Njengoba kuqhubeka ubhubhane lwe-Covid-19, besilokhu sizwa okuningi ngamagama amasha nezinhlobo ezintsha zemithi, akunjalo? Phakathi kwazo, kungenzeka ukuthi uke wezwa igama elithi 'Monoclonal Antibodies'. Kungenzeka ukuthi uke wezwa udokotela wakho ekhuluma ngalokhu, noma kungenzeka ukuthi ukubonile ezindabeni. Ngakho-ke, kuyini ngempela lokhu kwelashwa? Kwenzekani ngakho? Ingabe lokhu kuyikhambi lawo wonke umuntu? Ake sixoxe ngalokhu kalula nangokucacile.
Ayini ama-Antibodies e-Monoclonal (ama-mAb)?
Kalula nje, lawa amaprotheni akhethekile enziwa elabhorethri, okungukuthi, elabhorethri. Aklanyelwe ukusebenza njengama-antibodies akhiqizwa yimizimba yethu ngokwemvelo.
Cabanga nje, lapho imizimba yethu igula, isibonelo, lapho sithola umkhuhlane, imizimba yethu ikhiqiza amasosha amancane abizwa ngokuthi 'ama-antibodies' ukuze alwe negciwane eliwubangele. La masosha ayahamba ayobamba lelo gciwane futhi alivimbe ukuthi lingasabalali emzimbeni wethu. Yilokho okwenziwa yilawa ma-Monoclonal Antibodies (mAbs). Uma enikezwa emizimbeni yethu evela ngaphandle, lawa ma-antibodies enziwe ngokwenziwa angena emizimbeni yethu, athole igciwane elibangela i-Covid-19 (SARS-CoV-2), alibambe, futhi alisize ekulivimbeni ekulimazeni amangqamuzana emizimba yethu.
Uma sikhuluma iqiniso, lokhu kufana nebutho eliqeqeshwe ngokukhethekile elilethwe livela ngaphandle ukuze lilwe nalesi sifo.
Lokhu kwelashwa kusebenza kanjani emzimbeni?
Ukuze siqonde lokhu, ake sithathe isibonelo esincane. Cabanga ukuthi igciwane le-Covid-19 liyisela elizama ukungena ezindlini ezibizwa ngamaseli emzimbeni wethu. Leli sela linesihluthulelo esikhethekile sokuvula iminyango yamaseli ethu. Ngokwesayensi, lesi sihluthulelo sibizwa ngokuthi 'i-spike protein' . Leli gciwane lisebenzisa lesi sihluthulelo ukungena kumaseli ethu futhi libangele lesi sifo.
Manje, lokho okwenziwa yilo muthi obizwa ngokuthi i-Monoclonal Antibody ukuzinamathisela kukhiye wesela (i-spike protein) bese uwuvimba ukuze ungasebenzi. Kufana nokunamathisela i-chewing gum emgodini wesihluthulelo. Khona-ke igciwane alikwazi ukungena emaseli ethu. Lokho kusho ukuthi, ikhono legciwane lokwanda emzimbeni, okungukuthi, ukusabalala, liyancishiswa. Lokhu kusiza kakhulu ekuvimbeleni lesi sifo ukuthi singabi sibi kakhulu. Uyaqonda?
Kodwa kukhona into ebalulekile. Igciwane le-Covid-19 lishintsha njalo uhlobo lwalo. Kuvela izinhlobo ezintsha. Lokhu kwelashwa kungase kungasebenzi kahle kwezinye izinhlobo ezintsha. Ngakho-ke, izincomo zalezi zindlela zokwelapha nazo ziyashintsha ngezikhathi ezithile. Ngakho-ke uma ufuna ukwazi noma yini ngalokhu, into engcono kakhulu nephephile ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho, hhayi nje ukwethemba ulwazi oluku-inthanethi.
Ubani onikezwa lolu hlobo lokwelashwa?
Lokhu akulona ikhambi lawo wonke umuntu othola i-COVID.. Ngokuvamile inikezwa kuphela abantu abasengozini enkulu yokuthola i-COVID-19 embi kakhulu . Inikezwa futhi ezinsukwini zokuqala zokuqala kwezimpawu. Kungcono inikezwe ngaphambi kokuba isimo sibe sibi kakhulu ukuthi singadinga ukulaliswa esibhedlela.
