Wake wazizwa ukhathele, uphelelwa umoya, noma ukhathele nje ngemva kokululama ku-COVID-19 amasonto noma ngisho nezinyanga? Kungase kungabi ukukhathala ngemva kwegciwane kuphela. Namuhla sikhuluma ngemiphumela yesikhathi eside ye-COVID, isimo abantu abaningi abakhuluma ngaso kulezi zinsuku.
Iyini le COVID Ende?
Kalula nje, i-Long COVID ibhekisela ezinkingeni zempilo eziqhubeka isikhathi eside ngemva kokuba usululame ku-COVID-19. Abanye abantu bayibiza ngokuthi 'i-long-haul COVID', 'izimo zangemva kwe-COVID (PCC)', njll. Ngokwezokwelapha, ibizwa nangokuthi 'i-post-acute sequelae yokutheleleka kwe-SARS-CoV-2 (PASC).'
Lezi zimpawu zingahlala amasonto, izinyanga, noma ngisho neminyaka. Nakuba ezinye izimpawu zifana neze-COVID, ezinye zihlukile ngokuphelele. Cabanga ngalokhu: Ucwaningo luthole ukuthi cishe umuntu oyedwa kwabahlanu abane-COVID uzoba nezimpawu inyanga noma ngaphezulu. Phakathi kwalabo ababi kakhulu ngokwanele ukuba badinge ukulaliswa esibhedlela, leli nani lingaphezu kuka-30%.
Into engcono kakhulu ukuthi, nakuba lesi simo se-COVID eside singathinta noma ubani, abantu abaningi bayalulama kancane kancane ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Kungani kwenzeka i-Long COVID?
Odokotela nososayensi basazama ukuthola imbangela eqondile, kodwa kunemibono embalwa eyinhloko:
- Ukuvuselelwa kwegciwane: Kungenzeka ukuthi igciwane le-SARS-CoV-2 elibangela i-COVID-19 aliphumi ngokuphelele emzimbeni, kodwa kamuva liba ngokoqobo futhi libangele izimpawu.
- Ukusebenza ngokweqile kwesimiso somzimba: Lapho silwa negciwane, isimiso sethu somzimba sisebenza ngokweqile, silimaze izitho zomzimba ezinempilo.
- Ukwakheka kwama-autoantibodies: Isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela siyadideka ngenxa yokutheleleka futhi sikhiqize uhlobo lwe-antibody oluhlasela izitho zomzimba wethu.
- Konke lokhu ndawonye: Mhlawumbe esinye noma ngaphezulu salezi zizathu ziyahlangana ukuze zibangele lesi simo.
Ubani osengozini enkulu yokuthola i-COVID ende?
Abantu abalandelayo bangase babe sengozini enkulu kancane yokuthola i-COVID ende:
- Abantu abagula kakhulu nge-COVID: Ikakhulukazi uma kwadingeka bangeniswe esibhedlela.
- Abantu abanezinye izimo zezokwelapha: Uma unezimo ezifana nesifo sikashukela, i-asthma, noma izifo ezizimele.
- Abantu abanokukhuluphala ngokweqile.
- Labo abangakawutholi umuthi wokugomela i-Covid.
- Abantu abane-MIS: Uma uba nesifo esingavamile esibizwa ngokuthi 'i-multisystem inflammatory syndrome (MIS)', kungaba ngesikhathi noma ngemva kwe-COVID-19. Lokhu kwenzeka lapho izitho eziningi emzimbeni (njengenhliziyo, amaphaphu, nobuchopho) zivuvukala, noma zivuvukala.
- Abesifazane: Ezinye izifundo zibonisa ukuthi abesifazane banamathuba aphindwe ka-1.5 okuthola i-COVID ende kunabesilisa.
- Abantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-40 ubudala.
Yiziphi izimpawu eziyinhloko ze-Long COVID?
I-COVID ende ithinta wonke umuntu ngendlela ehlukile. Kungaba nezimpawu eziningi. Bheka ukuthi unayo eyodwa noma ngaphezulu yalezi.
| Isigaba sezimpawu | Izimpawu ezingabonakala |
|---|---|
| Izici ezijwayelekile | Ukukhathala okuqhubekayo, ukuzizwa ukhathele kakhulu ngisho nangemva kokwenza imisebenzi elula (isib. ukuya esitolo), kanye nokuzizwa ushisa (umkhuhlane). |
| Izimpawu zamaphaphu nenhliziyo | Ubunzima bokuphefumula, ukukhwehlela, ubuhlungu besifuba, ukushaya kwenhliziyo okukhuphukile. |
| Izici zesimiso sezinzwa (ubuchopho) | Inkungu yobuchopho, ubunzima bokukhumbula nokugxila, ukuqwasha, ukulahlekelwa iphunga nokunambitha, ikhanda elibuhlungu, ukungazizwa kahle, ukukhala ezindlebeni (i-tinnitus), ukukhathazeka, nokucindezeleka. |
| Izici zesistimu yokugaya ukudla | Ubuhlungu besisu, isifo sohudo, ukuqunjelwa, ukuvuvukala kwesifuba. |
| Ezinye izici | Ubuhlungu bamalunga nemisipha, ukulahleka kwezinwele, ukuqubuka kwesikhumba, izinguquko emjikelezweni wokuya esikhathini. |
Uma unalezi zimpawu, kubalulekile ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho, njengoba lezi zimpawu zingaba zibanzi kakhulu futhi ngezinye izikhathi zingaphambaniswa nezinye izimo.
