Ingabe Izinkolelo Zakho Ezingenakunyakaziswa Ziyiqiniso? Ake Sixoxe Ngesifo Sokukhohlisa

Wake wakholelwa kakhulu kangangokuthi, yize labo abakuzungezile bengavumelani noma bethi akunangqondo, uqiniseka ngokuphelele ukuthi kuyiqiniso? Mhlawumbe uzizwa ubhekiwe njalo, ukholelwa ukuthi othile uzama ukukulimaza ngasese, noma uzizwa uqiniseka ukuthi umuntu odumile uyakuthanda ngasese. Uma lezi zinkolelo ziqhubeka naphezu kobufakazi obucacile obuphambene nalokho, ungase ube nesifo sengqondo esaziwa ngokuthi i-Delusional Disorder . Ake sihlole ukuthi lesi simo sisho ukuthini, sibonakala kanjani, nokuthi ungaluthola kanjani ukwesekwa okufanele.

Kuyini i-Delusional Disorder?

Kalula nje, ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo kuwuhlobo lwesifo sengqondo odokotela abasibeka njengesifo sengqondo. Isici saso esichazayo ukuba khona kwenkolelo eyodwa noma ngaphezulu ebambelele ngokujulile, engamanga (ukukhohlisa) okuqhubeka isikhathi eside.

Ungase uzibuze, kuyini ngempela "ukukhohlisa"?

Ukukhohlisa kuyinkolelo engaguquki, engamanga eqiniswe ngokuqinile naphezu kobufakazi obucacile nobuphikisanayo. Le nkolelo ayisekelwe eqinisweni, futhi ayihlanganyelwa ngabanye esizindeni sakho samasiko noma emphakathini. Nakuba wonke umuntu engase abone le nkolelo njengengamanga, kumuntu obhekana nayo, izwakala njengeqiniso eliphelele nelingaphikwa.

Abantu abanenkinga yokucabanga bavame ukubhekana nalokho okubizwa ngokuthi “ukucabanga okungewona amanga.” Lokhu kuhilela izimo ezingase zenzeke empilweni yangempela—njengokulandelwa, ukukhohliswa, ukudliswa ubuthi, noma ukuthandwa kude—kodwa ziqiswa kakhulu, zichazwa kabi, noma zingamanga nhlobo empeleni.

Lezi zinkohliso ezingezona ezingavamile zihlukile "ezingqondweni ezingavamile," ezihilela imiqondo engenakwenzeka ngokomzimba empilweni yethu. Isibonelo senkohliso engavamile kungaba ukukholelwa ukuthi othile ukhiphe izitho zakho zangaphakathi ngasese ngaphandle kokushiya noma yikuphi ukusikeka noma izibazi zokuhlinzwa.

Okubalulekile, ngaphandle kokukhohlisa kwabo okuthile, abantu abanenkinga yokukhohlisa bavame ukuziphatha ngendlela evamile, baxhumana kahle nabantu, futhi basebenza kahle empilweni yansuku zonke. Ababonakali bengavamile noma bengahlelekile, okubenza bahluke kubantu abanezinye izifo zengqondo. Kodwa-ke, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ukukhathazeka ngokukhohlisa kungaphazamisa impilo yabo, umsebenzi wabo kanye nobudlelwano babo.

Yiziphi Izinhlobo Ze-Delusional Disorder?

Isifo sokukhohlisa sihlukaniswe ngezinhlobo eziningana ngokusekelwe esihlokweni esiyinhloko salesi simo sokukhohlisa. Ake sibheke izinhlobo ezivame kakhulu:

• Uhlobo Lokuheha: Kulolu hlobo, umuntu ukholelwa kakhulu ukuthi omunye umuntu —ngokuvamile umuntu onesikhundla esiphakeme emphakathini noma osaziwayo —uyamthanda kakhulu. Ungase ukholwe ukuthi bakuthumela imiyalezo eyimfihlo, ukubuka, noma izincwadi, noma ngabe ungakaze uhlangane. Lokhu ngezinye izikhathi kungaholela emizamweni yokuxhumana noma yokulandela lowo muntu.

