Udokotela wakho kungenzeka ukuthi ukutholile wena noma ingane yakho ukuthi ine-ADHD ( Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder) futhi ucabanga ukuqala imithi yayo. Noma mhlawumbe usuvele uthatha imithi. Umbuzo omkhulu engqondweni yakho okwamanje uthi, "Ingabe kuhle kimi ukuqhubeka ngithatha lo muthi? Ingabe kuzoba khona izingozi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi?" Lona umbuzo onengqondo kakhulu. Ngakho-ke ake sixoxe ngalokhu ngokucacile nangokulula namuhla.
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Imithi ye-ADHD ikuthinta kanjani njengomuntu omdala?
Uma usumdala, ukukhathazeka okukhulu lapho ucabanga ngemiphumela yesikhathi eside yemithi ye-ADHD ukuthi izosebenzisana kanjani nezinye izimo zezokwelapha osunazo kakade. Isibonelo, uma une-high blood pressure noma isifo senhliziyo, kufanele nakanjani ukhulume nodokotela wakho ngalokhu ngaphambi kokusebenzisa imithi ye-ADHD.
Udokotela wakho uzokuhlola ngokucophelela futhi athuthukise uhlelo lokwelapha olungcono kakhulu oluhambisana nempilo yakho futhi lukusize ulawule i-ADHD yakho. Kunezingozi ezithile ezingavela ekusebenziseni imithi ye-ADHD isikhathi eside kubantu abadala.
| Ingozi | Incazelo elula |
|---|---|
| Isifo senhliziyo | Eminye imithi ingakhuphula kancane izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo kanye nomfutho wegazi. |
| Umfutho Wegazi Ophakeme | Uma usuvele unomfutho wegazi ophakeme, kudingeka uqaphele kakhulu ngalokhu. |
| Ukuquleka | Akuvamile kakhulu ukuthi eminye imithi ingase ithinte ukuquleka. |
| Ukushaya Kwenhliziyo Okungajwayelekile | Kubalulekile ukwazisa udokotela wakho uma ubona noma yiziphi izinguquko ekushayweni kwenhliziyo yakho. |
| Ukuxhashazwa Nokulutheka | Le ngozi ingavela ngokwandisa umthamo noma ukuwuthatha ngezinye izinjongo ngaphandle kweseluleko sezokwelapha. |
| Ukushintsha Kombala Kwesikhumba | Eminye imithi esetshenziswa njenge-patch ingabangela ukushintsha kombala wesikhumba. |
Imithi ye-ADHD iyithinta kanjani ingane yakho?
Njengomzali, kuyinto evamile ukuba nalo mbuzo mayelana nengane yakho. Kodwa izindaba ezinhle ukuthi iminyaka yocwaningo ikhombisile ukuthi ukusetshenziswa isikhathi eside kwemithi ye-ADHD kuphephile ezinganeni.
Imiphumela yesikhashana
Akuzona zonke izingane ezisabela emithini ngendlela efanayo. Imithi yokuvuselela ingaqala ukusebenza zingakapheli ihora. Imithi engeyona evuselelayo ingathatha amasonto ambalwa ukusebenza. Ngesikhathi umuthi usebenza emzimbeni, ingane yakho ingase ibe nemiphumela emibi.
Okubalulekile: I-American Academy of Pediatrics incoma ukuqala imithi ye-ADHD ezinganeni ezingaphezu kweminyaka engu-6 ubudala.
Imiphumela emibi evame kakhulu yemithi evuselelayo ezinganeni yile:
- Isifiso sokudla
- Ukwehlisa isisindo
- Izinkinga zokulala
- Ukuzama ukuhlala kude nomphakathi kancane
Imiphumela emibi engavamile:
- Ukucasuka kwengane kuyanda njengoba umuthi uphela (umphumela wokubuyela emuva)
- Ukudikiza kwemisipha okungahleliwe (ama-tic)
- Ukubambezeleka okuncane kokukhula (kunemibono ehlukene ngalokhu)
Khumbula, imithi ye-ADHD ayikwazi ukushintsha ubuntu bengane yakho. Uma ubona ukuthi ingane yakho ilala kakhulu noma ithukuthele kakhulu kunokujwayelekile, umthamo wengane yakho ungadinga ukukhushulwa. Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngalokhu.
Imiphumela yesikhathi eside
Ezinye izingane ziyaqhubeka nokuphuza imithi ye-ADHD zize zibe ngabantu abadala. Ucwaningo lweminyaka eminingi lubonise ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwale mithi isikhathi eside akubangeli izinkinga ezinkulu zempilo. Nakuba ezinye izifundo zisikisele ukuthi kungaba nomthelela othile ekukhuleni kwezingane, ezinye zikhiphe isixhumanisi. Udokotela wakho uzoqapha ukukhula kwengane yakho.
Ingane ingayeka nini ukuthatha imithi?
Udokotela uzohlola imithi yengane yakho ngezikhathi ezithile ukuze abone ukuthi umthamo udinga ukushintshwa noma ukuthi imithi ingamiswa manje. Ungase ucabangele ukuyeka imithi yengane yakho ezimweni ezilandelayo:
- Uma usube ungenazo izimpawu isikhathi esingaphezu konyaka ngenkathi uthatha umuthi.
- Uma izimpawu sezilawulwe kahle isikhathi eside ngomthamo ofanayo.
- Uma ingane ingahlala inake futhi iziphethe kahle ngisho nangemva kokweqa umthamo wemithi.
- Naka ezinye izindlela (isib. ukwelashwa kokuziphatha) uma ingane izifundile.
