavela ezindabeni zenkolo kugxilisa isifiso sezinto ezinhle ezinganeni.
2. Yiba yisibonelo wena ngokwakho: Esikhundleni sokushumayela ezinganeni ukuthi "zibe zinhle, zibe nomusa," kufanelekile
izikhathi eziyinkulungwane ukuzibonisa ngokwenza lezo zinto thina ngokwethu . Uma sibona abanye benomusa, izingane zifunda into efanayo ngokuzenzakalelayo.
3. Izinhlelo zesikole: EMelika, kunohlelo lwesikole olubizwa ngokuthi "Umusa Uyathelelana: Lubambe." Kunemisebenzi emibili emihle kakhulu eyenziwa kulo.
- Umsebenzi wamabhodlela amabili: Nika abantwana amabhodlela amabili. Ebhodleleni elilodwa, kufanele babeke ubhontshisi njalo lapho othile enze into embi (ebadelela noma ebazwisa ubuhlungu). Kwelinye ibhodlela, kufanele babeke ubhontshisi njalo lapho othile enze into enhle (ebabekezelele). Ekupheleni kwenyanga, ngokubheka amabhodlela amabili, izingane zingazibonela ukuthi kunezinto ezinhle noma ezimbi ezenzekayo ekilasini. Umgomo uwukuthulula ibhodlela ngezinto ezimbi bese ugcwalisa ibhodlela ngezinto ezinhle.
- Umsebenzi othi "Dlulisa": Uthisha ulinda ingane ekilasini ukuthi yenze into enhle noma enomusa. Uma uthisha ebona ingane yenza into enhle, uthisha unika ingane into (isib. i-apula elibomvu) bese ethi, "Manje usungufakazi. Uma ubona enye ingane yenza into enhle, mnike leli apula ." Lokhu kufundisa ingane ukwenza izinto ezinhle nokubona izinto ezinhle kwabanye.
Khumbula, ukutshela izingane nje ukuthi, "Musa ukwenza lokhu, musa ukwenza lokhuya" akwanele. Sidinga futhi ukuzibonisa inketho engcono, "Ngakho-ke kufanele senzeni?"
Uma unenkinga ngokuziphatha kwengane yakho noma impilo yengqondo, kubaluleke kakhulu ukukhuluma
nodokotela wakho noma isazi sokusebenza kwengqondo esiqeqeshiwe ngakho.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Lowo muzwa ofudumele nophakamisayo ('ukuphakama') esiwutholayo lapho sibona isenzo somusa nesokupha ungokoqobo. Kuyinto ezwa nemizimba yethu.
- Lo muzwa usenza sifune ukusiza abanye futhi sibe ngabantu abangcono. Ngamanye amazwi, umusa uyathelelana ngempela.
- Ingqondo enhle (I-Positive Psychology isifundisa ukubheka amandla abantu kanye nezimfanelo zabo ezinhle, hhayi nje ubuthakathaka babo.
- Indlela engcono kakhulu yokufundisa izingane zethu ukuba nomusa akusikho ukubeka imingcele, kodwa ukuba yisibonelo kithi ngokwethu futhi sizikhuthaze ukuba zenze izinto ezinhle.
Umusa, Ingqondo Enhle, Umusa, Impilo Yengqondo, Ukukhulisa Izingane, Imizwa, Uzwela, Ingqondo Enhle, Umusa, Impilo Yengqondo, Ukukhulisa Izingane
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