• Uhlobo Olukhulu: Lapha, umuntu unomuzwa ophakeme wokubaluleka, amandla, ulwazi, noma ubuwena. Ungase ukholwe ukuthi unethalente elingavamile, uthole into entsha, noma wabelane ngobuhlobo obukhethekile, obungaziwa nomuntu ovelele.

• Uhlobo Lomona: Lolu hlobo lugxile enkolelweni engenasisekelo yokuthi umlingani wakho noma umlingani wakho akathembekile. Umuntu angase ahlale efuna "ubufakazi," abuze umlingani wakhe, futhi anciphise inkululeko yakhe ngaphandle kobufakazi bangempela.

• Uhlobo Lokushushisa: Lolu uhlobo oluvame kakhulu. Abantu abanalolu hlobo bakholelwa ukuthi bona (noma othile oseduze nabo) bacetshwa ugobe, bahlolwe, bahlukunyezwa, bakhohliswa, noma badliswa ubuthi. Isibonelo, ungase ukholelwe ngokuqinile ukuthi omakhelwane bakho bazama ukufaka ubuthiekudleni kwakho noma uqaphe yonke into oyenzayo. Lokhu kuvame ukuholela ezikhalweni ezivamile eziphathimandleni noma esenzweni somthetho.

• Uhlobo lwe-Somatic: Abantu abanalolu hlobo bakholelwa ukuthi banesici somzimba noma isimo sezokwelapha. Isibonelo, ungase uqiniseke ukuthi umzimba wakho ukhipha iphunga elibi, ukuthi izimuncagazi zikhasa ngaphansi kwesikhumba sakho, noma ukuthi isitho esithile asisebenzi kahle, naphezu kokuhlolwa kwezokwelapha okufakazela ukuthi akunjalo.

• Uhlobo Oluxubile: Lokhu kusebenza uma kunezinhlobo ezimbili noma ngaphezulu zokukhohlisa , kungekho sihloko esisodwa esibusa isithombe sezokwelapha.

I-Delusional Disorder ihluke kanjani kwi-Schizophrenia?

Kungenzeka ukuthi uke wezwa nge -Schizophrenia , okuyisimo sempilo yengqondo esibonakala ngezimpawu zengqondo. Kodwa-ke, i-schizophrenia ivame ukuba nezimpawu ezifana nalezi:

• Inkulumo noma ukuziphatha okungahlelekile.
• Izimpawu ezimbi (njengemizwa engacacile, ukuhoxa emphakathini, noma ukuntuleka ngokuphelele kwesisusa).

Isifo sokudangala sihlukile kwi-schizophrenia ngoba ukudangala kuwukuphela kwesibonakaliso esikhulu, kanti ezinye izimpawu ezivelele ze-psychosis azikho.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo kuyinto engavamile kakhulu kune-schizophrenia, futhi umthelela wayo ekusebenzeni kwansuku zonke ngokuvamile awubi kakhulu, njengoba abantu bevame ukugcina ukunakekelwa kwabo kanye nokusebenza kwabo emsebenzini ngaphandle kokuzikhohlisa kwabo.

Ubani Osengozini Kakhulu?

Isifo sokudangala sivame ukuvela phakathi neminyaka engama- 40 noma ngaphezulu, ngokuvamile sikhula eminyakeni engama-40 noma ngaphezulu. Izifundo ziphakamisa ukuthi:

• Abantu abashushisa nabanomona bavame kakhulu emadodeni.
• Uhlobo lwe -erotomanic luvame ukutholakala kwabesifazane.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, abantu abahlukanisiwe emphakathini basengozini enkulu. Lokhu kufaka phakathi:

• Abokufika noma abantu ababhekene nezithiyo ezinzima zolimi namasiko.
• Labo abanenkinga yokuzwa.
• Abantu abangaboni kahle.
• Abantu abadala abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-65.

Sekukonke, ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo akuvamile, kuthinta cishe u-0.05% kuya ku-0.1% wabantu abadala abavamile.

Yiziphi Izimpawu Zokuphazamiseka Kwengqondo?