Ingabe izingane nazo zithola i-COVID ende?
Yebo, ngisho nezingane ezincane kanye nabantu abadala abasebasha bangaba ne-COVID ende. Ngezinye izikhathi, ngisho nengane engazange ibonise izimpawu ezinkulu ze-COVID ingahlakulela lesi simo. Izimpawu izingane ezingase zibe nazo zifaka:
- Ukhathele njalo
- Ukulahlekelwa intshisekelo emsebenzini wesikole kanye nokudlala
- Inkungu yobuchopho
- Ukushaya kwenhliziyo
- Ukulahlekelwa izinwele
Njengabazali, kufanele nikhathazeke kakhulu uma izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo yengane yenu likhuphuka ngendlela engavamile noma uma inenkinga yokuphefumula. Ezimweni ezinjalo, funa iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha.
Wazi kanjani ukuthi une-COVID ende?
Akukho ukuhlolwa okuqondile kwe-Long COVID. Udokotela wakho uzobheka ukuthi une-COVID yini, ukuthi izimpawu zakho ziyini, ukuthi sezinesikhathi esingakanani zikhona, nokuthi ngabe zikhona yini ezinye izimbangela (isib. ezinye izifo) ezingaba nomthelela kulezi zimpawu. Bangenza ukuhlolwa okufana nalokhu:
- Ukuhlolwa kwegazi
- I-X-ray yesifuba
- Ukuhlolwa kwe-EKG (i-Electrocardiogram)
- Ukuhlolwa kokukhuthazela kokuzivocavoca
Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha i-Long COVID?
Njengoba kungekho ikhambi eliqondile lalesi simo, ukwelashwa kugxile kakhulu ekuphatheni izimpawu. Ungathola impumuzo ngokufaka le mikhuba endleleni yakho yokuphila.
- Phumula: Thatha ikhefu elifushane phakathi nosuku. Thola ukuthi unamandla amakhulu nini bese uhlela imisebenzi yakho ebaluleke kakhulu yalezo zikhathi. Ungasheshi ukwenza umsebenzi omkhulu ngesikhathi esisodwa.
- Ukuzivocavoca: Vivinya umzimba uma ukwazi. Kodwa qala ngokucophelela. Abanye abantu bangaba nezimpawu ngisho nangemva kokuzikhandla okuncane kakhulu. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi 'i-post-exertional malaise (PEM).' Ngakho ungaqala ngento elula njengokuhamba bese ukhulisa kancane kancane amandla akho. Ngaphambi kokuqala noma yikuphi ukuvivinya umzimba, kubalulekile ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho.
- Inkumbulo nokunaka: Uma ukhohlwa izinto, zibhale phansi efonini yakho noma encwadini. Zama ukunciphisa iziphazamiso ngenkathi usebenza.
- Impilo yengqondo:Kuvamile ukuzizwa ukhathele futhi ukhathazekile uma ugula njalo. Khuluma nabangani bakho nomndeni wakho. Uma kudingeka, funa usizo kumeluleki wezempilo yengqondo.
Uma ngokuzumayo uzwa ukuphelelwa umoya okukhulu noma ubuhlungu besifuba, ungazami ukukwelapha ekhaya. Bonana nodokotela ngokushesha, noma uye eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) wesibhedlela esiseduze.
Ingabe i-COVID ende ingavinjelwa?
Indlela engcono kakhulu yokuvimbela i-Long COVID ukugwema ukuthola i-COVID-19 nokugonywa ngokuphelele. Ucwaningo lukhombisile ngokusobala ukuthi abantu abagonywayo banengozi ephansi kakhulu yokuthola i-Long COVID. Kubalulekile futhi ukuqhubeka nokwenza imikhuba emihle yezempilo, njengokugqoka imaski emphakathini nokugeza izandla zakho.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-COVID ende ibhekisela ezimpawini eziqhubeka amasonto, izinyanga, noma ngisho neminyaka ngemva kokululama ku-COVID-19.
- Izimpawu ezivamile zifaka phakathi ukukhathala, ukuphelelwa umoya, inkungu yobuchopho, kanye nobuhlungu bamalunga.
- Nakuba kungekho ikhambi eliqondile lalokhu, izimpawu zingalawulwa ngokuphumula, ukuzivocavoca umzimba kancane, kanye nokushintsha indlela yokuphila.
- Uma ukhathazekile ngezimpawu zakho, qiniseka ukuthi ukhuluma nodokotela wakho.
- Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi iningi labantu abane-COVID ende liyalulama kancane kancane ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ngakho-ke hlala uqinile.
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