- Uma bekukhona ushintsho olukhulu endaweni, njengokushintsha izikole.
Yimiphi imithi ye-ADHD?
Kalula nje, imithi ye-ADHD iwela ezinhlotsheni ezimbili eziyinhloko: izikhuthazi kanye nezingezona izikhuthazi.
| Uhlobo lomuthi | Ukusebenza kanye nezibonelo |
|---|---|
| Izikhuthazi | Lezi yizo ezisetshenziswa kakhulu. Zandisa izinga le-dopamine, ikhemikhali ebuchosheni ehlotshaniswa nokunaka nenjabulo, futhi zikusiza ukuthi ugxile. Isilinganiso esinqunywe udokotela wakho asiluthi. Isibonelo: i-Methylphenidate (Ritalin, Concerta), i-Amphetamines (Adderall). |
| Izinto ezingezona ezikhuthazayo | Lokhu kungase kungasebenzi ngokushesha njengezikhuthazi. Kukhulisa amazinga ekhemikhali ebizwa ngokuthi i-norepinephrine ebuchosheni, okusiza ukwandisa ukugxila kanye nokuzinza kwengqondo. Izibonelo: I-Atomoxetine (Strattera), i-Clonidine (i-Kapvay). |
Manje ake sibheke izingozi eziyinhloko ngokuningiliziwe.
Isifo senhliziyo noma umfutho wegazi ophakeme
Imithi eminingi ye-ADHD (izikhuthazi) ingakhuphula kancane umfutho wegazi kanye nokushaya kwenhliziyo. Uma usuvele unesifo senhliziyo noma umfutho wegazi ophakeme, ukusebenzisa le mithi kungaba yingozi. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukutshela udokotela wakho ngokucacile ngomlando wakho wezokwelapha.
Ukuquleka noma ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile
I-Atomoxetine (Strattera) (engavuseleli) ihlotshaniswa nokuquleka kanye nokungahambi kahle kwesilinganiso senhliziyo, ngakho-ke kunconywa ukuthi abantu abanomlando walezi zimo bahlale kude nalo muthi.
Ukuluthwa izidakamizwa kanye nokusetshenziswa kabi kwazo
Abanye abantu basebenzisa kabi imithi ye-ADHD. Isibonelo, bayawaphula amaphilisi bese bewakhafula ukuze bathole "ukudakwa." Lokhu kuyingozi kakhulu. Uma ungenawo umlando wokusebenzisa kabi izidakamizwa, cishe ngeke ukwazi ukwenza lokhu. Kodwa uma unawo, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngakho ngokwethembeka. Angakusiza ukuthi unqume ukuthi lo muthi ukulungele yini.
Izinkinga zengqondo
Akuvamile kakhulu ukuthi imithi ye-ADHD ingahlotshaniswa nezinkinga ezithile zempilo yengqondo. Kuye kwabikwa izimpawu zolaka kanye ne-bipolar disorder. Kukhona futhi ingozi encane kakhulu yokuthola izimpawu ze-psychosis, njengokuzwa othile ekhuluma, kanye ne-paranoia. Nakuba lezi zingavamile, kubalulekile ukuziqaphela.
Usebenza kanjani nalezi zingozi?
Lena yingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu. Indlela engcono kakhulu yokuphatha konke lokhu ukusebenzisana nodokotela wakho. Ndawonye, ninganquma ukuthi lo muthi uphephile yini kuwe.
Ngaphambi kokuba uqale ukuthatha umuthi, udokotela wakho angase afune ukwenza izivivinyo ezithile. Isibonelo, angase ahlole umfutho wegazi lakho kanye nokushaya kwenhliziyo.
Uma unezinye zalezi zimo, qiniseka ukuthi utshela udokotela wakho ngazo:
- Ukungezwani nemithi
- Isimo se-Glaucoma
- Isifo sesibindi noma sezinso
- Umlando wokugula ngengqondo
- I-Tics noma i-Tourette's syndrome
- I-Hyperthyroidism
Uma uthatha eminye imithi noma izithasiselo, tshela udokotela wakho ngazo. Eminye imithi ingasebenzisana nemithi ye-ADHD. Ngemva kokuqala imithi, bona udokotela wakho ukuze ayohlolwa njalo ukuze ahlole noma yimiphi imiphumela emibi.
Ekugcineni, imithi ye-ADHD ngokuvamile iphephile kakhulu. Ingozi yezinkinga ezinkulu iphansi kakhulu. Kubantu abaningi, izinzuzo zokwelashwa zidlula kakhulu izingozi ezincane.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ucwaningo lukhombisile ukuthi ukusetshenziswa isikhathi eside kwemithi ye-ADHD ngokuvamile kuphephile.
- Tshela udokotela wakho nganoma yiziphi ezinye izimo zezokwelapha wena noma ingane yakho eningaba nazo (ikakhulukazi isifo senhliziyo, umfutho wegazi ophakeme) ngaphambi kokuqala imithi.
- Uma ubona noma yimiphi imiphumela emibi engavamile (isib., ukushaya kwenhliziyo okwandayo, ukucasuka okukhulu, ukuqwasha), yazisa udokotela wakho ngokushesha.
- Ungalokothi ushintshe umthamo noma uyeke ukuthatha imithi ngaphandle kweseluleko sikadokotela wakho.
- Kwabaningi, ukuthuthuka kwekhwalithi yokuphila okunikezwa ukwelashwa kwe-ADHD kudlula kakhulu izingozi ezincane kakhulu zemithi.
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