Uphawu oluyinhloko ukuba khona kwezinto ezikhohlisayo ngokwazo, ezilawula indlela ocabanga futhi wenze ngayo. Kuye ngohlobo lokukhohlisa, izimpawu zakho zizohluka.

Inselele enkulu yalesi simo ukuntuleka kokuqonda (ukuzazi). Umuntu obhekene nokukhohlisa ukholelwa ngokuqinile ukuthi umbono wakhe unengqondo futhi ungokoqobo, ngisho noma enikezwa ubufakazi obunengqondo noma iseluleko sothando esivela emndenini.

Ikakhulukazi ngokuzikhohlisa okuhlukumezayo, okunomona, noma okufana nokwemvelo, abantu bangaba nokuzivikela okukhulu, okuholela entukuthelweni, ekucasukeni, noma ekuziphatheni okunobutha.

Ukuphila nalezi zinkinga ezingapheli kanye nokusola kungadala nezinkinga zempilo yengqondo ezifana nokukhathazeka kanye/noma ukucindezeleka.

Ukuqaphela Izimpawu Zesixwayiso Zokuqala

Ngaphambi kokuba izinkohliso ziqine ngokuphelele, wena noma othandekayo wakho ningabona izinguquko zokuziphatha kusenesikhathi, njengokuthi:

• Umuzwa oqhubekayo wokuxhashazwa noma ukuphathwa kabi ngabanye.
• Ukukhathazeka okukhulu nokungavamile ngokwethembeka kwabangane noma ozakwethu.
• Ukuhumusha kabi amazwi noma izenzakalo ezingenabungozi njengezinsongo ezifihliwe noma izinhlamba.
• Ukubambelela emagqubu isikhathi eside.
• Ukushesha kakhulu ukusabela ngokuzivikela noma ngentukuthelo ezindabeni ezincane.

Yini Ebangela Ukuphazamiseka Kwengqondo?

Njengezimo eziningi zempilo yengqondo, imbangela eqondile yokuphazamiseka kwengqondo isacwaningwa.Kodwa-ke, ochwepheshe bakholelwa ukuthi kuvela ekuhlanganisweni okuyinkimbinkimbi kwezinto eziningana:

• Izici Zezakhi Zofuzo : Kunobufakazi bokuthi ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo kuvame kakhulu kubantu abanamalungu omndeni anesifo sengqondo sengqondo noma i-schizophrenia ( i-Schizophrenia ). Lokhu kusikisela ubuthakathaka bezakhi zofuzo obungadluliselwa ezizukulwaneni ngezizukulwane.

• Izici Zebhayoloji: Abacwaningi bafunda ukuthi ukungalingani kwezinye izindawo zobuchopho kungabangela kanjani ukukhohlisa. Ukungalingani kwamakhemikhali athile obuchopho, abizwa ngokuthi ama-neurotransmitters (adlulisela imiyalezo phakathi kwamangqamuzana ezinzwa), nakho kuhlotshaniswa nokuthuthukiswa kwezimpawu zokukhohlisa.

• Izici Zemvelo Nezengqondo: Amazinga aphezulu okucindezeleka kwengqondo angabangela lesi simo. Ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa (utshwala noma ukusebenzisa kabi izidakamizwa) nakho kungadlala indima enkulu. Ngokwengqondo, abantu abazwela kakhulu, abathembele kakhulu ezindleleni zokuzivikela, abahlushwa ukuzethemba okuphansi, noma abalwa nomona ojulile kanye nokusola bangase bathuthukise ukukhohlisa njengendlela yokubhekana nesimo esingaphansi kokuqonda ukuze baqonde imizwa yabo ecindezelayo.

I-Delusional Disorder ihlolwa kanjani?

Ukuze kutholakale isifo sokucabanga, uchwepheshe wezempilo—ikakhulukazi udokotela wezifo zengqondo—uzohlola ukuthi ukucabanga okukodwa noma ngaphezulu sekuqhubeke inyanga noma ngaphezulu , futhi aqinisekise ukuthi lokhu akunakuchazwa yinoma yisiphi esinye isimo sezokwelapha noma sengqondo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isiguli akumelwe sihlangabezane nezindinganiso ezigcwele ze-schizophrenia noma ezinye izifo ezinkulu zengqondo.