Ake sibone ukuthi yimaphi amaqembu ayingozi lokhu kwelashwa okuvame ukunconywa kuwo.
| Iqembu Lengozi | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| Abantu abadala | Ngokuvamile abantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-65 ubudala. |
| Abantu abakhuluphele ngokweqile | Labo abane-body mass index ephezulu (BMI). |
| Abantu abanamandla okuzivikela omzimba abuthakathaka | Isibonelo, abantu abathola ukwelashwa komdlavuza, labo abaye bafakelwa izitho zomzimba, noma labo abanezinye izifo ezinciphisa amasosha omzimba. |
| Abantu abanezinye izifo ezingamahlalakhona | Abantu abanezimo ezifana nesifo sikashukela esingalawuleki, isifo sezinso esingamahlalakhona, isifo senhliziyo esibi, kanye nesifo samaphaphu esingamahlalakhona. |
| Omama abakhulelwe | Kwezinye izimo, lokhu kwelashwa kungacatshangelwa nakomama abakhulelwe. |
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi ukuze lokhu kwelashwa kuphumelele, kumele kuthathwe ezinsukwini zokuqala ngemva kokuqala kwezimpawu . Ngakho-ke uma une-COVID futhi uwela kuleli qembu eliyingozi, ungalibali futhi ukhulume nodokotela wakho ngokushesha okukhulu. Uzocabangela iminyaka yakho, isimo sempilo, kanye nohlobo lwesifo ukuze anqume ukuthi lokhu kwelashwa kulungile yini kuwe.
Ingabe kukhona imiphumela emibi noma izingozi ngalokhu kwelashwa?
Yebo. Njenganoma yimuphi umuthi, lokhu kwelashwa kungabangela imiphumela emibi. Kodwa-ke, lezi zinto azenzeki kuwo wonke umuntu. Ezivame kakhulu yilezi:
- Ukubomvu, ukuvuvukala, noma ubuhlungu endaweni yokufakwa kwe-intravenous.
- Umkhuhlane, ukuzizwa ubanda, ubuhlungu bomzimba.
- Ikhanda elibuhlungu, isicanucanu, noma ukuhlanza.
- Akuvamile ukuthi kube nokusabela okukhulu kokungezwani komzimba . Lokhu kungafaka phakathi ubunzima bokuphefumula, ubuhlungu besifuba, ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo, kanye nokuvuvukala kobuso noma umphimbo.
Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, lolu hlobo lokwelashwa lunikezwa esibhedlela. Uzogcinwa ngaphansi kokuqashwa kwezokwelapha cishe ihora elilodwa ngemuva kokunikezwa umuthi, futhi noma yikuphi ukusabela kokungezwani komzimba kufanele kwelashwe ngokushesha.
Khumbula, udokotela wakho uzonquma ukukunikeza lokhu kwelashwa kuphela uma eqiniseka ukuthi izinzuzo zakho zidlula izingozi.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ama-Antibodies e-Monoclonal (ama-mAb) yimithi ekhethekile eyenziwe elebhu esebenza njengama-antibodies emvelo emizimba yethu.
- Lokhu kuvimbela igciwane le-Covid-19 ukuthi lingangeni emaseli emizimba yethu.
- Lokhu kwelashwa kunikezwa kuphela abantu abasengozini enkulu yokuthola izifo ezimbi kakhulu uma bethola i-COVID-19 (isib. asebekhulile, labo abanezifo ezingamahlalakhona).
- Ukuze uthole imiphumela emihle kakhulu ekwelashweni, kufanele kuthathwe ezinsukwini zokuqala ezimbalwa zokuqala kwezimpawu.
- Ukuze unqume ukuthi lokhu kwelashwa kulungile yini kuwe noma komunye umuntu emndenini wakho, qiniseka ukuthi uxoxa ngakho nodokotela wakho. Ungasekeli izinqumo zakho olwazini olutholakala ku-inthanethi kuphela.
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