Uma ubonisa izimpawu, udokotela wakho uzoqala ngomlando wezokwelapha ophelele kanye nokuhlolwa ngokomzimba. Nakuba kungekho zivivinyo ezithile zelebhu zokuxilonga ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo, udokotela angase enze izivivinyo zokuxilonga—njengezifundo zezithombe, ubuthi bomchamo, noma ukuhlolwa kwegazi—ukuze akhiphe izifo zomzimba eziyisisekelo, ukusebenzisana kwezidakamizwa, noma ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa njengembangela yezimpawu zakho.

Uma kungatholakali imbangela engokomzimba, uzothunyelwa kudokotela wezifo zengqondo noma kudokotela wezifo zengqondo. Laba ochwepheshe bezempilo yengqondo basebenzisa izingxoxo ezihlelekile namathuluzi okuhlola ezokwelapha ukuhlola isimo sakho sengqondo, ukuxoxa ngezinkolelo zakho, nokunquma ukuthi kukhona yini isifo sengqondo.

Ngemvume yakho, bangakhuluma namalungu omndeni noma abangane abaseduze ukuze bathole imininingwane eyengeziwe mayelana nemikhuba yakho yokuziphatha nokuthi izinkolelo zakho zaqala nini.

Ngenxa yokuthi ukukhohlisa kungenzeka nakwezinye izimo zempilo yengqondo, odokotela bezifo zengqondo bayazigwema ngokucophelela ezinye izifo. Isifo sokuhlanya kumele sihlukaniswe ku:

• Isifo Sokucindezeleka Okungapheli (OCD)
• I-Schizophrenia
• Ukusangana/Isifo Esiyinhloko Sezinzwa (i-Dementia)
• Isifo se-Bipolar
• Izinkinga zobuntu, ikakhulukazi i-Borderline Personality Disorder kanye ne-Paranoid Personality Disorder.

Iphathwa Kanjani I-Delusional Disorder?

Ukwelashwa kwesifo sokucabanga okungaqondakali ngokuvamile kuhilela inhlanganisela yokwelapha ngengqondo (ukwelashwa ngokukhuluma) kanye nemithi elungiselelwe wena. Kodwa-ke, kuyisimo esiyinselele ukwelapha ngoba imithi yodwa ayanele , futhi impumelelo yokwelashwa incike kakhulu ekwakheni ubuhlobo obuthembekile nomeluleki wakho.

Iningi labantu abanesifo sokucabanga abafuni usizo ngokuzithandela ngoba abanalo ulwazi ngesimo sabo. Ngokuvamile, bafuna ukwelashwa kuphela uma bekhuthazwa umndeni, noma lapho befuna usizo ngezinkinga zesibili njengokucindezeleka, ukukhathazeka, noma ukucindezeleka kobudlelwano.

Uma izimpawu zinkulu, noma uma kunengozi yokuthi ungase uzilimaze noma uzilimaze abanye, kungase kudingeke ukuthi ulaliswe esibhedlela okwesikhashana kuze kube yilapho isimo sakho sizinzile.

Ukwelapha ngengqondo

Ukwelapha ngengqondo kuyisisekelo sokwelashwa. Kukunikeza indawo ephephile nesekelayo yokuxoxa ngemizwa yakho, ukuqonda imicabango yakho, nokufunda izindlela ezinempilo zokuphatha izimpawu zakho. Ukusebenza nodokotela wezifo zengqondo nakho kuyasiza ekufundiseni nasekusekeleni umndeni wakho.

Ngokwelashwa, ungafunda ukubona izimpawu zokuqala zokubuyela emuva futhi uthuthukise amasu okubhekana nazo ukuze uzivimbele. Izinhlobo ezivamile ze-psychotherapy zifaka:

• Ukwelashwa Kwengqondo Komuntu Ngamunye: Kukusiza ukuthi ubone futhi uphonsele inselelo kancane kancane imicabango engaphansi ephambene, uyithathele indawo ngemibono engokoqobo.
• Ukwelashwa Kokuziphatha Kokuqonda (i-CBT): Indlela ehlelekile kakhulu, egxile emigomweni. Uchwepheshe wakho wezokwelapha uzokusiza ukuthi uhlole ukuthi imicabango nemizwa yakho ithinta kanjani ukuziphatha kwakho. Nge-CBT, ungafunda ukubona amaphethini okucabanga angasizi futhi wamukele imikhuba enempilo kanye nezindlela zokubhekana nazo.
• Ukwelapha Okugxile Emndenini: Kubalulekile kumuntu ngamunye nakubathandekayo bakhe. Kunikeza imfundo ngalesi sifo, kuthuthukisa ukuxhumana komndeni, futhi kufundisa amakhono okuxazulula izinkinga ngokubambisana ukuze kuncishiswe ukucindezeleka ekhaya.

Imithi

Imithi eyinhloko esetshenziswa ukuphatha ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo yimithi yokulwa nesifo sengqondo (eyaziwa nangokuthi ama-neuroleptics). Lokhu kufaka phakathi:

• Isizukulwane Sokuqala (“Esijwayelekile”) Ama-Antipsychotics: Asetshenziswa kusukela maphakathi nawo-1950, le mithi isebenza ngokuvimba ama-receptor ebuchosheni ukuze ithole i-dopamine , i-neurotransmitter okukholakala ukuthi ihilelekile ekuthuthukisweni kokukhohlisa.

• Isizukulwane Sesibili (“Atypical”) Ama-Antipsychotic: Le mithi emisha isebenza kahle kakhulu futhi ngokuvamile iyathandwa ngoba inemiphumela emibi embalwa ehlobene nokunyakaza. Isebenza ngokuvimbela kokubili ama-dopamine nama -serotonin receptors ebuchosheni.

Kuye ngezimpawu zakho ezithile, udokotela wakho angase futhi akunikeze imithi yokwelapha ukukhathazeka (imithi yokulwa nokukhathazeka) ukusiza ngokucindezeleka okukhulu noma ukuqwasha, noma imithi yokucindezeleka yokwelapha izimpawu zokucindezeleka ezenzeka kanyekanye.

Iyini i-Outlook (Prognosis)?

Umbono wesikhathi eside womuntu onesifo sokucabanga ngokweqile uncike ezintweni eziningana, okuhlanganisa:

• Uhlobo oluthile lwesifo sokukhohlisa.
• Ubunzima bokukhohlisa.
• Uhlelo lwakho lokusekela kanye nokuzimisela kwakho ukuhlala ulandela uhlelo lokwelashwa.

Nakuba ukukhohlisa kungaba yinto eqhubekayo, abantu abaningi bayakwazi ukuqhubeka nemisebenzi yabo kanye nokuphila kwabo komphakathi, uma nje umsebenzi wabo ungahlobene ngqo nesihloko sokukhohlisa kwabo.

Ukuzibophezela ohlelweni lwakho lokwelashwa kuthuthukisa kakhulu ukubikezela kwakho.

Okuphawulekayo ukuthi cishe ama-50% eziguli athola ukululama okuphelele ngokwelashwa. Ama-20% kuya kuma-30% engeziwe abona ukwehla okukhulu kwezimpawu zawo, kuyilapho angaphansi kwama-20% ethola ushintsho oluncane noma olungenalo nhlobo.

Ngeshwa, ngenxa yokuthi abantu abaningi abaqapheli ukuthi abaphilile noma besaba ukucwaswa okuhlobene nempilo yengqondo, abafuni usizo. Ngaphandle kokwelashwa okufanele kochwepheshe, ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo kungaba umzabalazo wokuphila konke nocindezelayo.

Yiziphi Izinkinga Zesifo Sokungazinzi Esingelashwa?

Uma ingelashwa, ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo kungaholela ezinkingeni ezinkulu, okuhlanganisa:

• Ukucindezeleka Okukhulu:Ngokuvamile kuvela ekucindezelekeni nasekukhungathekeni kokuphila nokwesaba okuqhubekayo, okuzihlukanisayo.
• Ukuzihlukanisa Nomphakathi: Ubudlelwano obonakele nomndeni, abangane, kanye nabantu osebenza nabo.
• Izinkinga Zezomthetho Nezezimali: Ikakhulukazi ngezinhlobo ezibonisa inkanuko noma ukushushisa, lapho izenzo ezinjengokulandela, ukushayela amaphoyisa ucingo ngokuphindaphindiwe, noma ukufaka amacala kungaholela emiphumeleni yezomthetho.
• Ukuzilimaza noma Ubudlova: Ikakhulukazi ezinhlotsheni ezihlukumezayo noma ezinomona, lapho ukwesaba noma intukuthelo enkulu kungaholela ekuziphatheni okunolaka.

Ingabe Ukuphazamiseka Kwengqondo Kungavinjelwa?

Okwamanje, ayikho indlela eyaziwayo yokuvimbela ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo. Kodwa-ke, ukungenelela kusenesikhathi kubalulekile. Ukuhlonza izimpawu kusenesikhathi nokuqala ukwelashwa kochwepheshe ngokushesha okukhulu kunganciphisa kakhulu ukuphazamiseka empilweni yakho, emndenini kanye nasebudlelwaneni bakho.

Ungamsekela Kanjani Umuntu Onesifo Sokukhohlwa?

Uma othile omkhathalelayo ebonisa izimpawu zokuphazamiseka kwengqondo, ungasiza ngokumnikeza ukwesekwa okumnene nokumkhuthaza ukuba afune ukuhlolwa kochwepheshe bezokwelapha.

Ukuphikisana nabo, ukuzama ukufakazela ukuthi izinkolelo zabo azilungile, noma ukubagxeka kungandisa ukucindezeleka kwabo futhi kwenze izimpawu zabo zibe zimbi kakhulu. Kunalokho, zama ukulalela ngozwela ngaphandle kokuvumelana nokukhohlisa , uqinisekise imizwa yabo engaphansi (njengokwesaba noma ukukhathazeka), futhi ugxile ezingxoxweni ezakhayo nezakhayo.

Ukusekela othandekayo onalesi simo kungakulimaza ngokomzwelo, okuholela ekucindezelekeni, osizini, noma ekuzihlukaniseni. Khumbula ukubeka impilo yakho yengqondo kuqala, futhi ungangabazi ukufuna ukwesekwa noma ukwelulekwa.

Umyalezo Wokuya Nawo Ekhaya

Isifo sokudangala yisimo sempilo yengqondo esiyinselele esibonakala ngezinkolelo ezingenakunyakaziswa ezingahambisani neqiniso. Kuyisipiliyoni esinzima kumuntu ngamunye nomndeni wakhe, kodwa into ebaluleke kakhulu okufanele uyikhumbule ukuthi kukhona ukwelashwa okuphumelelayo.

• Uma wena noma othile omkhathalelayo ebhekene nalezi zimpawu, sicela ufune iseluleko sezokwelapha esingochwepheshe ngaphandle kokwesaba noma amahloni.
• Ukuxilongwa kusenesikhathi kanye nokwelashwa okuqhubekayo kungakusiza ukuthi uphinde uthole ukulawula, uthuthukise ikhwalithi yokuphila kwakho, futhi ubuyisele ukuthula kwengqondo.
• Ukuqonda nokusekelwa komndeni nabangane kwenza umehluko omkhulu ohambweni lokululama.

Njenganoma yikuphi ukukhathazeka ngempilo, ukufuna usizo lapho kuqala inkinga kungavimbela izinkinga. Odokotela bezengqondo nochwepheshe bezempilo yengqondo balapha ukuzokunikeza izinhlelo zokunakekelwa ezenzelwe wena ukuze zikusize ulawule imicabango yakho futhi ubuyisele impilo yakho. Akudingeki uhambe le ndlela wedwa—usizo luyatholakala.

ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo, impilo yengqondo, ukukhohlisa, i-psychosis, ukwelashwa, izimpawu, i-schizophrenia, i-Nirogi Lanka